Spatiotemporal subtypes of brain and spinal cord atrophy in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are autoimmune demyelinating diseases with overlapping clinical features but distinct patterns of brain and spinal cord atrophy. The precise atrophy subtypes specific to each disease remain elusive. This study aimed to identify shared and distinct atrophy subtypes in NMOSD and MS, using neuroimaging to explore their clinical significance and potential implications for tailored treatment strategies.

Risk prediction models for biochemical recurrence of Chinese prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy based on magnetic resonance imaging examination: a systematic review.

Background: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) affects the prognosis of patients and early accurate prediction is crucial. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of great value in the assessment of prostate cancer (PCa). However, there is a lack of a systematic summary of the current research status for the construction of a postoperative BCR prediction model applicable to Chinese PCa patients based on MRI features.

The adsorption route and stabilization mechanism of Cd and Pb in soil from Pb-Zn smelter using ferrous sulfide coated with alginate.

Natural and synthetic ferrous sulfide (FeS) is commonly used in simultaneous stabilization of multi-heavy metal-contaminated soil due to its high selectivity. The coating of alginate on FeS (FeS@A) can enhance the activity and availability toward heavy metals (HMs). However, the quantified contributions of alginate and inner FeS to the adsorption/stabilization of HMs are still limited, which can provide the key information to stabilizer regulation.

Jahn-Teller Distortion in the Amino-Functionalized Metal-organic Framework Promotes CH Partial Oxidation with Enhanced in situ HO Utilization Efficiency.

The partial CH oxidation by generation of HO from O and H offers a promising strategy to synthesize CHOH from affordable and sustainable substances. However, it remains a grand challenge to efficiently utilize HO for the exclusive production of methanol. Herein, we report a tandem catalyst by encapsulating Pd nanoparticles in an amino-functionalized Fe-based metal-organic framework, delivering a CHOH productivity of 14.

Propionate alleviates ulcerative colitis by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

: Ulcerative colitis (UC) poses a significant health challenge characterized by recurrent inflammation of the intestinal tract, yet effective treatment options remain elusive. While previous studies have hinted at the potential of propionate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), in mitigating colitis, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. : This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic effects of propionate in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and explore its regulatory influence on the NLRP3 inflammasome and associated signaling pathways.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of the Gene Family in and Their Transcriptional Response to Fungal Infection.

Blume is an important medicinal orchid, yet its large-scale cultivation is increasingly threatened by fungal diseases. The 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) gene family directs a key step in phenylpropanoid metabolism and plant defence, but its composition and function in have not been investigated. We mined the genome for 4CL homologues, mapped their chromosomal locations, and analysed their gene structures, conserved motifs, phylogenetic relationships, promoter cis-elements and codon usage bias.

Development and Internal-External Validation Models for Cervical Cancer Overall Survival Prognosis: A SEER-Based Study and Chinese Data.

Objective: The study aims to develop a model to predict overall survival (OS) in cervical cancer (CC).

Methods: A total of 13,592 CC patient records were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2000 and 2020. These patients were randomized with a 7:3 ratio into a training cohort (TC, n = 9,514) and an internal validation cohort (IVC, n = 4,078).

Transition of BMI Status From Childhood to Adulthood and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome in Midlife: A 36-Year Cohort Study.

Objective: We investigated the associations between BMI transitions from childhood to adulthood and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome and its components in midlife.

Research Design And Methods: Using data from the Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Study, 1,997 participants aged 6-18 years were followed for 36 years into midlife (mean age 48.12 years).

Roles of calcium alginate coating ferrous sulfide in promoting Pb, Zn, and Cd immobilization in the Pb/Zn smelter soil.

Alginate-modified ferrous sulfide (FeS) has received much attention in heavy metals (HMs) adsorption. However, whether calcium alginate (CA) could hinder FeS oxidation and promote HMs immobilization in Pb/Zn smelter soil, remains unclear. Herein, CA prolonged half-lives of S(-II) in CA-coated FeS (FeS-CA) by 92.

Interventional Treatment for Internal Carotid Artery Near-Occlusion with Different Distal Vessel Diameters.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment in patients with internal carotid artery near-occlusion accompanied by a distal vessel diameter of ≤2 mm.

Methods: Sixty-six patients who underwent endovascular treatment for internal carotid artery near-occlusion at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between February 2018 and November 2023 were divided into a full collapse group (distal vessel diameter ≤2 mm, n = 28) and a nonfull collapse group (distal vessel diameter >2 mm, n = 38). All patients received dual antiplatelet therapy before the procedure.

Discovery of glycerol phosphate and an immunogenic glycan motif in rhamnose-rich polysaccharides of Streptococcus uberis.

Streptococcus uberis is a causative pathogen of bovine mastitis with high genetic diversity. Rhamnose-rich polysaccharides (RPS) are abundant surface structures covalently anchored to peptidoglycan and represent promising vaccine candidates for several streptococcal pathogens. It was previously reported that the RPS of S.

Study on the physiological mechanism and molecular regulatory network of Blumea balsamifera in response to drought stress.

Drought restricts plant growth and agricultural production. As an important medicinal plant, Blumea balsamifera is sensitive to water, but there is still a lack of systematic research on its drought response mechanism. In this study, four-month-old B.

