Physical activity for prevention of cardiovascular disease: consensus statement of Korean Society of Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease Prevention.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for effective preventive strategies. This consensus statement emphasizes the critical role of regular physical activity, including aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercises, in reducing key CVD risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and insulin resistance. Recommendations are provided for the general adult population as well as specific subgroups, including older adults, pregnant and postpartum women, individuals with CVD, and those with physical limitations.

Age and sex differences of cardiovascular and mortality risks in Korean type 2 diabetes and prediabetes: An 8 million Korean nationwide population-based cohort study.

Aims: This study aimed to examine the associations of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality outcomes in a population of 8 million Koreans.

Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance System database (2009-2019), 8,060,298 adults (≥30 years, no prior CVD) were followed for median 9.3 years.

Korean Cardiovascular Health Status Assessed by Life's Essential 8 in Korean Adult Population: Based on Data From the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2021.

Background And Objectives: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality globally and in South Korea. The American Heart Association (AHA) developed Life's Essential 8 (LE8) to evaluate cardiovascular health (CVH) through 8 metrics. However, LE8 has not been studied in the Korean population.

Income and Severe Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes.

Importance: Socioeconomic disparities are increasingly recognized as key factors in health outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes. Understanding how income level and its changes are associated with severe hypoglycemia risk may inform targeted interventions and policy decisions.

Objective: To evaluate the association between income level, including changes in income status, and the risk of severe hypoglycemia, and to assess whether this association varies across key subgroups in middle-aged adults.

Current Status of Delay in Injectable Therapy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in South Korea: Multicenter Retrospective Study (2015-2021).

Background: We aimed to assess the therapeutic inertia associated with injectable therapies and the factors influencing glycemic control following these therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in South Korea.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective cohort study included 2,598 T2DM patients aged 20 to 75 years from 10 referral medical centers in South Korea. These patients had been treated with three or four oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) and were subsequently initiated on insulin (n=1,942) or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs, n=656) between January 2015 and December 2021.

Baseline lung function and risk of incident tuberculosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background: While lung function is known to decrease after suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), little is known about whether baseline lung function is associated with the occurrence of TB in the general population. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of incident TB according to baseline lung function.

Methods: A nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using a database derived by cross-referencing Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and National Health Insurance Service between 2010 and 2016.

Older Adults with Diabetes in Korea: Latest Clinical and Epidemiologic Trends.

Backgruound: Diabetes in older adults is becoming a significant public burden to South Korea. However, a comprehensive understanding of epidemiologic trends and the detailed clinical characteristics of older adults with diabetes is lacking. Therefore, we evaluated epidemiologic trends and the metabolic and lifestyle characteristics of diabetes in Korean older adults.

Prevalence, Incidence, and Metabolic Characteristics of Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in South Korea (2010-2020).

Backgruound: This study aimed to examine trends in the prevalence, incidence, metabolic characteristics, and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among young adults in South Korea.

Methods: Young adults with T2DM were defined as individuals aged 19 to 39 years who met the diagnostic criteria for T2DM. Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Customized Database (2010-2020, n=225,497-372,726) were analyzed to evaluate trends in T2DM prevalence, incidence, metabolic profiles, comorbidities, and antidiabetic drug prescription.

Blood pressure levels and risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention: a nationwide population-based study.

We investigated the effect of differential blood pressure (BP) levels on future end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and established coronary artery disease with a previous record of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Using health check-up data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (2015-2016), we analyzed 80,187 T2DM patients with a history of PCI. Patients were categorized by BP levels measured: systolic BP < 120, 120-129 (reference), 130-139, 140-149, and ≥150 mmHg; diastolic BP < 70, 70-79 (reference), 80-89, and ≥90 mmHg.

Acromegaly and the risk of cancer: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea.

Introduction: Using a nationwide population-based cohort, we primarily investigated whether overall and site-specific cancer risks are increased in patients with acromegaly.

