FN041 Alleviates Radiation Enteritis by Regulating M2 Macrophages Polarization Based on Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites.

Radiotherapy, a common method for treating pelvic and abdominal cancer, can easily result in radiation enteritis (RE). The gut microbiota and its metabolites have a crucial role in regulating macrophage polarization and maintaining immune homeostasis. FN041, derived from human milk, can promote M2 polarization while attenuating RE.

Introducing Nitramide Group into High Energy Density Material Molecule Leads to Enhanced Performance.

Although it has been verified by many experimental studies that the design of introducing nitrogen-rich groups into current molecular backbones is a practical method to increase the detonation properties, there is no clear understanding of how energetic explosophores would affect the energy storage density and energy release degree of high energy density materials (HEDMs). The BCHMX (cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5-]-imidazole) molecule was designed based on the HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane) molecule by introducing intramolecular carbon-carbon linkages, which provides an excellent spot to introduce a nitramide group. Thus, we designed the BCHMX-ENO (2,4,6,8,9-pentanitro-2,4,6,8,9-pentaazabicyclo[3.

Trends and development of enhanced recovery after surgery programs in cranial and spinal neurosurgery.

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) has garnered considerable attention and demonstrated substantial clinical benefits across multiple surgical specialties. However, its integration into cranial and spinal neurosurgery remains nascent and fraught with challenges. This study aims to systematically assess the current research landscape, identify emerging hotspots, and forecast future directions for ERAS in neurosurgery through comprehensive bibliometric analysis.

Research hotspots and frontiers of glymphatic system and Alzheimer's disease: a bibliometrics analysis.

Background: As a predominant neurodegenerative disorder, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has garnered increasing attention regarding the association between its pathological mechanisms and glymphatic system (GS) dysfunction.

Objective: This study employs bibliometric methods to systematically analyze the evolutionary trajectory and emerging frontiers of GS-AD research from 2010 to 2025, aiming to provide insights for clinical applications and scientific research.

Methods: A total of 595 articles were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection.

Oxyresveratrol suppressed melanogenesis, dendrite formation, and melanosome transport in melanocytes via regulation of the MC1R/cAMP/MITF pathway.

Oxyresveratrol, a natural derivative of resveratrol, has been shown to possess antimelanogenic properties. However, the underlying mechanism and its effect on melanin transfer remain poorly understood. In this study, the effects and mechanisms of oxyresveratrol on melanogenesis, dendrite formation, and melanosome transport were investigated.

The RNA-binding protein DDX39B promotes colorectal adenocarcinoma progression by stabilizing DCLK1.

DDX39B, a member of the DEAD-box (DDX) RNA helicase family, plays a pivotal role in the post-transcriptional regulation of diverse pathological processes, including tumor progression, viral replication, and neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we investigated the functional significance of DDX39B in the proliferation and metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and sought to uncover its underlying molecular mechanism. Our findings revealed that DDX39B was markedly upregulated in COAD tumor tissues, and its elevated expression correlated with poor patient prognosis.

Identifying Targets and Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis Stratified Therapy Using Mendelian Randomization and a Pretraining Model.

The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) subtypes, including seropositive and seronegative, is influenced by lifestyle factors and exhibits high heterogeneity, resulting in reduced drug efficacy. This study aims to identify cytokines mediating the effects of different lifestyles on RA subtypes and to discover new drugs for personalized treatment. Mendelian randomization revealed that three cytokines (MIP1b, SCGFb, and TRAIL) partially mediated the effects of different lifestyles on RA overall or its subtypes.

Improving intestinal barrier function and intestinal microbiome of weaned piglets fed a low-protein diet through tryptophan and N-Acetylglutamic acid supplementation.

The research aimed to evaluate how incorporating NAG and Trp into a low-protein diet affects intestinal functions and alterations in the microbiota, ultimately focusing on enhancing the growth and stress resistance of weaned piglets aged 3-4 weeks.A total of 120 weaned piglets were categorized into five distinct groups: a control group (CON), a low-protein diet group (LP), a low-protein diet group with 0.2% N-acetylglutamic acid (LP + NAG), a low-protein diet group with 0.

A galacturonan from sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) berry modulates dyslipidemia by promoting hepatic lipolysis and mitochondrial oxidation.

Emerging evidence highlights the therapeutic potential of sea buckthorn polysaccharides in metabolic disorders; however, the anti-dyslipidemia efficacy and mechanisms of its homogeneous polysaccharides remain unexplored. A novel polysaccharide, designated SPC2A, was isolated and structurally characterized from Hippophae rhamnoides L. Structural analysis revealed SPC2A (12.

Drainage versus Nondrainage for Thoracolumbar Spine Surgery: An Evidence Synthesis.

Objective: Drainage tube placement during posterior thoracolumbar spine surgery is common, yet debated due to conflicting evidence on complication risks. This study compares the safety and efficacy of drainage use versus nonuse.

Methods: A systematic review of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases identified randomized controlled trials using terms like "Drainage," "Spine," and "randomized controlled trial.

