Protective effects of CCL01 against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in 5xFAD transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia characterized by the excessive accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau aggregates, as well as neuronal damage and neuroinflammation. Metabolic disruption in AD has been noticed because metabolite alterations closely correlate with Aβ neuropathology and behavioral phenotypes. Accordingly, controlling various neuropathological processes and metabolic disruption is an efficient therapeutic strategy for AD treatment.

Effects of limited water supply on metabolite composition in tomato fruits ( L.) in two soils with different nutrient conditions.

Effect of water supply to metabolites in tomato fruit was compared in two soils with different nutrient conditions, i.e., either limited or excess.

Heat strain of Japanese firefighters wearing personal protective equipment: a review for developing a test method.

The aim of this review was to develop a test method for the evaluation of heat strain for structural firefighters wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) in Japan. We analysed a series of our laboratory's questionnaires and experimental studies and reviewed international standards on test methods. We investigated the actual average working conditions (total firefighting time on one incidence, working time with full PPE, maximum temperature and humidity during firefighting) at structural firefighting site in Japan by conducting a large-scale questionnaire survey of Japanese firefighters.

Extract of needles suppresses acute inflammation by regulating inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 macrophages and mice.

Context: Siebold & Zucc. (Pinaceae) needle extracts ameliorate oxidative stress, but research into their anti-inflammatory effects is limited.

Objective: To investigate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of a needles (PINE) ethanol extract and .

Comparison of Metabolome and Functional Properties of Three Korean Cucumber Cultivars.

Cucumber ( L.) is consumed worldwide and various cultivars have been developed to enhance fruit quality. However, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the quality of various cultivars.

Different Metabolites of the Gastric Mucosa between Patients with Current Infection, Past Infection, and No Infection History.

() alters metabolism during the gastric carcinogenesis process. This study aimed to determine the metabolites in the gastric mucosa according to the status of the infection. Patients who visited the outpatient clinic for a gastroscopy and tests were included.

A review of test methods for evaluating mobility of firefighters wearing personal protective equipment.

This review aimed to suggest useful, potential measurements as standard test methods for evaluating the mobility of structural firefighters wearing personal protective equipment (PPE). Based on our previous research on Japanese firefighters' activities related to mobility as well as previous literature results, the findings were categorized (e.g.

Ameliorative Effect of (Graviola) Extract on Hyperglycemia Induced Hepatic Damage in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

(AM) is evergreen plant of the family and known to have anticancer and antidiabetic effects. However, anti-diabetic mechanisms of AM extracts (AME) associated with hepatic glucose regulation and lipid metabolism remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of AME extracted on hepatic damage in diabetic mice.

Metabolic Profiling during Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progression Using Paired Clinical Bone Marrow Serum Samples.

Cellular metabolic changes reflect the characteristics of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) caused by genetic variations, which are important in establishing AML treatment. However, little is known about the metabolic profile of patients with genetic variation-induced AML. Furthermore, the metabolites differ with disease progression.

Metabolite Profiling of (Yam) Leaves to Identify Bioactive Compounds Reveals Their Potential as Renewable Resources.

Yams ( spp.) are cultivated and consumed as edible tubers, while their leaves are discarded as waste or burned with negative environmental impact. Herein, the metabolites of two yam species (Danma, DAN; Dunggeunma, DUN), harvested in June, July, and August, were profiled using GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS/MS and the antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated to stimulate the utilization of yam leaves as a by-product.

Anti-inflammatory effect of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle leaves in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated astrocytes.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Activated astrocytes are involved in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Traditionally, Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, widely distributed in East Asia, has been used as a medicine for the treatment of fever, gastric diseases, and inflammation.

Comparing Metabolites and Functional Properties of Various Tomatoes Using Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Approach.

Tomato is one of the world's most consumed vegetables, and thus, various cultivars have been developed. Therefore, metabolic differences and nutrient contents of various tomatoes need to be discovered. To do so, we performed metabolite profiling along with evaluation of morphological and physicochemical properties of five representative tomato types.

Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling and Microbial Communities of (Fermented Soy Paste) and (Fermented Soy Sauce): A Comparative Study.

and are secondary fermented soybean products from (primary fermented product) following a complex fermentation process that separates the products into solid () and liquid () states. We performed a comparative study on gas chromatography mass spectrometry-(GC-MS) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-(LC-MS) based metabolite profiling with fungal and bacterial microbial community analysis of and during fermentation. Metabolite profiling and microbial community data showed distinct patterns, depending on the fermentation process.

Parl. Extracts Reduce Acute Inflammation by Targeting Oxidative Stress.

Parl. (PTP) has traditionally been used for edible and medicinal purposes to treat several disorders, including diabetes and neuralgia. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate the inhibitory effects of PTP leaf ethanol extracts on acute inflammation.

Effects of Phosphoethanolamine Supplementation on Mitochondrial Activity and Lipogenesis in a Caffeine Ingestion Model.

Caffeine intake is strongly linked to lipid metabolism. We previously reported the age-dependent physiological effects of caffeine intake in a model. Since nutritional status can actively influence metabolism and overall health, in this study, we evaluated the effect of caffeine intake on lipid metabolism in adult-stage .

