Designing pores to suppress crack generation at the interface between serpentine interconnects and elastomers for highly durable stretchable electronics.

Serpentine interconnects enable rigid materials to have high stretchability. They are considered to be very effective architectures to enable stretchable electronics. Therefore, research has primarily focused on exploring serpentine-based designs to enhance the stretchability of the interconnect itself.

Zero- to One-Dimensional Transformation in a Highly Porous Metal-Organic Framework to Enhance Physicochemical Properties.

The dynamic behaviors of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) continue to expand the accessible architectures and properties within this material class. However, the dynamic behaviors that can be studied in MOFs are limited to the transitions, preserving their high crystallinity. For this reason, their significant structural changes involving coordination bond breakage and rearrangement remain largely underexplored.

Comparative Study of Two Root Coverage Procedures for Localized Gingival Recessions on Lower Anterior Teeth Using Partially De-Epithelialized Connective Tissue Graft (PE-CTG) Aided by a High-Speed Handpiece: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

: Gingival recession is a common periodontal condition that can lead to aesthetic and functional problems if untreated, necessitating the development of effective root coverage techniques. The aim of this study was to compare two different root coverages for localized gingival recession on the lower anterior teeth using a partially de-epithelialized connective tissue graft (PE-CTG). : This study included 18 patients (20 teeth) with lower anterior tooth recession.

Single stranded 1D-helical Cu coordination polymer for ultra-sensitive ammonia sensing at room temperature.

With the increasing demand for ammonia applications, there is a significant focus on improving NH detection performance at room temperature. In this study, we introduce a groundbreaking NH gas sensor based on Cu(I)-based coordination polymers, featuring semiconducting, single stranded 1D-helical nanowires constructed from Cu-Cl and -methylthiourea (MTCP). The MTCP demonstrates an exceptional response to NH gas (>900% at 100 ppm) and superior selectivity at room temperature compared to current materials.

Downregulation of the silent potassium channel Kv8.1 increases motor neuron vulnerability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

While voltage-gated potassium channels have critical roles in controlling neuronal excitability, they also have non-ion-conducting functions. Kv8.1, encoded by the KCNV1 gene, is a 'silent' ion channel subunit whose biological role is complex since Kv8.

Nociceptor spontaneous activity is responsible for fragmenting non-rapid eye movement sleep in mouse models of neuropathic pain.

Spontaneous pain, a major complaint of patients with neuropathic pain, has eluded study because there is no reliable marker in either preclinical models or clinical studies. Here, we performed a comprehensive electroencephalogram/electromyogram analysis of sleep in several mouse models of chronic pain: neuropathic (spared nerve injury and chronic constriction injury), inflammatory (Freund's complete adjuvant and carrageenan, plantar incision) and chemical pain (capsaicin). We find that peripheral axonal injury drives fragmentation of sleep by increasing brief arousals from non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) without changing total sleep amount.

Accelerated Selective Li+ Transports Assisted by Microcrack-Free Anionic Network Polymer Membranes for Long Cyclable Lithium Metal Batteries.

Rechargeable Li metal batteries have the potential to meet the demands of high-energy density batteries for electric vehicles and grid-energy storage system applications. Achieving this goal, however, requires resolving not only safety concerns and a shortened battery cycle life arising from a combination of undesirable lithium dendrite and solid-electrolyte interphase formations. Here, a series of microcrack-free anionic network polymer membranes formed by a facile one-step click reaction are reported, displaying a high cation conductivity of 3.

Self-Mixed Biphasic Liquid Metal Composite with Ultra-High Stretchability and Strain-Insensitivity for Neuromorphic Circuits.

Neuromorphic circuits that can function under extreme deformations are important for various data-driven wearable and robotic applications. Herein, biphasic liquid metal particle (BMP) with unprecedented stretchability and strain-insensitivity (ΔR/R = 1.4@ 1200% strain) is developed to realize a stretchable neuromorphic circuit that mimics a spike-based biologic sensory system.

RNA-binding protein Nocte regulates Drosophila development by promoting translation reinitiation on mRNAs with long upstream open reading frames.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are linked to multiple human disorders, but their mechanisms of action remain unclear. Here, we report that one such protein, Nocte, is essential for Drosophila eye development by regulating a critical gene expression cascade at translational level. Knockout of nocte in flies leads to lethality, and its eye-specific depletion impairs eye size and morphology.

Shape memory in self-adapting colloidal crystals.

Reconfigurable, mechanically responsive crystalline materials are central components in many sensing, soft robotic, and energy conversion and storage devices. Crystalline materials can readily deform under various stimuli and the extent of recoverable deformation is highly dependent upon bond type. Indeed, for structures held together via simple electrostatic interactions, minimal deformations are tolerated.

Geometrically engineered rigid island array for stretchable electronics capable of withstanding various deformation modes.

Integration of rigid components in soft polymer matrix is considered as the most feasible architecture to enable stretchable electronics. However, a method of suppressing cracks at the interface between soft and rigid materials due to excessive and repetitive deformations of various types remains a formidable challenge. Here, we geometrically engineered Ferris wheel-shaped islands (FWIs) capable of effectively suppressing crack propagation at the interface under various deformation modes (stretching, twisting, poking, and crumpling).

Sym3DNet: Symmetric 3D Prior Network for Single-View 3D Reconstruction.

