Methodological establishment and diagnostic value of a multiplex fluorescent PCR assay for the detection of three fastidious respiratory pathogens.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are common fastidious bacteria responsible for respiratory tract infections, particularly in children and immunocompromised individuals. Due to their demanding growth requirements, traditional culture methods often yield low sensitivity and delayed results, posing challenges for early and accurate diagnosis.

Objective: To establish a TaqMan probe-based multiplex fluorescent PCR method for the simultaneous rapid detection and identification of three important respiratory fastidious pathogens: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis.

A core Plasmopara viticola effector attenuates the DNA-binding activity of bZIP transcription factor to compromise plant immunity.

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) frequently faces challenges from various pathogens, among which Plasmopara viticola is the most devastating one hindering grape production. During infection, P.

Crystal Facet Engineering Modulated Electron Transfer Mechanisms: A Self-Powered Photoelectrochemical Sensing Platform for Noninvasive Detection of Uric Acid.

Crystal facet engineering is a pivotal strategy to design high-performance photoelectrodes and suppress electron and hole complexation, thus enhancing photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity through carrier enrichment at specific crystal facets. However, there is still a lack of systematic resolution on the intrinsic principles of crystal facet tuning energy band structure and the specific adsorption of signaling molecules. In this work, a multidimensional synergistic optimization strategy was proposed to achieve precise prediction and targeted crystal facet design of photoelectrodes by establishing a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model of "crystal configuration-molecular recognition-carrier transport".

Evaluation of Luffa Rootstocks to Improve Resistance in Bitter Gourd ( L.) Against Fusarium Wilt.

Fusarium wilt in bitter gourd caused by f. sp. (Fomo) is a severe plant disease that affects the world's bitter gourd ( L.

S-Modified MOF Nanozyme Cascade System with Multi-Enzyme Activity for Dual-Mode Antibiotic Assay.

The judicious utilization of antibiotics has established a robust bulwark for human health. However, their improper usage has engendered deleterious ramifications on the environment, underscoring the imperative for developing efficacious and cost-effective detection and degradation platforms. This study presents a sulfur-modified iron-cobalt bimetallic single-atom nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst (S-FeCo-NC) with a noncopper active center.

GC-IMS combined with multivariate statistical analysis: An efficient strategy for characterizing flavor components and assessing storage stability of egg yolk powder.

The lack of understanding of the characteristic aroma components and the absence of effective monitoring methods for flavor changes during storage are significant bottlenecks that hinder the development of egg yolk powder (EYP) products. This study validated the effectiveness of gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) technology in monitoring the short-term storge flavor changes of EYP. Using this technology, the 34 volatile signals were detected in EYP, primarily consisting of aldehydes, ketones, and esters.

Harnessing bifunctional nanozyme with potent catalytic and signal amplification for innovating electrochemical immunoassay.

Nanozyme-based electrochemical biosensors have emerged as an alternative to enzyme-based biosensors for next-generation bioanalysis. However, potential antibody modifications limit the catalytic sites of the nanozyme, thereby reducing sensor sensitivity. Here, a sensitive method for determining carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was developed.

The causal effect of glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous research showed that there is an important association between glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the relationship has not been clarified. In this study, we attempted to evaluate it.

Site-specific immunoglobulin G N-glycosylation is associated with gastric cancer progression.

Background: The relationship between cancer development and alterations in IgG N-glycosylation has been well-established. However, comprehensive profiling of the N-glycome and N-glycoproteome in gastric cancer (GC) remains limited. Furthermore, the prognostic potential of IgG N-glycan patterns in identifying precursors to GC has yet to be fully elucidated.

Pioneering food analysis: Transformative antioxidant testing with colorimetric assays using Co-Mn bimetallic oxide nanozyme.

Background: Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) testing is critical for guiding dietary, and nutritional treatments, and investigating the efficacy of antioxidant food additives.

Results: Here, a competitive enzyme-like colorimetric method based on Co-Mn nanoflower nanozymes was developed for the determination of TAC in food. The synthesized nanozymes had excellent POD-like activity, using the antioxidant as a special recognition unit and the chromogenic substrate as a signal molecule reporter, and could generate a significant color response in less than 15 min by producing enzymatically catalyzed ROS.

Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) ameliorating cognitive impairment in ischemia-reperfusion vascular dementia mice through miR-124 regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Vascular dementia (VD) is a disease characterized by cognitive impairment and memory loss due to brain cell damage caused by cerebral vascular ischemia. Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) has been used clinically to treat diseases for centuries. The VD model was established by bilateral common carotid artery (BCCA) repeated ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and caudal bleeding.

Bimetallic Single-Atom Nanozyme-Based Electrochemical-Photothermal Dual-Function Portable Immunoassay with Smartphone Imaging.

Rapid and accurate detection of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is crucial for the early diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. In this study, we reported an iron-manganese ion N-doped carbon single-atom catalyst (FeMn-NC/SAC) bimetallic peroxidase mimetic enzyme with abundant active sites etched by HO and further demonstrated unique advantages of single-atom bimetallic nanozymes in generating hydroxyl radicals by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. As a proof of concept, a portable device-dependent electrochemical-photothermal bifunctional immunoassay detection platform was designed to achieve reliable detection of HER2.