Interaction Between Glycoside Hydrolase FsGH28c from and PnPUB35 Confers Resistance in .

Pathogens deploy various molecular mechanisms to overcome host defenses, among which glycoside hydrolases (GHs) play a critical role as virulence factors. Understanding the functional roles of these enzymes is essential for uncovering pathogen-host interactions and developing strategies for disease management. wilt has occurred in the main cultivation regions, which seriously affects the yield and quality of .

Metal pollution-induced alterations in soil fungal community structure and functional adaptations across regional scales.

Soil contamination with heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) threatens soil ecosystem health and function. However, how cross-regional HM contamination influences the structure and function of soil fungal communities remains understudied. We conducted a large-scale soil survey in southern China, using the Nemerow synthetic Pollution Index to assess contamination levels of seven metals (copper, lead, cadmium, arsenic, nickel, zinc and chromium).

Reliability analysis of subsea pipeline system based on fuzzy polymorphic bayesian network.

Subsea pipeline system faces significant challenges in practical engineering applications, including system complexity, environmental variability, and limited historical data. These factors complicate the accurate estimation of component failure rates, leading to fault polymorphism and inherent uncertainty. To address these challenges, this study proposes a reliability analysis method based on a Fuzzy Polymorphic Bayesian Network (FPBN).

Comparative efficacy and safety of three surgical procedures for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: a Bayesian-based network analysis.

Purpose: Existing studies have suggested that the efficacy and safety of tubular microdiscectomy (TMD) and percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (TED) for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) are similar to those of open microdiscectomy (OMD). However, there are no head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs) making indirect or integrated comparisons of the efficacy and safety of TMD and TED for LDH. A network meta-analysis (NMA) of RCTs was used to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of OMD, TMD and TED for LDH in this research.

Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Dual-Phase AlCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy Under High-Strain-Rate Compression.

This paper investigates the effect of strain rate on the mechanical deformation and microstructural development of dual-phase AlCrFeNi high-entropy alloy during quasi-static and dynamic compression processes. It is revealed that the as-cast AlCrFeNi alloy is composed of a mixture of FCC, disordered BCC, and ordered B2 crystal structure phases. The alloy shows excellent compressive properties under quasi-static and dynamic deformation.

Spontaneous Infiltration Behavior of Al Matrix into Carbon Fiber Bundles Induced by Al-Ni Binary Reaction.

In this study, a Ni-coated carbon fiber reinforced Al-matrix (Ni-CF/Al) composite is prepared utilizing a pressure-free infiltration process. The CFs are coated with a layer of Ni through an electroless plating process, which facilitates the spontaneous infiltration behavior driven by the Al-Ni binary reaction. The spontaneous infiltration process, observed via synchrotron radiation in the direction opposite to gravity, demonstrates a fastest velocity of 31.

Protective effect of Dendrobium officinale extract on aspirin-induced gastric lesions in rats.

To examine the protective effect and mechanism of the original extract of Dendrobium officinale (DE) on gastric lesions caused by aspirin (ASA) facilitate the development of traditional Chinese medicine products. In this study, a gastric lesions rat model was established, and then the rats were treated with DE for 5 days. We found that ASA-induced gastric mucosal detachment and hemorrhagic lesions in rats improved after DE supplementation.

An active protein from Dendrobium officinale residue: Protects the gastric mucosa and stabilized in the gastrointestinal tract.

A large number of by-products generated in the food industry is discarded as waste, especially the residue left after extracting plant resources, which is typically repurposed as fertilizer. In this study, we extracted and purified a new protein, DOP1, from the residue of Dendrobium officinale Kimura & Migo (D. officinale), and explored the protective effect of DOP1 on alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury.

A Highly Efficient and User-Friendly Sensitive Skin Model on the Forearm.

Background: Sensitive skin is a worldwide skin problem, and its assessment of therapeutic efficacy traditionally relies on the facial stinging test. However, this test possesses certain limitations due to its restrictive application site, intense pain sensation, and adverse effects on physical appearance.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a highly efficient and user-friendly sensitive skin simulation model, which combines tape stripping and capsaicin testing on the forearm (FA-TS-CAT), as an alternative to the facial stinging test.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the U-box gene family related to biotic and abiotic stresses in Coffea canephora L.

Plant U-box genes play an important role in the regulation of plant hormone signal transduction, stress tolerance, and pathogen resistance; however, their functions in coffee (Coffea canephora L.) remain largely unexplored. In this study, we identified 47 CcPUB genes in the C.

Pan-cancer Comprehensive Analysis Identified EGFR as a Potential Biomarker for Multiple Tumor Types.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been extensively studied for its critical role in the development and progression of various malignancies. In this comprehensive pan-cancer analysis, we investigated the potential of EGFR as a biomarker across multiple tumor types; a comprehensive analysis of EGFR gene mutation and copy number variation was conducted using cBioPortal and other tools. Utilizing multi-omics datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we analyzed EGFR's expression patterns, prognostic implications, genetic mutations, and molecular interactions in different cancers.