In situ stabilization of Cu for CO Electroreduction via Environmental-molecules-induced ZnO shield.

Electrochemical CO-to-ethanol conversion is challenged by sluggish C-C coupling kinetics and wide products distribution. Although Cu has been demonstrated to enhance multi-carbon (C) formation, the stabilization of Cu under reduction conditions is difficult. Here, we report a hydrogen-ethanol pretreatment strategy to obtain Cu nanoparticles covered by highly dispersed and disordered ZnO clusters.

[Distribution Characteristics of Soil Resistance Genes in Cotton Fields with Different Continuous Cropping Years].

With the continuous development of intensive agriculture， the crop rotation index has increased. Continuous planting of a single type of crop introduces specific environmental selective pressures that may lead to changes in the soil resistome. Therefore， investigating the composition and characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） and metal resistance genes （MRGs） in soil with different degrees of continuous cropping is of great significance for promoting the green development of agriculture.

Can Rhizosphere Effects Mitigate the Threat from Nanoplastics and Plastic Additives to Tomato ( L.)?

Nanoplastics (NPs) and plastic additives inevitably coexist to threaten soil health and plant growth. Herein, in a root-box system isolating the rhizosphere and bulk soils, we explored the combined effects of NPs and a kind of typical plastic additive di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) on soil health via combining the evidence from in situ zymography, the microbiome, and metabolism. The plastic additive dominated the risks of plastic pollution to plants, and the coexistence of NPs did not mitigate the DEHP threat to microorganisms and increased that to food safety.

Data-driven parallel linear controllers for reference tracking in nonlinear systems.

Reference tracking control for nonlinear systems presents significant challenges, particularly when system models are unavailable and real-time computation is required. We present a purely data-driven approach for reference tracking control, referred to as parallel linear controllers (PLIC), which leverages an architecture composed of two linear controllers operating concurrently in distinct dimensional spaces. These controllers are employed for inverse control and mismatch error compensation, respectively.

Strong Interaction between Two-Unit-Cell Heterostructure Layers Realigns Defect Energy Level for Methanol Photosynthesis.

The photocatalytic conversions of CO and HO offer a sustainable approach to provide methanol as a fuel and life-essential O. However, the reaction efficiency is challenged by charge recombination and sluggish reaction kinetics. This work synthesizes single-unit-cell MoS and organomanganese complex (MnBO) layers.

Exosomal POU5 F1 derived from TNBC promotes cancer progression by regulating M2 macrophage polarization via inhibiting TRAF6 ubiquitination and activating AKT in macrophage.

Exosomes are pivotal in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) development, and accumulating evidence underscores their potential as therapeutic targets and diagnostic indicators. In this study, we revealed a significant enrichment of the POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 (POU5F1) in TNBC cells-derived exosomes. Functionally, silencing endogenous POU5F1 in TNBC cells substantially inhibited their aggressive phenotypes.

Melanoproteins and melanin-like nanoparticles: Biological macromolecules for targeted cancer therapy and theranostic applications: A review.

Considering the increasing global burden of new cancer cases and mortality despite having new avenues open toward chemotherapy, there is a demand for more specific, effective, and safe treatment options for the management of cancer. Although nanoparticulate systems tackle several challenges of cancer treatment, uniquely engineered nanomaterials that can address one-for-all will be desirable. Melanin is a ubiquitous natural-colored pigment that exists in particulate form and has been explored as a biocompatible, biodegradable, safe, and tolerable biomaterial for drug delivery.

Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Diamide Insecticides in : Insights from Both Metabolic and Target-Site Resistance.

Tiorantraniliprole is a novel diamide insecticide, and the resistance level and mechanism of to tiorantraniliprole and the multiresistance mechanism with other diamide insecticides are still unknown. In this study, bioassays showed that field developed high and medium levels of resistance to tiorantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, and cyantraniliprole. Enzyme activity and synergist bioassay indicated that P450s was the main factor leading to metabolic resistance to tiorantraniliprole.

Gain of chromosome 17 is an early genetic abnormality in neuroblastoma with PPM1D emerging as a strong candidate oncogene driving tumor progression.

Segmental gain of chromosome 17q is the most common genetic aberration in high-risk neuroblastoma, but its role in disease progression is poorly understood. This study aims to address the contribution of 17q gain to neuroblastoma malignancy. We analyzed the genetic and transcriptional landscape of 417 neuroblastoma patients across various risk groups and clinical stages using multi-omic approaches.

Downregulation of carboxylesterase gene mediates resistance to indoxacarb in Spodoptera litura.

Carboxylesterases (CarEs) play a critical role in metabolic resistance to insecticides of insects. But fewer CarEs were associated with insecticide bioactivation in insects. Previous findings showed that four CarE genes were downregulated in the indoxacarb resistant populations of Spodoptera litura.

BAX as a Biomarker for Predicting Immunotherapeutic Efficacy in Uveal Melanoma Patients: A Comprehensive Analysis.

Uveal melanoma (UVM) is the second most common type of malignant melanoma occurring in the eye, which arises from the interstitial melanocytes in the uveal tract. This study aims to identify a highly efficient biomarker for the immunotherapy against UVM. Initially, a comprehensive analysis was conducted using the transcriptional and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database through the immune and stromal scores to assess the composition of infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.