Head-to-Head Comparison of Etest, MICRONAUT-AM EUCAST and Reference Broth Microdilution-Based CLSI Results for Antifungal Susceptibility Testing: Implications for Detection of Reduced Susceptibility to Amphotericin B.

Invasive infections with rare yeasts are increasing worldwide and are associated with higher mortality rates due to their resistance to antifungal drugs. Accurate antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) is crucial for proper management of rare yeast infections. We performed AFST of 74 isolates by Etest, EUCAST-based MICRONAUT-AM assay (MCN-AM) and reference Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method (CLSI).

Genomic characterization of AI resistance in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer using LTED cell line models.

Breast cancer, the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women globally, often relies on estrogen signaling for growth, particularly in hormone receptor-positive cases. Long-term estrogen deprivation (LTED) mimics the therapeutic effects of aromatase inhibitors (AIs), standard treatments for post-menopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, by creating a state where cancer cells adapt to survive without estrogen. The molecular mechanism underlying LTED state involves complex adaptations that enable cancer cells to bypass estrogen dependency.

Deoxynojirimycin derivatives as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors: in silico ADMET evaluation, molecular dynamics and in vitro validation studies.

α-Glucosidase plays a critical role in digesting carbohydrates, leading to an increase in postprandial glucose levels, which contributes to the development and progression of diabetes. By inhibiting this enzyme, it is possible to manage postprandial hyperglycemia, thereby reducing the risk of developing or exacerbating diabetes. The primary aim of our study was to identify and evaluate potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from a series of deoxynojirimycin derivatives, using a combination of binding affinity analysis, simulation studies, and in vitro experiments.

Imidazole Derivatives as ON/OFF Fluorescent Chemosensor to Detect Mercury Ion: A Mini Review.

Mercury contamination poses a significant environmental and health hazard due to its high toxicity and bioaccumulative nature. The development of highly selective and sensitive sensors for Hg ion detection has gained immense research interest. Among various chemosensors, imidazole-based fluorescent sensors have emerged as promising moiety due to their unique electronic properties, strong metal-binding affinity, and tunable fluorescence response.

Epidemiology of Candidemia, Candiduria and Emerging Candidozyma (Candida) auris Across Gulf Cooperative Council Countries and Yemen in the Arabian Peninsula.

Candida infections represent a major component of invasive and non-invasive mycoses globally, including the countries in the Arabian Peninsula. In this review, we present epidemiological features and trends, clinical manifestations, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, and outcomes available for candidemia and candiduria in six countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Yemen, all located in the Arabian Peninsula. We discuss gaps in knowledge and provide recommendations for improving various aspects for better management of infections by these fungal pathogens.

Multi-Step Synthesis, Characterization and Physicochemical Investigation of Benzylated Indole Thiosemicarbazone as Selective Switch on Sensing Properties for Copper Ion.

A selective and specific Fluorescent chemosenor benzyl-indole-based thiosemicarbazone (BMP), was synthesized via the condensation between benzylated indole and phenylthiosemicarbazide as depicted in (Scheme 3). The compound BMP structure was confirmed by Mass spectrometry, IR, and H-NMR and C-NMR spectral techniques. The solvent interaction between BMP and various solvents were investigated by UV-vis and fluorescence titration studies, revealing a bathochromic shift (red shift) in the absorption and emission spectra, because of solvent polarity dependency.

Recent Progress in Triazole Based Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Chemosensor for the Detection of Hg Metal ion: A Review.

Triazole, a heterocyclic organic molecule containing nitrogen, exhibits strong coordination abilities with various metal ions. Several synthetic techniques, including Claisen-Schmidt condensation, Huisgen-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC), Pellizzari synthesis, Einhorn-Brunner synthesis, Dimroth rearrangement and Boulton-Katritzky Rearrangement have been employed to synthesize triazole derivatives. Experimental and spectroscopic investigations have demonstrated that triazole possesses a high binding affinity for heavy metal ions such as Pb, Hg, Cd, Cu and Al.

The Mi- 1 gene is a key regulator of defence mechanisms and cellular gene dynamics in response to root-knot nematodes.

Root-knot nematodes threaten tomato cultivation worldwide. This study confirms Mi- 1 gene's role in defence by inducing programmed cell death, lignin accumulation, and cellular remodelling in resistant plants. Root-knot nematodes, particularly Meloidogyne species, pose a significant economic threat to tomato cultivation globally.

A Comprehensive Review on Recent Advances of Remarkable Scaffold Triazole based Schiff Base: Synthesis and Photoresponsive Chemosensors for Al Ion Detection.

Triazole Schiff base as fluorescent chemosensor and fluorogenic cation sensor is crucial for the detection of metal ions. The diverse structures of triazole Schiff bases have raised concerns. Excellent luminous properties are produced by mixing donor and acceptor groups with delocalized π-orbitals due to the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism.

Occurrence of Pathogenic and Allergenic Molds in the Outdoor and Indoor Environment of a Major Hospital and Molecular Epidemiology of in Kuwait.

