Different management and movement in the agricultural nutrient balances of Korea and the Netherlands: Highest nutrient surplus countries among OECD members.

Korea and the Netherlands historically developed highly fertilized cropping systems, resulting in the highest nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) surpluses among Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. However, their nutrient balances changed differently over the past three decades. The Netherlands reduced its N and P balances dramatically, from 328 to 166 kg ha and 35 to 4 kg ha, respectively, while Korea's balances remained unchanged with the highest levels in 2019 (230 kg N ha and 46 kg P ha).

Accelerated brain magnetic resonance imaging with deep learning reconstruction: a comparative study on image quality in pediatric neuroimaging.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial in pediatric radiology; however, the prolonged scan time is a major drawback that often requires sedation. Deep learning reconstruction (DLR) is a promising method for accelerating MRI acquisition.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical feasibility of accelerated brain MRI with DLR in pediatric neuroimaging, focusing on image quality compared to conventional MRI.

Pediatric Thyroid Nodules: K-TIRADS/ACR TI-RADS Pediatric-Specific Biopsy Cutoff Incorporating Clinical Risk Factors.

Background Pediatric thyroid nodules have a higher malignancy rate than adult nodules; yet, a pediatric-specific biopsy cutoff is lacking. Purpose To investigate the usefulness of repeat biopsy and a pediatric-specific biopsy cutoff incorporating risk factors to improve the diagnostic performance of the 2021 Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS) and American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS). Materials and Methods US images of biopsy-confirmed pediatric thyroid nodules obtained at Seoul National University Hospital between January 2010 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

Extract Attenuates Osteoarthritis Progression and .

Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage degradation and inflammation, occurs due to trauma caused by external stimuli or cartilage aging. is a red alga that belongs to the Porphyra family and is consumed as food in Asia, especially Korea, Japan, and China. contains various bioactive substances, including carotenoids, flavonoids, and vitamins, that exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-photoaging effects.

Retrospective Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a New Tanner-Whitehouse-Based Bone Age Assessment Algorithm Trained with a Deep Neural Network System.

: To develop an automated deep learning-based bone age prediction model using the Tanner-Whitehouse (TW3) method and evaluate its feasibility by comparing its performance with that of pediatric radiologists. : The hand and wrist radiographs of 560 Korean children and adolescents (280 female, 280 male, mean age 9.43 ± 2.

Comparison of Regulatory T-Cell Subpopulations in Antithymocytic Globulin Versus Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide for Preventing Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation-A Retrospective Study.

Antithymocytic globulin (ATG) and post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) are frequently used regimens for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. However, there is a lack of data about the difference in regulatory T-cell (Treg) subpopulations between these two regimens. Peripheral blood samples were collected on day +21 following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT), and the Treg subpopulations were analyzed using flow cytometry.

Post-transplant cyclophosphamide plus anti-thymocyte globulin decreased serum IL-6 levels when compared with post-transplant cyclophosphamide alone after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background: Post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) are common prophylactic strategies for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). Interleukin (IL)-6 is a surrogate marker for cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and acute GVHD.

Method: The clinical outcomes and complications of haplo-HSCT with PTCy plus ATG versus PTCy monotherapy were compared according to serum IL-6 levels at Chungnam National University Hospital (Daejeon, South Korea) from January 2019 to February 2023.

Enhancing Radiomics Reproducibility: Deep Learning-Based Harmonization of Abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) Images.

We assessed the feasibility of using deep learning-based image harmonization to improve the reproducibility of radiomics features in abdominal CT scans. In CT imaging, harmonization adjusts images from different institutions to ensure consistency despite variations in scanners and acquisition protocols. This process is essential because such differences can lead to variability in radiomics features, affecting reproducibility and accuracy.

Cerebellar hemorrhage in neonates: pattern analysis by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Cerebellar hemorrhage in neonates is increasingly being identified but is still underdiagnosed. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the optimal imaging modality for cerebellar hemorrhage evaluation, ultrasonography (US) is commonly used for screening. Characterizing the patterns and distribution of cerebellar hemorrhage lesions can help facilitate its detection by aiding to focus on prevailing type of cerebellar hemorrhage.

