Blood and neuronal extracellular vesicle mitochondrial disruptions in schizophrenia.

The high energy demand of the human brain obligates robust mitochondrial energy metabolism, while mitochondrial dysfunctions have been linked to neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). However, in vivo assessments that can directly inform brain mitochondrial functioning and its etiopathophysiological path to SSD remain difficult to obtain. We hypothesized that system and brain mitochondrial dysfunctions in SSD may be indexed by elevated cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) levels in the blood and in neuronal extracellular vesicles (nEVs).

"Bai Jiang Cao" for treatment of colon cancer - comparison between Patrinia scabiosaefolia Link and the misused species Thlaspi arvense L.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: "Bai Jiang Cao" comprise of various Patrina species, such as Patrinia scabiosaefolia Link and Patrina villosa (Thunb.) Dufr., which are traditionally used for treating intestinal disorders.

Radiomics analysis of contrast-free synthetic MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient for early predicting neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in breast cancer.

Objectives: To investigate the value of the radiomics features extracted from the contrast-free synthetic MRI (SyMRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the early prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer.

Methods: 267 breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) before surgery were prospectively enrolled and divided into the training cohort (n = 145), validation cohort (n = 62) and test cohort (n = 60) in a chronological order. All patients underwent breast MRI with SyMRI and Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) before (pre-) and after the first cycle (1st-) of NAC.

Large-scale protein interactome reveals lineage-specific genes driving plant-parasitic nematode adaptive innovations.

Mounting evidence suggests that lineage-specific genes drive phenotype diversity. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs), among the most destructive plant pathogens, have evolved innovated traits required for plant parasitism, yet the genetic basis remains unclear. Here, we identify PPN lineage-specific genes (PPNLSGs) and analyze the large-scale protein interactome of their encoded proteins (PPNLSPs).

Brain-wide functional connectome analysis of 40,000 individuals reveals brain networks that show aging effects in older adults.

The functional connectome changes with aging. We systematically evaluated aging-related alterations in the functional connectome using a whole-brain connectome network analysis in 39,675 participants in UK Biobank project. We used adaptive dense network discovery tools to identify networks directly associated with aging from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.

Blood and Neuronal Extracellular Vesicle Mitochondrial Disruptions in Schizophrenia.

The high energy demand of the human brain obligates robust mitochondrial energy metabolism, while mitochondrial dysfunctions have been linked to neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). However, assessments that can directly inform brain mitochondrial functioning and its etiopathophysiological path to SSD remain difficult to obtain. We hypothesized that system and brain mitochondrial dysfunctions in SSD may be indexed by elevated cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) levels in the blood and in neuronal extracellular vesicles (nEVs).

Mitochondrial Response to Psychological Stress and Its Medial Prefrontal Biomarker Correlates.

Background: Stress response obligates increased mitochondrial activities to meet stress induced high energy requirement. This stress mitochondrial response process involves glucocorticoid but also multiple alternative pathways that are top down regulated by the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). These pathways are important for many neuropsychiatric conditions that are sensitive to stress.

Popliteal sciatic nerve block versus intrathecal anesthesia for Achilles tendon rupture repair surgery: a mono-centric retrospective comparative study.

Background: To compare the anesthetic and analgesic effects of popliteal sciatic nerve block and intrathecal anesthesia in acute Achilles tendon rupture patients undergoing surgery.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 115 patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture who underwent surgery at Peking University Third Hospital between May and November 2023. After excluding cases lost to follow-up or declining participation, 96 patients were ultimately enrolled.

Integration of single-cell RNA and bulk RNA sequencing revealed malignant ductal cell heterogeneity and prognosis signatures in pancreatic cancer.

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumor of the digestive system with a dismal prognosis. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, overall survival remains extremely low. Early diagnostic markers and an improved understanding of tumor-microenvironment interactions are essential for developing more effective therapies.

Open surgery and minimally invasive repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture: stratified outcomes based on immobilization duration in a prospective cohort study.

Background: Acute Achilles tendon rupture (AATR) surgical repair debates center on the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) versus open surgery (OS), with immobilization duration poorly stratified. This prospective cohort study aimed to compare clinical outcomes of OS and MIS for AATR repair and evaluate the impact of immobilization duration (0, 2, or 4 weeks) on postoperative rehabilitation.

Methods: A total of 474 patients undergoing surgical repair for acute AATR were stratified into six groups based on surgical approach (OS: 265 cases; MIS: 209 cases) and immobilization duration (0, 2, or 4 weeks).

Improving Energy Storage Properties of Barium Zirconate Titanate Ceramics via Defect Dipole Engineering.

Lead-free ceramic materials have been widely studied since dielectric capacitors became a key component for energy storage. In this work, we adopted defect dipole engineering and improved the energy storage performance of barium zirconate titanate (BZT) ceramics by doping them with MnO. With the increase in Mn content, the hysteresis loop changed from a conventional loop to a pinned hysteresis loop, resulting in a decrease in remnant polarization ().

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the role of GTF2F2 in ovarian cancer oncogenesis and progression.

Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the female reproductive system and is associated with poor prognosis. This study aimed to utilize single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the heterogeneity of malignant epithelial cells in ovarian cancer, focusing on their potential functions and the implications for treatment and prognosis.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing data were clustered using a single-cell transcriptome clustering method, and malignant epithelial cells were identified through copy number variation analysis.