Profiling of Metabolic Differences between Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Acute/Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Although many studies have been conducted on leukemia, only a few have analyzed the metabolomic profiles of various leukemic cells. In this study, the metabolomes of THP-1, U937, KG-1 (acute myelogenous leukemia, AML), K562 (chronic myelogenous leukemia, CML), and cord blood-derived CD34-positive hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and specific metabolic alterations were found using multivariate statistical analysis. Compared to HSCs, leukemia cell metabolomes were found to have significant alterations, among which three were related to amino acids, three to sugars, and five to fatty acids.

Critical thresholds of 1-Octen-3-ol shape inter-species Aspergillus interactions modulating the growth and secondary metabolism.

In fungi, contactless interactions are mediated via the exchange of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). As these pair-wise interactions are fundamental to complex ecosystem, we examined the effects of inter-species VOCs trade-offs in Aspergillus flavus development. First, we exposed A.

Metabolite Profiling Revealed That a Gardening Activity Program Improves Cognitive Ability Correlated with BDNF Levels and Serotonin Metabolism in the Elderly.

Metabolomics is useful for evaluating the fundamental mechanisms of improvements in the health functions of the elderly. Additionally, gardening intervention as a regular physical activity for the elderly maintained and improved physical, psychology, cognitive, and social health. This study was conducted to determine whether the cognitive ability of the elderly is affected by participating in a gardening activity program as a physical activity with a metabolomic potential biomarker.

Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Unravel the Metabolic Pathway Variations for Different Sized Beech Mushrooms.

Beech mushrooms ( ) are largely relished for their characteristic earthy flavor, chewy-texture, and gustatory and nutritional properties in East Asian societies. Intriguingly, the aforementioned properties of beech mushroom can be subsumed under its elusive metabolome and subtle transcriptome regulating its various stages of growth and development. Herein, we carried out an integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling for different sized beech mushrooms across spatial components (cap and stipe) to delineate their signature pathways.

Effectiveness of a field-type liquid cooling vest for reducing heat strain while wearing protective clothing.

This study examined the effectiveness of a field-type liquid cooling vest (LCV) worn underneath an impermeable protective suit on heat strain during walking. Eight men walked for 60 min at a moderate speed (3.0 km/h) wearing the suit in a warm environment (33°C, 60% relative humidity) without (control, CON) or with the LCV.

Unusual Thermal Conductivity of Carbon Nanosheets with Self-Emerged Graphitic Carbon Dots.

The thermal conductivity (κ) of two-dimensional conducting and transparent carbon nanosheets (CNSs) prepared by a catalyst- and transfer-free process is calculated for the first time by the optothermal Raman technique. A systematic structural analysis of CNSs reveals that the thickness of polymer films affects the interaction between molecules and a Si wafer significantly, thus helping to determine the ratio of sp and sp bonding configurations of carbon (C) atoms in the CNS. Notably, the holding time of carbonization can realize a hierarchical structure with graphitic carbon dots emerging from the CNS through the rearrangement of carbon atoms, leading to the excellent κ value of 540 W/(m·K) at 310 K.

Strategy for Screening of Antioxidant Compounds from Two Ulmaceae Species Based on Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics implies that annotated metabolites can serve as potential markers of the associated bioactivities of plant extracts. Firstly, we selected and (Family: Ulmaceae) from 16 Korean plant species based on their distinct principal component analysis (PCA) patterns in LC-MS datasets and antioxidant activity assays. Further, we chose 40% solid-phase extraction (SPE) extracts of the two species displaying the highest antioxidant activities coupled with distinct PCA patterns.

Comparisons between Shikoro-type helmet with no hood and typical fire protective helmets with hood in a hot and humid environment.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate physiological and subjective responses while wearing the Shikoro-type helmet for firefighters when compared to typical helmets. Eight firefighters conducted a 30-min exercise at a 5 km h in three helmet conditions at an air temperature of 32 °C with 70%RH. The results showed that no significant differences in rectal, mean skin temperature and physiological strain index among the three conditions were found during exercise and recovery.

Effect of water bath temperature on physiological parameters and subjective sensation in older people.

Aim: In Japan, the incidence of water bathing-related cardiopulmonary accidents among older people is high in winter. The purpose of the present study was to investigate alterations in physiological characteristics and subjective thermal sensations of older people when bathing in a cool environment.

Methods: We assessed the skin temperature, rectal temperature, blood pressure, pulse rate, body fluid loss (sweat and urine), and subjective thermal responses of 11 older healthy male and 10 young male volunteers throughout 42°C and 39°C bathing in a room at 20°C with 50% humidity.

Cognitive performance during passive heat exposure in Japanese males and tropical Asian males from Southeast Asian living in Japan.

Background: Heat acclimatization studies have reported that tropical natives have better physiological function to tolerate heat exposure compared to those from temperate natives, in which may result in a better ability to show a better resistance to performance losses during heat stress. In this study, we investigate whether the degree of heat acclimatization affects cognitive abilities during heat exposure by comparing heat acclimatization level of subjects from Southeast Asia and temperate natives from Japan.

Methods: Eleven tropical males from Southeast Asia and ten temperate males from Japan participated in this study and performed two types of cognitive task: short-term memory test and mental arithmetic test, under control and passive heat exposure conditions.