The two-component system CpxAR controls biofilm formation by directly regulating the T3SS needle tip protein EseB in .

The type III secretion system (T3SS) translocon protein EseB (needle tip protein) forms filamentous appendages on the surface of to facilitate autoaggregation and biofilm formation. By contrast, another T3SS translocon protein EseC inhibits biofilm formation by sequestering EseC's chaperone EseE, which also functions as a positive regulator of the operon, in which EseB is encoded. The two-component system (TCS) EsrAB and the regulator EsrC tightly and positively regulate the T3SS in .

Acupuncture as adjunctive therapy for acute cerebral infarction: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is the second leading cause of death and the major cause of disability worldwide, and there is an increasing interest in non-pharmacological treatments. Acupuncture has promising effects on ACI, but its efficacy and safety need to be verified through well-designed randomized clinical trials. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as adjunctive therapy to improve neurological function in patients with ACI.

Divergence of alpine plant populations of three Gentianaceae species in the Qinling sky Island.

Background: Known for their unique biodiversity, the Qinling Mountains are considered the only area in which alpine biomes occur in central China. Given that the alpine biomes are particularly sensitive to global warming, understanding how alpine plants respond to climatic fluctuations is essential for the evolution and conservation of biodiversity. To address this issue, three alpine species of the Gentianaceae (Gentiana crassuloides, G.

Subjective learning gain from a simulation-based health management course: a mixed methods study.

Objectives: Simulations are increasingly being offered as part of the educational experience of healthcare students. We used a Health Management Scenario Simulation system to create a course. This study aimed to evaluate learning gains before and after the course.

Rampant intraspecific variation of plastid genomes in section .

Exploring the level of intraspecific diversity in taxa experienced radiation is helpful to understanding speciation and biodiversity assembly. section sensu lato encompasses more than 180 species and occupies more a half of species in the genus. In this study, we collected samples across the range of three species (, and ) in section s.

T3SS protein EsrC binds to the -like operator of type 1 fimbrial operon to suppress adhesion of .

Type 1 fimbria, the short hair-like appendage assembled on the bacterial surface, plays a pivotal role in adhesion and invasion in . The type III secretion system (T3SS), another bacterial surface appendage, facilitates 's replication by delivering effectors into host cells. Our previous research demonstrated that T3SS protein EseJ inhibits adhesion and invasion of by suppressing type 1 fimbria.

Cryptic diversity and rampant hybridization in annual gentians on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau revealed by population genomic analysis.

Understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes involved in population differentiation and speciation provides critical insights into biodiversity formation. In this study, we employed 29,865 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and complete plastomes to examine genomic divergence and hybridization in , which is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) region. Genetic clustering revealed that is characterized by geographic genetic structures with five clusters (West, East, Central, South and North).

Rehabilitation nursing after lower limb fracture: Preventing deep vein thrombosis and enhancing quality of life.

This study aimed to assess the preventive role of rehabilitation nursing in the formation of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower limbs after fracture and its effect on the patient's quality of life. Ninety patients with lower limb fractures were randomly divided into a study group (n = 45) and a control group (n = 45). Patients in the control group received routine care postoperatively, whereas patients in the study group received rehabilitation nursing intervention on the same postoperative day.

Hybridization and divergent climatic preferences drive divergence of two allopatric Gentiana species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Background And Aims: Exploring how species diverge is vital for understanding the drivers of speciation. Factors such as geographical separation and ecological selection, hybridization, polyploidization and shifts in mating system are all major mechanisms of plant speciation, but their contributions to divergence are rarely well understood. Here we test these mechanisms in two plant species, Gentiana lhassica and G.

Unraveling and characterization of novel T3SS effectors in .

Type III secretion system (T3SS) facilitates survival and replication of . Identifying novel T3SS effectors and elucidating their functions are critical in understanding the pathogenesis of T3SS effector EseG and EseJ was highly secreted when T3SS gatekeeper-containing protein complex EsaB-EsaL-EsaM was disrupted by EsaB deficiency. Based on this observation, concentrated secretomes of Δ strain and ΔΔ strain were purified by loading them into SDS-PAGE gel for a short electrophoresis to remove impurities prior to the in-the gel digestion and mass spectrometry.

Brain structural changes in preschool children with MRI-negative epilepsy.

Purpose: To investigate abnormalities in cortical and subcortical structures of the brain in preschool children with MRI-negative epilepsy.

Methods: Cortical thickness, cortical mean curvature, cortical surface area, cortical volume, and volumes of subcortical structures were measured using Freesurfer software in preschool children with epilepsy and age-matched controls.

Results: Findings showed cortical thickening in the left fusiform gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, right suborbital sulcus, and right gyrus rectus, and cortical thinning mainly in the parietal lobe of preschool children with epilepsy compared to controls.

Phytochemical and underlying mechanism of Mikania micrantha Kunth on antibiotic resistance genes, and pathogenic microbes during chicken manure composting.

Chicken manure is a source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pathogenic microbes. Mikania micrantha Kunth (MM) is an invasive plant containing phytochemicals as antimicrobial agents. To explore its impacts on ARGs and pathogen-host interactions (PHIs), MM was added to composting mixtures.

Strong plastid degradation is consistent within section , the most speciose lineage of .

Recovering phylogenetic relationships in lineages experiencing intense diversification has always been a persistent challenge in evolutionary studies, including in section sensu lato (s.l.).

Annual Herbaceous Plants Exhibit Altered Morphological Traits in Response to Altered Precipitation and Drought Patterns in Semiarid Sandy Grassland, Northern China.

The frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events and severe drought are predicted to increase in semiarid areas due to global climate change. Plant morphological traits can reflect plant responses to a changing environment, such as altered precipitation or drought patterns. In this study, we examined the response of morphological traits of root, stem, leaf and reproduction meristems of annual herbaceous species to altered precipitation and drought patterns in a semiarid sandy grassland.

Orf1B controls secretion of T3SS proteins and contributes to Edwardsiella piscicida adhesion to epithelial cells.

Edwardsiella piscicida is a Gram-negative enteric pathogen that causes hemorrhagic septicemia in fish. The type III secretion system (T3SS) is one of its two most important virulence islands. T3SS protein EseJ inhibits E.

Rapid Identification of Adulteration in Edible Vegetable Oils Based on Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Fingerprints.

Most current approaches applied for the essential identification of adulteration in edible vegetable oils are of limited practical benefit because they require long analysis times, professional training, and costly instrumentation. The present work addresses this issue by developing a novel simple, accurate, and rapid identification approach based on the magnetic resonance relaxation fingerprints obtained from low-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements of edible vegetable oils. The relaxation fingerprints obtained for six types of edible vegetable oil, including flaxseed oil, olive oil, soybean oil, corn oil, peanut oil, and sunflower oil, are demonstrated to have sufficiently unique characteristics to enable the identification of the individual types of oil in a sample.

The chromosome-scale genome assembly, annotation and evolution of Rhododendron henanense subsp. lingbaoense.

Rhododendron henanense subsp. lingbaoense (hereafter referred to as R. henanense) is an endemic species naturally distributed in the Henan province, China, with high horticultural, ornamental and medicinal value.

Natural bioactive compounds from marine fungi (2017-2020).

Secondary metabolites generated by marine fungi have relatively small molecular weights and excellent activities and have become an important source for developing drug lead compounds. The review summarizes the structures of novel small-molecule compounds derived from marine fungi in recent years; introduces representative monomers in antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-viral, and anti-neuritis aspects; and discusses their biological activities and molecular mechanisms. This review will act as a guide for further discovering marine-derived drugs with novel chemical structures and specific targeting mechanisms.

Lineage-specific plastid degradation in subtribe Gentianinae (Gentianaceae).

The structure and sequence of plastid genomes is highly conserved across most land plants, except for a minority of lineages that show gene loss and genome degradation. Understanding the early stages of plastome degradation may provide crucial insights into the repeatability and predictability of genomic evolutionary trends. We investigated these trends in subtribe Gentianinae of the Gentianaceae, which encompasses ca.

Identification and Characterization of EvpQ, a Novel T6SS Effector Encoded on a Mobile Genetic Element in .

In this study, a hypothetical protein (ORF02740) secreted by was identified. We renamed the ORF02740 protein as EvpQ, which is encoded by a mobile genetic element (MGE) in genome. The gene is spaced by 513 genes from type VI secretion system (T6SS) gene cluster.

Recurrent hybridization underlies the evolution of novelty in (Gentianaceae) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and adjacent areas are centres of diversity for several alpine groups. Although it is known that the QTP acted as a source area for diversification of the alpine genus , the evolutionary processes underlying diversity in this genus, especially the formation of narrow endemics, are still poorly understood. Hybridization has been proposed as a driver of plant endemism in the QTP but few cases have been documented with genetic data.

Migration sources and pathways of the pest species in Yunnan, China, and across the border inferred from DNA and wind analyses.

The migration sources and pathways of (Horváth) in topologically complex regions like Yunnan, China, and adjacent montane areas have long been a challenging task and a bottleneck in effective pest forecast and control. The present research reinvestigated this issue using a combination of mtDNA and long-term historical wind field data in an attempt to provide new insights. Genetic analyses showed that the 60 populations of collected across Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan lack genetic structure and geographic isolation, while spatial analysis of haplotype and diversity indices discovered geographic relevance between populations.