Patients And Methods: The study included 2382 patients with acromegaly and 11 910 controls aged above 20, from 2006 to 2016. Cox hazards regression analysis was used, adjusting for baseline covariates.

Cross-species transcriptomics translation reveals a role for the unfolded protein response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Numerous studies have identified similarities in blood transcriptomic signatures of tuberculosis (TB) phenotypes between mice and humans, including type 1 interferon production and innate immune cell activation. However, murine infection pathophysiology is distinct from human disease. We hypothesized that this is partly due to differences in the relative importance of biological pathways across species.

The Impact of Obesity on the Association between Parity and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Backgruound: Most studies focus solely on the relationship between parity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk, providing limited insights into other contributing or protective factors. This study aims to explore the complex relationship between parity and T2DM risk, considering additional factors such as obesity, race, and body composition.

Methods: This prospective cohort study used data from 242,159 women aged 40 to 69 from the UK Biobank, none of whom had T2DM at baseline.

Diabetes Fact Sheets in Korea 2024.

Backgruound: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, management, and comorbidities of diabetes mellitus among Korean adults.

Methods: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2022) were analyzed to assess the prevalence, treatment, risk factors, and comorbidities of diabetes. Comparisons between young and older adults with diabetes were emphasized.

Effect of smoking on the risk of gastrointestinal cancer after cholecystectomy: A national population-based cohort study.

Background: The role of smoking in the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) or gastric cancer (GC) in populations undergoing cholecystectomy has not been investigated.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of smoking on CRC or GC development in cholecystectomy patients.

Methods: A total of 174874 patients who underwent cholecystectomy between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2017 were identified using the Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database.

All-cause and cause-specific mortality risks in individuals with diabetes living alone: A large-scale population-based cohort study.

Aims: The rise in one-person households is a global trend. We aimed to investigate mortality risk in individuals with diabetes living alone (IDLA) using a large-scale population-based database.

Methods: A total of 2,447,557 adults with type 2 diabetes were identified from the Korean National Health Information Database.

The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) in the management of the hypertensive patient with metabolic syndrome: a position paper from the Korean society of hypertension.

Obesity is the one of the most important components of metabolic syndrome. Because obesity related hypertension accounts for two thirds of essential hypertension, managing obesity and metabolic syndrome is a crucial task in the management of hypertension. However, the current non-pharmacological therapies have limitations for achieving or maintaining ideal body weight.

Free energy calculations for membrane morphological transformations and insights to physical biology and oncology.

In this chapter, we aim to bridge basic molecular and cellular principles surrounding membrane curvature generation with rewiring of cellular signals in cancer through multiscale models. We describe a general framework that integrates signaling with other cellular functions like trafficking, cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, and motility. The guiding question in our approach is: how does a physical change in cell membrane configuration caused by external stimuli (including those by the extracellular microenvironment) alter trafficking, signaling and subsequent cell fate? We answer this question by constructing a modeling framework based on stochastic spatial continuum models of cell membrane deformations.

Asymmetric crowders and membrane morphology at the nexus of intracellular trafficking and oncology.

A definitive understanding of the interplay between protein binding/migration and membrane curvature evolution is emerging but needs further study. The mechanisms defining such phenomena are critical to intracellular transport and trafficking of proteins. Among trafficking modalities, exosomes have drawn attention in cancer research as these nano-sized naturally occurring vehicles are implicated in intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment, suppressing anti-tumor immunity and preparing the metastatic niche for progression.

Effect of Pravastatin on Kidney Function in Patients with Dyslipidemia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Several studies have reported that pravastatin can mitigate the progression of kidney disease, but limited evidence exists regarding its effects on kidney function in Asian patients. This multicenter prospective observational study aimed to assess the effect of pravastatin on kidney function in Korean patients with dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in clinical practice.

Methods: This 48-week prospective multicenter study included 2604 of 2997 eligible patients with dyslipidemia and T2DM who had available estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurements.