Right patient to the right place: the impact of a 6-year regional trauma centre-led prehospital education programme on EMS triage and patient outcomes.

Background: In regional trauma systems, emergency medical service (EMS) providers play a crucial role by performing prehospital triage for severely injured patients and transporting them to regional trauma centres. Since 2016, a regional trauma centre has provided prehospital medical guidance to EMS providers through a trauma hotline, facilitated by a trauma surgeon, to guide field triage, treatment, and transport. This study analysed the effects and clinical outcomes of a regional trauma centre-led performance improvement programme that followed closed-loop principles for EMS providers.

Impact of Qualified Trauma Center Implementation on Mortality From Severe Trauma in Korea: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The Korean government and experts initiated a national trauma system development project in 2012. Its first major initiative was establishing and operating regional trauma centers across the country. We assessed whether the severity-adjusted mortality rates were lower in trauma centers compared with non-trauma centers and the specific benefits of trauma centers for patients with trauma.

Trends in Preventable Trauma Death Rates in Korea: A Follow-up Study of the Trauma System's Performance.

Background: The preventable trauma death rate (PTDR) is a key measure of trauma system performance. This study, the fourth follow-up since the implementation of trauma centers in South Korea, aimed to evaluate trends in PTDR and assess the mid-term performance of the trauma system. The study utilized consistent methods with previous analyses to ensure comparability and continuity.

Development and Validation of a Korean Trauma and Injury Severity Score (K-TRISS) Model for Predicting Trauma Outcomes.

Background: Since the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) was first developed in 1987, it has been widely used to predict trauma outcomes. However, numerous attempts have been made to adjust coefficients or develop new prediction models, as TRISS may not align with the local conditions. This study aimed to develop a Korean-TRISS (K-TRISS) model suitable for the Korean population.

Undertriage of Severe Geriatric Trauma Patients: Who Are We Missing?

Purpose: Geriatric trauma patients have unique risk factors for being undertriaged, which differ from those in young trauma patients. This study aimed to identify these risk factors and their implications for public health stakeholders and trauma surgeons to improve prehospital triage of geriatric trauma patients.

Materials And Methods: Data were retrospectively reviewed from single level-1 trauma center database in patients aged ≥65 years, with Injury Severity Score (ISS) >15 between 2016 and 2020.

Regioselective double dehydrative cyclization route to construct polyheterocyclic skeletons consisting of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1)-ones and 1,2-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-]pyrazines.

The Sc(OTf)-catalyzed reaction of 2-aminobenzamide with -substituted pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde proceeded well to give a tetracyclic skeleton consisting of dihydroquinazolin-4-one and 1,2-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-]pyrazine regioselective double cyclodehydrations where two heterocyclic rings (quinazolinone and pyrazine) were sequentially constructed through the formation of three C-N bonds.

Ketamine versus etomidate for rapid sequence intubation in patients with trauma: a retrospective study in a level 1 trauma center in Korea.

Background: Ketamine and etomidate are commonly used as sedatives in rapid sequence intubation (RSI). However, there is no consensus on which agent should be favored when treating patients with trauma. This study aimed to compare the effects of ketamine and etomidate on first-pass success and outcomes of patients with trauma after RSI-facilitated emergency intubation.

Trauma system establishment and outcome improvement: a retrospective national cohort study in South Korea.

Background: Trauma is a major cause of mortality, disability, and health care costs worldwide. The establishment of a trauma system is known to solve these problems, but few studies have objectively evaluated the impact of a trauma system on outcomes. Since 2012, South Korea has established a national trauma system based on the implementation of 17 regional trauma centers nationwide and the improvement of the prehospital transfer system.

National Follow-up Survey of Preventable Trauma Death Rate in Korea.

Background: The preventable trauma death rate survey is a basic tool for the quality management of trauma treatment because it is a method that can intuitively evaluate the level of national trauma treatment. We conducted this study as a national biennial follow-up survey project and report the results of the review of the 2019 trauma death data in Korea.

Methods: From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, of a total of 8,482 trauma deaths throughout the country, 1,692 were sampled from 279 emergency medical institutions in Korea.

Clinical outcomes of targeted therapies in elderly patients aged ≥ 80 years with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Background: The 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy combined with oxaliplatin or irinotecan is usually used in colorectal cancer (CRC). The addition of a targeted agent (TA) to this combination chemotherapy is currently the standard treatment for metastatic CRC. However, the efficacy and safety of combination chemotherapy for metastatic CRC in patients aged above 80 years has yet to be established.

Lenalidomide for anemia correction in lower-risk del(5q) myelodysplastic syndrome patients of Asian ethnicity.

Background: To estimate real-world outcomes in East Asian populations, we conducted a nationwide retrospective analysis of the efficacy and safety of lenalidomide for del(5q) myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients with transfusion-dependent anemia in Korea.

