Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activities of Persimmon Wine During Fermentation.

In this study, persimmons, which are rich in various nutrients and bioactive compounds, were used as the raw material for wine production. Persimmon wine was produced by inoculating with and fermenting the mixture at 30 °C for seven days. During this process, we analyzed changes in physicochemical properties, organic acids, free sugars, ethanol, methanol, free amino acids, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activities.

Impact of Quantitatively Assessed Interstitial Lung Abnormalities on Long-Term Outcomes After Lung Cancer Surgery.

: This study evaluated the prognostic significance of quantitatively assessed interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) after lung cancer surgery. We included patients with pathologic stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent segmentectomy or lobectomy. ILAs were quantified using deep learning texture analysis software.

Quality Status and Skin-Related Functional Properties of Traditional Korean Fermented Vinegars.

The correlation between fermented vinegar's physicochemical properties and functional characteristics, particularly skin-related functionalities, remains unclear. We analyzed the quality of widely consumed Korean fermented vinegars, including grain and persimmon vinegars, and their correlation with skin-related functionalities to establish quality control criteria linked to functional properties. Fifteen traditional Korean grain vinegars and fourteen persimmon vinegars were collected; distilled white vinegar was used as the control group.

Diagnostic Efficacy of PET/CT-Aided Conventional CT-guided Lung Biopsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Unlike its well-established role in lung cancer staging, positron emission tomography /computed tomography (PET/CT)'s role in guiding lung biopsies remains unclear and underutilized, despite its potential to distinguish metabolically active regions from areas of necrosis or fibrosis within lesions.

Objective: This study aims to assess the diagnostic efficacy of PET/CT-aided conventional CT-guided lung biopsy by comparing the incidences of non-diagnostic results, false results, and complications.

Methods: Studies comparing PET/CT-aided and conventional CT-guided lung biopsy were identified through an intensive search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library.

Real-World Diagnostic Performance and Clinical Utility of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Interpretation for Detection of Lung Metastasis on CT in Patients With Colorectal Cancer.

. Studies of artificial intelligence (AI) for lung nodule detection on CT have primarily been conducted in investigational settings and/or focused on lung cancer screening. .

Visual Emphysema as a Category Modifier in Lung-RADS Using a Secondary Analysis of National Lung Screening Trial.

Objective: The Lung CT Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) does not consider emphysema, a lung cancer risk factor detectable on CT, when assessing nodule risk. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of incorporating emphysema into Lung-RADS on lung cancer diagnosis.

Methods: In this secondary analysis of the National Lung Screening Trial data, CT arm participants with noncalcified nodules were assigned to Lung-RADS categories, and their emphysema severity was visually dichotomized.

Fermentation characteristics and anti-hypolipidemic effect of barley wine from co-fermentation with yeast and lactic acid bacteria.

In this study, the variations in ingredients (organic acid, free sugar, free amino acid, β-glucan, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), total phenolic content (TPC)) of single yeast fermentation (SYF0d, SYF5d, SYF10d) and simultaneous cultured fermentation (SCF0d, SCF5d, SCF10d) were analyzed. The contents of β-glucan, GABA, and TPC in SCF10d were higher compared to those in SYF10d (417.28, 596.

Gender Disparities and Lung Cancer Screening Outcomes Among Individuals Who Have Never Smoked.

Importance: Lung cancer in individuals who have never smoked (INS) is a growing global concern, with a rapidly increasing incidence and proportion among all lung cancer cases. Particularly in East Asia, opportunistic lung cancer screening (LCS) programs targeting INS have gained popularity. However, the sex-specific outcomes and drawbacks of screening INS remain unexplored, with data predominantly focused on women.

Automated Pathologic TN Classification Prediction and Rationale Generation From Lung Cancer Surgical Pathology Reports Using a Large Language Model Fine-Tuned With Chain-of-Thought: Algorithm Development and Validation Study.

Background: Traditional rule-based natural language processing approaches in electronic health record systems are effective but are often time-consuming and prone to errors when handling unstructured data. This is primarily due to the substantial manual effort required to parse and extract information from diverse types of documentation. Recent advancements in large language model (LLM) technology have made it possible to automatically interpret medical context and support pathologic staging.

Extracting lung cancer staging descriptors from pathology reports: A generative language model approach.

Background: In oncology, electronic health records contain textual key information for the diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning of patients with cancer. However, text data processing requires a lot of time and effort, which limits the utilization of these data. Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) technology, including large language models, can be applied to cancer research.

Antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effect of solvent fractions from Chinese cabbage roots ( L. ssp. ).

In this study, Chinese cabbage ( L. ssp. ) roots were solvent fractioned, and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were investigated.

Integrating Clinical Data and Medical Imaging in Lung Cancer: Feasibility Study Using the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model Extension.

Background: Digital transformation, particularly the integration of medical imaging with clinical data, is vital in personalized medicine. The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM) standardizes health data. However, integrating medical imaging remains a challenge.

Lactic acid bacteria-malted vinegar: fermentation characteristics and anti-hyperlipidemic effect.

In this study, the fermentation characteristics and functional properties of lactic acid bacteria-malted vinegar (LAB-MV) were investigated during the fermentation period. Changes in the components (organic acids, free sugars, free amino acids, β-glucan, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)) of MV (BWAF0d, BWAF10d, BWAF20d) and LAB-MV (LBWAF0d, LBWAF10d, LBWAF20d) were analyzed according to the fermentation time. The amounts of β-glucan and GABA in LBWAF20d were greater than those in BWAF20d (122.

Usefulness of longitudinal nodule-matching algorithm in computer-aided diagnosis of new pulmonary metastases on cancer surveillance CT scans.

Background: Detecting new pulmonary metastases by comparing serial computed tomography (CT) scans is crucial, but a repetitive and time-consuming task that burdens the radiologists' workload. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of a nodule-matching algorithm with deep learning-based computer-aided detection (DL-CAD) in diagnosing new pulmonary metastases on cancer surveillance CT scans.

Methods: Among patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy between 2014 and 2018, 65 new pulmonary metastases missed by interpreting radiologists on cancer surveillance CT (Time 2) were identified after a retrospective comparison with the previous CT (Time 1).

Use of artificial intelligence in triaging of chest radiographs to reduce radiologists' workload.

Objectives: To evaluate whether deep learning-based detection algorithms (DLD)-based triaging can reduce outpatient chest radiograph interpretation workload while maintaining noninferior sensitivity.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent initial chest radiography at the outpatient clinic between June 1 and June 30, 2017. Readers interpreted radiographs with/without a commercially available DLD that detects nine radiologic findings (atelectasis, calcification, cardiomegaly, consolidation, fibrosis, nodules, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and pneumoperitoneum).

Radiologic Extranodal Extension of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Prognostic Utility and Diagnostic Performance.

Pathologic extranodal extension (ENE) in metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) has been associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of this article was to evaluate the prognostic utility of radiologic ENE and its diagnostic performance in predicting pathologic ENE in patients with NSCLC. This retrospective study included 382 patients (mean age, 67 ± 10 [SD] years; 297 men, 85 women) diagnosed with NSCLC and clinical N1 or N2 disease between January 2010 and December 2016.

Local retention efficacy of steroid-loaded PLGA microspheres in epidural injection.

Long-term effects of epidural steroid injections for pain management require novel drug formulations that increase tissue retention time. Present study aimed to investigate the local retention of steroid-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres in epidural injection using a rabbit model. Twenty rabbits were randomly assigned to a PLGA group (n = 10) and a triamcinolone acetonide (TA) group (n = 10).

Troponin-Positive Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries and Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: Definition, Etiologies, and Role of CT and MR Imaging.

In approximately 10% of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), angiography does not reveal an obstructive coronary stenosis. This is known as myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), which has complex and multifactorial causes. However, this term can be confusing and open to dual interpretation, because MINOCA is also used to describe patients with acute myocardial injury caused by ischemia-related myocardial necrosis.

Deep Learning-based Automatic Detection Algorithm for Reducing Overlooked Lung Cancers on Chest Radiographs.

Background It is uncertain whether a deep learning-based automatic detection algorithm (DLAD) for identifying malignant nodules on chest radiographs will help diagnose lung cancers. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of using a DLAD in observer performance for the detection of lung cancers on chest radiographs. Materials and Methods Among patients diagnosed with lung cancers between January 2010 and December 2014, 117 patients (median age, 69 years; interquartile range [IQR], 64-74 years; 57 women) were retrospectively identified in whom lung cancers were visible on previous chest radiographs.