Aspergilli and other molds are prevalent in the environment and are an important cause of opportunistic infections and seasonal allergies in susceptible patients. This study determined species distribution of various molds in outdoor/indoor air in and around a major hospital and performed antifungal susceptibility testing and molecular fingerprinting of environmental and clinical isolates in Kuwait. Sampling for the isolation of molds was performed for a 17-month-period from the water/indoor air of medical/surgical wards/ICUs and outdoor air.

Predicting the Impact of Polysulfone Dialyzers and Binder Dialysate Flow Rate on Bilirubin Removal.

Liver failure is the 12th leading cause of death worldwide. Protein-bound toxins such as bilirubin are responsible for many complications of the disease. Binder dialysis systems use albumin or another binding molecule in dialysate and detoxifying sorbent columns to remove these toxins.

Non-Cell-Based Extracorporeal Artificial Liver Systems: Historic Perspectives, Approaches and Mechanisms, Current Applications, and Challenges.

Background: Liver disease is a growing burden. Transplant organs are scarce. Extracorporeal liver support systems (ELSS) are a bridge to transplantation for eligible patients.

The therapeutic potential of Ribes orientale in hypertension: Improving electrolyte balance, enhancing antioxidant activity, and modulating the muscarinic pathway.

Cardiovascular diseases like hypertension require diuretics, but their effectiveness and side effects limit their use. Alternatives like Ribes orientale extract are being investigated for potential diuretic. In acute diuretic action, the extract and fractions of Ribes orientale were investigated in saline-loaded rats at doses of 12.

Utilizing novel species for bio-flocculation: A cost-effective approach to harvest microalgae for biofuel production.

The present study aimed to isolate a bioflocculating fungal strain from wastewater collected from a local bike garage. The isolate showed maximum similarity to species The fungus was identified as species (accession no OP703382). The isolated fungus was evaluated in terms of biomass recovery efficiency in Sp.

Development and First Clinical Use of an Extracorporeal Artificial Multiorgan System in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Patients.

Multiple organ failure (MOF) is a common and deadly condition. Patients with liver cirrhosis with acute-on-chronic liver failure (AOCLF) are particularly susceptible. Excess fluid accumulation in tissues makes routine hemodialysis generally ineffective because of cardiovascular instability.

Spectrum and management of rare /yeast infections in Kuwait in the Middle East.

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are associated with high mortality rates and mostly affect patients with compromised immunity. The incidence of IFIs is increasing worldwide with the expanding population of susceptible patients. and other yeast infections represent a major component of IFIs.

Photophysical Investigation of One Pot Synthesized Novel Indenofluorene Derivative (BDP) as a Fluorescent Chemosensor for the Detection of Fe Ion.

An Indane-1-one derivative 11-(1-benzyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-10,12-dihydrodiindeno[1,2-b:2',1'-e]-pyridine (BDP) has been synthesized by the reaction of Indan-1-one with 1-benzyl-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde. FT-IR, H-NMR, N-NMR and Mass spectroscopic techniques has been used to confirmed the structure of BDP. The observed photophysical changes in BDP across various solvents were associated.

The yeast genus Tardiomyces gen. nov. with one new species and two new combinations.

Purpose: Rare yeasts species are increasingly reported as causative agents of invasive human infection. Proper identification and antifungal therapy are essential to manage these infections. Candida blankii is one of these emerging pathogens and is known for its reduced susceptibility to multiple antifungals.

Discordance in Phenotypic and Genotypic Susceptibility Testing for Streptomycin Due to Nonsynonymous/Nonsense/Deletion Frame-Shift Mutations in Gidb Among Clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates in Kuwait.

Objective: Increasing reports of resistance to newer anti-tuberculosis drugs have prompted the search for other alternative drugs. Streptomycin could be used for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis if susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate to streptomycin could be accurately detected. We performed phenotypic and genotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) of 118 M.

Singleton mutations in large-scale cancer genome studies: uncovering the tail of cancer genome.

Singleton or low-frequency driver mutations are challenging to identify. We present a domain driver mutation estimator (DOME) to identify rare candidate driver mutations. DOME analyzes positions analogous to known statistical hotspots and resistant mutations in combination with their functional and biochemical residue context as determined by protein structures and somatic mutation propensity within conserved PFAM domains, integrating the CADD scoring scheme.

Synthesis of Fluorescent Pyrazoline Sensors as Versatile Tool for Zinc ion Detection: A Mini-Review.

Zinc ions are one of the 2nd most abundant mineral after iron and it is important for immune system, enzymatic catalysis, DNA synthesis, and maintaining structural integrity in humans. But, monitoring the Zn levels in human body poses more challenges. This review paper investigates (paper from 2010 to 2023) the synthesis of pyrazoline derivatives by different methods, including conventional methods and green chemistry protocol.

Building the taxonomic profile of the Riniaie Marwah hot spring of Kishtwar in Jammu and Kashmir: the first high-throughput sequencing-based metagenome study.

Background And Objectives: Rinaie Marwah hot spring Kishtwar (RMHSK) is one of the geothermal springs located at 33°51'51″N 75°32'07″E with an elevation of 2134 meters above sea level in Jammu and Kashmir, India. We aimed to study the microbial diversity of this geothermal spring using metagenomics.

Materials And Methods: In the present study, physiochemical parameters including temperature (65-75°C), pH (6.