3D-Printed Laminae for Kyphosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis During Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy.

Objective: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) often presents with spinal kyphosis, and pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) is a common surgical technique for correcting AS-related kyphosis. However, after PSO, the posterior column lacks rigid bone support, potentially leading to intervertebral disc mobility and loss of correction. This study aims to introduce a novel 3D-printed laminae for the treatment of AS-related kyphosis.

EGCG Regulates the Effect of HDAC6 on Oxidative Stress of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Induced by Lipopolysaccharide.

Background: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects in periodontitis. However, the specific mechanisms involved remain unclear. Our study explored whether the mechanism by which EGCG on alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLCs) involves HDAC6.

Ticagrelor or dipyridamole plus aspirin may be a promising antiplatelet therapy in patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack: a bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: The efficacy and safety of different antiplatelet in minor strokes or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) remains controversial.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library to identify all eligible articles until 12 September 2024. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality, excellent outcome, functional independence and recurrent stroke.

Early prediction of neoadjuvant therapy response in breast cancer using MRI-based neural networks: data from the ACRIN 6698 trial and a prospective Chinese cohort.

Background: Early prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in breast cancer patients can facilitate timely adjustment of treatment regimens. We aimed to develop and validate a MRI-based enhanced self-attention network (MESN) for predicting pathological complete response (pCR) based on longitudinal images at the early stage of NAT.

Methods: Two imaging datasets were utilized: a subset from the ACRIN 6698 trial (dataset A, n = 227) and a prospective collection from a Chinese hospital (dataset B, n = 245).

Functional vs Structural Cortical Deficit Pattern Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder.

Importance: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental illness characterized more by functional rather than structural brain abnormalities. The pattern of regional homogeneity (ReHo) deficits in MDD may relate to underlying regional hypoperfusion. Capturing this functional deficit pattern provides a brain pattern-based biomarker for MDD that is linked to the underlying pathophysiology.

Mcl-1 is an important target protein for kaempferol from persimmon leaves in sensitizing ABT-199 to induce apoptosis in hepatoma cancer cells.

Overexpression of Mcl-1 causes hepatocellular carcinoma resistance to Bcl-2 inhibitors, but there are currently no direct Mcl-1 inhibitors available for clinical application. Our previous research demonstrated that kaempferol from persimmon leaves (KPL) can sensitize ABT-199 to inhibit liver cancer cell proliferation. This study further explored the effect of KPL sensitizing ABT-199 on liver cancer cell apoptosis and its potential mechanisms.

Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles for Enhanced Cuproptosis and Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment.

Cuproptosis is a newly discovered copper ion-dependent programmed cell death. Elesclomol (ES) is a Cu transporter that delivers Cu into tumor cells, causing cell death at toxic doses. However, ES has a short blood half-life, limiting its accumulation in tumors.

Peripheral Microvascular and Cerebral White Matter Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: Implications of a Body-Brain Endothelial Pathophysiology.

Background And Hypothesis: Schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) is a chronic neuropsychiatric illness accompanied by significant brain structural and functional abnormalities and higher rate of cardio- and cerebrovascular comorbidities. We hypothesized that genetic and environmental risk factors that led to SSD act throughout the body and demonstrated the association between lower integrity of peripheral vascular endothelium and white matter (WM) microstructure.

Study Design: Microvascular endothelial function was evaluated using brachial artery post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH), in which endothelial responses are measured under reduced blood flow and after blood flow is restored.

The evolution and functional characterization of transcription factors E2Fs in lamprey, Lethenteron reissneri.

The E2 promoter binding factors (E2Fs) are a group of transcriptional regulators that govern the cell cycle and play crucial roles in various cellular physiological processes, including proliferation and embryonic development. In this study, we identified four homologous genes-Lr-E2F3, Lr-E2F4, Lr-E2F5, and Lr-E2F8-from the lamprey (Lethenteron reissneri) genome database. Phylogenetic tree analysis was conducted to elucidate the evolutionary relationships within the E2F family across different species.

Effect and prognosis of thoracolumbar fracture combined with incomplete spinal cord injury on male sexual function.

Background And Purpose: Severe thoracolumbar fractures are associated with spinal cord injury that potentially leads to sexual dysfunction. Our purpose is to study the factors that influence sexual dysfunction and its prognosis.

Methods: This study included 117 male patients with thoracolumbar fractures and incomplete spinal cord injury.

Accelerating Heritability, Genetic Correlation, and Genome-Wide Association Imaging Genetic Analyses in Complex Pedigrees.

National and international biobanking efforts led to the collection of large and inclusive imaging genetics datasets that enable examination of the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to human brains in illness and health. High-resolution neuroimaging (~10 voxels) and genetic (10 single nucleotide polymorphic [SNP] variants) data are available in statistically powerful (N = 10) epidemiological and disorder-focused samples. Performing imaging genetics analyses at full resolution afforded in these datasets is a formidable computational task even under the assumption of unrelatedness among the subjects.

Enzyme-assisted upconversion fluorescence-encoded biosensing system for simultaneous detection of multiple sites EGFR mutation.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations play a key role in the development of a variety of cancers. Rapid detection and screening of EGFR mutation types in patients are of great significance for early treatment of patients. In this study, a highly sensitive fluorescent biosensing system based on lanthanide ion-doped multi-type upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) combined with polymerization reaction signal amplification was designed and constructed for the simultaneous detection of L858R and 19Del mutations.