Portulaca oleracea Extract Ameliorates Testosterone Propionate-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a distressing health problem that can cause serious complications in aging men. Androgens are implicated in the causation of BPH. Portulaca oleracea (PO) is a natural product with diverse pharmacological effects.

Image characteristics of retained medullary cord in secondary neurulation arrest: an observational study.

Retained medullary cord (RMC) is a recently defined term denoting closed spinal dysraphism arising from the failure of regression in secondary neurulation. Despite the acknowledgment of this condition, there needs to be more literature elucidating the radiologic manifestations of RMC. This study aimed to describe the MR imaging findings of RMC.

Indian Almond ( Linn.) Leaf Extract Extends Lifespan by Improving Lipid Metabolism and Antioxidant Activity Dependent on AMPK Signaling Pathway in under High-Glucose-Diet Conditions.

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antiaging effects of Indian almond ( Linn.) leaf extract (TCE) on high-glucose (GLU)-induced obese . Since TCE contains high contents of flavonoids and phenolics, strong radical scavenging activity was confirmed in vitro.

Feasibility of a deep learning artificial intelligence model for the diagnosis of pediatric ileocolic intussusception with grayscale ultrasonography.

Purpose: This study explored the feasibility of utilizing a deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) model to detect ileocolic intussusception on grayscale ultrasound images.

Methods: This retrospective observational study incorporated ultrasound images of children who underwent emergency ultrasonography for suspected ileocolic intussusception. After excluding video clips, Doppler images, and annotated images, 40,765 images from two tertiary hospitals were included (positive-to-negative ratio: hospital A, 2,775:35,373; hospital B, 140:2,477).

Monitoring Posterior Cerebral Perfusion Changes With Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast-Enhanced Perfusion MRI After Anterior Revascularization Surgery in Pediatric Moyamoya Disease.

Objective: To determine whether dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSC) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to evaluate posterior cerebral circulation in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) who underwent anterior revascularization.

Materials And Methods: This study retrospectively included 73 patients with MMD who underwent DSC perfusion MRI (age, 12.2 ± 6.

Ultra-low-dose computed tomography with deep learning reconstruction for craniosynostosis at radiation doses comparable to skull radiographs: a pilot study.

Background: Craniofacial computed tomography (CT) is the diagnostic investigation of choice for craniosynostosis, but high radiation dose remains a concern.

Objective: To evaluate the image quality and diagnostic performance of an ultra-low-dose craniofacial CT protocol with deep learning reconstruction for diagnosis of craniosynostosis.

Materials And Methods: All children who underwent initial craniofacial CT for suspected craniosynostosis between September 2021 and September 2022 were included in the study.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis in pediatric patients with urinary tract infection: A feasibility study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN) in pediatric patients with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI).

Materials And Methods: Between March 2019 and January 2021, study participants with suspected UTI were assessed for APN using ultrasound. Parenchymal echogenicity changes, renal pelvis dilatation, and the presence of a focal suspected lesion were assessed using conventional grayscale ultrasound.

Identification and characterization of gut-associated lactic acid bacteria isolated from the bean bug, Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae).

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are beneficial bacteria for humans and animals. However, the characteristics and functions of LAB in insects remain unclear. Here, we isolated LAB from the gut of Riptortus pedestris, a pest that is a significant problem in soybean cultivation in Korea, and identified two Lactococcus lactis and one Enterococcus faecalis using matrix-associated laser desorption/ionization-time of flight and 16S rRNA analyses.

Usefulness of two-dimensional shear wave elastography in diagnosing hepatic veno-occlusive disease in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) in diagnosing hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) in pediatric patients.

Methods: This study retrospectively included pediatric patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) between November 2019 and January 2021. All 34 patients (8.

Deep Learning-Based Computed Tomography Image Standardization to Improve Generalizability of Deep Learning-Based Hepatic Segmentation.

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether image standardization using deep learning-based computed tomography (CT) image conversion would improve the performance of deep learning-based automated hepatic segmentation across various reconstruction methods.

Materials And Methods: We collected contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT of the abdomen that was obtained using various reconstruction methods, including filtered back projection, iterative reconstruction, optimum contrast, and monoenergetic images with 40, 60, and 80 keV. A deep learning based image conversion algorithm was developed to standardize the CT images using 142 CT examinations (128 for training and 14 for tuning).