The three-dimensional (3D) symmetry shape plays a critical role in the reconstruction and recognition of 3D objects under occlusion or partial viewpoint observation. Symmetry structure prior is particularly useful in recovering missing or unseen parts of an object. In this work, we propose Sym3DNet for single-view 3D reconstruction, which employs a three-dimensional reflection symmetry structure prior of an object.

Nociceptor neurons promote IgE class switch in B cells.

Nociceptors, the high-threshold primary sensory neurons that trigger pain, interact with immune cells in the periphery to modulate innate immune responses. Whether they also participate in adaptive and humoral immunity is, however, not known. In this study, we probed if nociceptors have a role in distinct airway and skin models of allergic inflammation.

Effect of the Osteotomy Inclination Angle in the Sagittal Plane on the Posterior Tibial Slope of the Tibiofemoral Joint in Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy: Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Analysis.

The posterior tibial slope of the tibiofemoral joint changes after medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO), but little is known about the effect of the sagittal osteotomy inclination angle on the change in the posterior tibial slope of the tibiofemoral joint. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the osteotomy inclination angle in the sagittal plane on changes in the posterior tibial slope after MOWHTO by comparing how anterior and posterior inclination affect the posterior tibial slope of the tibiofemoral joint. The correlation between the osteotomy inclination angle and the postoperative posterior tibial slope angle was also assessed.

'Eye' of the molecule-a viewpoint.

If the twentieth century was the age of precisely designed molecules, the twenty-first century is beginning to look like the age of reticulated molecules. In the spirit of the meeting, we wish to highlight the power of harnessing the reticulated molecule and suggest that its chemistry can be furthered by viewing our reticular structures from the 'eye of the molecule'. To clarify what is meant by this term, we wish to first take stock of the current state of reticular chemistry.

Human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis excitability phenotype screen: Target discovery and validation.

Drug development is hampered by poor target selection. Phenotypic screens using neurons differentiated from patient stem cells offer the possibility to validate known and discover novel disease targets in an unbiased fashion. To identify targets for managing hyperexcitability, a pathological feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we design a multi-step screening funnel using patient-derived motor neurons.

Neuromorphic Processing of Pressure Signal Using Integrated Sensor-Synaptic Device Capable of Selective and Reversible Short- and Long-Term Plasticity Operation.

To mimic the tactile sensing properties of the human skin, signals from tactile sensors need to be processed in an efficient manner. The integration of the tactile sensor with a neuromorphic device can potentially address this issue, as the neuromorphic device has both signal processing and memory capability through which parallel and efficient processing of information is possible. In this article, an intelligent haptic perception device (IHPD) is presented that combines pressure sensing with an organic electrochemical transistor-based synaptic device into a simple device architecture.

Novel charged sodium and calcium channel inhibitor active against neurogenic inflammation.

Voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels in pain-initiating nociceptor neurons are attractive targets for new analgesics. We made a permanently charged cationic derivative of an N-type calcium channel-inhibitor. Unlike cationic derivatives of local anesthetic sodium channel blockers like QX-314, this cationic compound inhibited N-type calcium channels more effectively with extracellular than intracellular application.

Nanoparticle-Based Hybrid Scaffolds for Deciphering the Role of Multimodal Cues in Cardiac Tissue Engineering.

Myocardial microenvironment plays a decisive role in guiding the function and fate of cardiomyocytes, and engineering this extracellular niche holds great promise for cardiac tissue regeneration. Platforms utilizing hybrid hydrogels containing various types of conductive nanoparticles have been a critical tool for constructing engineered cardiac tissues with outstanding mechanical integrity and improved electrophysiological properties. However, there has been no attempt to directly compare the efficacy of these hybrid hydrogels and decipher the mechanisms behind how these platforms differentially regulate cardiomyocyte behavior.

A Cross-Linking Approach to Stabilizing Stimuli-Responsive Colloidal Crystals Engineered with DNA.

Two DNA-cross-linking reagents, bis-chloroethylnitrosourea and 8-methoxypsoralen, are used to covalently cross-link interstrand base pairs in DNA bonds that, in part, define colloidal crystals engineered with DNA. The irreversible linkages formed increase the chemical and thermal stability of the crystals and do not significantly affect their long-range order, as evidenced by small-angle X-ray scattering data. The post-modified crystals are stable in environments that the pre-modified structures are not, including solvents that encompass a broad range of polarities from ethanol to hexanes, and in aqueous media at pH 0 and 14.

Casting Nanoporous Platinum in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Nanocasting based on porous templates is a powerful strategy in accessing materials and structures that are difficult to form by bottom-up syntheses in a controlled fashion. A facile synthetic strategy for casting ordered, nanoporous platinum (NP-Pt) networks with a high degree of control by using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as templates is reported here. The Pt precursor is first infiltrated into zirconium-based MOFs and subsequently transformed to 3D metallic networks via a chemical reduction process.

Impact of Disordered Guest-Framework Interactions on the Crystallography of Metal-Organic Frameworks.

It is a general and common practice to carry out single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments at cryogenic temperatures in order to obtain high-resolution data. In this report, we show that this practice is not always applicable to metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), especially when these structures are highly porous. Specifically, two new MOFs are reported here, MOF-1004 and MOF-1005, for which the collection of the diffraction data at lower temperature (100 K) did not give data of sufficient quality to allow structure solution.