Analyzing genetic diversity in luffa and developing a Fusarium wilt-susceptible linked SNP marker through a single plant genome-wide association (sp-GWAS) study.

Background: Luffa (Luffa spp.) is an economically important crop of the Cucurbitaceae family, commonly known as sponge gourd or vegetable gourd. It is an annual cross-pollinated crop primarily found in the subtropical and tropical regions of Asia, Australia, Africa, and the Americas.

The prognostic value of the NPT test combined with amplitude integrated electroencephalogram in children with VE and its bioreliability analysis.

Background: Viral encephalitis (VE) is one of the common diseases of children with intracranial infection, it has come on urgent, progress is fast, and the clinical features of severe cases may even lead to disability, death, and other serious adverse prognostic outcomes, so seek in early diagnosis and prognosis of efficiency of the relevant indicators to stop in time and take effective means to prevent the further development is of great significance. Neopterin (NPT), as a factor that plays an important role in the process of validation development, has been relatively rarely studied in children with VE.

Methods: In this study, 127 cases of children with VE were retrieved from the TCGA database by bioinformatics, and their amplitude integrated electroencephalogram (AEEG) related information was collected at the same time.

Maternal intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and neurodevelopmental conditions in offspring: A population-based cohort study of 2 million Swedish children.

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common obstetric liver disorder and is associated with an increased risk of iatrogenic preterm birth and adverse infant outcomes. Hence, there are several plausible pathways through which ICP could affect offspring neurodevelopment. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have investigated these associations.

Tiotropium reduces clinically important deterioration in patients with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A post hoc analysis of the Tie-COPD study.

Background: Clinically important deterioration (CID) is a composite endpoint used to holistically assess the complex progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Tiotropium improves lung function and reduces the rate of COPD exacerbations in patients with COPD of Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage 1 (mild) or 2 (moderate). However, whether tiotropium reduces CID risk in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD remains unclear.

Epithelial IL5RA promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis via Jak2/STAT3 cascade.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and debilitating lung disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components within the lung parenchyma. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely elusive, and the treatment options available for pulmonary fibrosis are limited. Interleukin 5 receptor, alpha (IL5RA) is a well-established regulator of eosinophil activation, involved in eosinophil-mediated anti-parasitic activities and allergic reactions.

Histopathology and quantification of green fluorescent protein-tagged f. sp. isolate in resistant and susceptible germplasm.

f. sp. (Folu) is a severe plant pathogen that causes vascular wilt and root rot in plants worldwide.

Domain-Limited Sub-Nanometer Co Nanoclusters in Defective Nitrogen Doped Carbon Structures for Non-Invasive Drug Monitoring.

In this work, sub-nanometer Co clusters anchored on porous nitrogen-doped carbon (C─N─Co NCs) are successfully prepared by high-temperature annealing and pre-fabricated template strategies for non-invasive sensing of clozapine (CLZ) as an efficient substrate adsorption and electrocatalyst. The introduction of Co sub-nanoclusters (Co NCs) provides enhanced electrochemical performance and better substrate adsorption potential compared to porous and nitrogen-doped carbon structures. Combined with ab initio calculations, it is found that the favorable CLZ catalytic performance with C─N─Co NCs is mainly attributed to possessing a more stable CLZ adsorption structure and lower conversion barriers of CLZ to oxidized state CLZ.

Edge-generated N-doped carbon-supported dual-metal active sites for enhancing electrochemical immunoassay.

Development of high-precision human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) assay is essential for the early diagnostic and prevention of breast cancer. In this work, an innovative Fe/Mn bimetallic nanozyme at the edge of N-doped carbon defects (FeMn-NC) with abundant active sites was prepared through the hydrothermal synthetic method. FeMn-NC nanozyme displayed excellent peroxidase-like activity relative to the HO-catalyzed 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) system for generation of the oxidized TMB (oxTMB).

Associations between maternal metabolic conditions and neurodevelopmental conditions in offspring: the mediating effects of obstetric and neonatal complications.

Background: Maternal pre-gestational diabetes (PGDM), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and overweight/obesity have been associated with increased risks of offspring neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) including autism, intellectual disability (ID), and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Less is known about whether and how obstetric and neonatal complications (e.g.

PeCIN8 expression correlates with flower size and resistance to yellow leaf disease in Phalaenopsis orchids.

Background: The orchid industry has seen a recent surge in export values due to the floral morphology and versatile applications of orchids in various markets for medicinal, food additive, and cosmetic usages. However, plant-related diseases, including the yellow leaf disease caused by Fusarium solani, have caused significant losses in the production value of Phalaenopsis (up to 30%).

Results: In this study, 203 Phalaenopsis cultivars were collected from 10 local orchid nurseries, and their disease severity index and correlation with flower size were evaluated.

Block-Polymer-Restricted Sub-nanometer Pt Nanoclusters Nanozyme-Enhanced Immunoassay for Monitoring of Cardiac Troponin I.

Noble-metal nanozymes have demonstrated great potential in various fields. However, aggregation of single-particle nanoparticles severely affects their exposed catalytically active sites to the extent of exhibiting weak enzyme-like activity. Here, we present an organic block surfactant (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP) to construct monodisperse water-stable Pt nanoclusters (Pt NCs) for an enhanced immunoassay of cardiac troponin I (cTnI).