Methods: Patients aged ≥19 years who had received lenalidomide for the treatment of lower-risk, red blood cell (RBC) transfusion-dependent del(5q) MDS were selected. A filled case report form (CRF) with information from electronic medical records was requested from members of the acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/MDS Working Party of the Korean Society of Hematology.

An Evaluation of the Effect of Performance Improvement and Patient Safety Program Implemented in a New Regional Trauma Center of Korea.

Background: This study examined the impact of the performance improvement and patient safety (PIPS) program implemented in 2015 on outcomes for trauma patients in a regional trauma center established by a government-led project for a national trauma system in Korea.

Methods: The PIPS program was based on guidelines by the World Health Organization and American College of Surgeons. The corrective strategies were proceeded according to the loop closure principle: data-gathering and monitoring, identification of preventable trauma deaths (PTDs), evaluation of preventable factors, analysis of findings, and corrective action plans.

Polymicrobial Interactions Induce Multidrug Tolerance in Through Energy Depletion.

is responsible for a high number of relapsing infections, which are often mediated by the protective nature of biofilms. Polymicrobial biofilms appear to be more tolerant to antibiotic treatment, however, the underlying mechanisms for this remain unclear. Polymicrobial biofilm and planktonic cultures formed by and are 10- to 100-fold more tolerant to oxacillin, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, delafloxacin, and rifampicin compared to monocultures of .

Attenuated FOLFIRINOX in the salvage treatment of gemcitabine-refractory advanced pancreatic cancer: a phase II study.

Background: Combination therapy with oxaliplatin, irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFIRINOX) chemotherapy drastically improves survival of advanced pancreatic cancer patients. However, the efficacy of FOLFIRINOX as a second-line treatment after gemcitabine failure has not been tested prospectively. We investigated the feasibility and safety of attenuated FOLFIRINOX in patients with gemcitabine-refractory advanced pancreatic cancer.

Feasibility of Modified FOLFOX in Elderly Patients Aged ≥80 Years with Metastatic Gastric Cancer or Colorectal Cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a modified FOLFOX regimen as first-line treatment in elderly patients with metastatic gastric cancer (GC) or colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We included chemotherapy-naïve patients over 80 years old with metastatic GC or CRC in our study. From September 2008 to November 2014, 28 consecutive patients were enrolled and treated with modified FOLFOX.

Recurrent renal cell carcinoma manifesting as a large intrathoracic fibrotic mass: A case report.

Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have a strong tendency to metastasize, and the most common sites are the lungs, bones and liver. Late recurrence is another feature of the RCC, with lesions appearing ≥10 years after surgical treatment. However, fibrosis has rarely been associated with the disease.

Occult gastric cancer with distant metastasis proven by random gastric biopsy.

Krukenberg tumor, a rare metastatic ovarian tumor arising from gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma mainly, tends to occur in premenopausal females. Finding the origin of a Krukenberg tumor is crucial for determining prognosis. In Eastern countries, the most common origin of Krukenberg tumor is stomach cancer, which is generally diagnosed via endoscopic biopsy to investigate an abnormal mucosal lesion.

Effects of Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Meta-Analysis.

The use of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasing, but the effect of RRT on ECMO is controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to determine whether RRT is related to higher mortality in patients receiving ECMO. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and KoreaMed and found 43 observational studies with 21,624 patients receiving ECMO and then compared inpatient mortality rates of patients receiving ECMO both with and without RRT.

The efficacy of low-dose transdermal fentanyl in opioid-naïve cancer patients with moderate-to-severe pain.

Background/aims: Little is known about the efficacy of low-dose transdermal fentanyl (TDF) patches in opioid-naïve patients with moderate-to-severe cancer pain.

Methods: This study had an open-label, prospective design, and was conducted between April 2007 and February 2009 in seven tertiary cancer hospitals; 98 patients were enrolled. TDF was started using a low-dose formulation (12.

Bleomycin-induced flagellate erythema: A case report and review of the literature.

Bleomycin has been used most commonly in the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma, certain germ cell tumors (GCT) and for the sclerosis of recurrent pleural effusions. Bleomycin toxicity predominantly affects the skin and lungs. Skin toxicity includes Raynaud's phenomenon, hyperkeratosis, nail-bed changes and palmoplantar desquamation.

Comparison between concurrent and sequential chemoradiation for non-small cell lung cancer .

Current practice guidelines recommend the combination of chemotherapy and thoracic radiation for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previous meta-analyses have shown that concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) may be superior to sequential chemoradiation (SCRT). However, few previous studies have analyzed these two treatment schedules.

Efficacy and feasibility of gemcitabine and carboplatin as first-line chemotherapy in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Although platinum-based chemotherapy is a standard first-line treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), further research for the safety and efficacy of combination chemotherapy in elderly patients has been required. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine and carboplatin as first-line treatment in elderly patients with advanced NSCLC and to evaluate the prognostic factors.

Methods: Eligibility included: (1) age of 70 years or more, (2) histologically confirmed NSCLC, (3) chemotherapy-naïve, (4) advanced disease with stage IIIB or IV, (5) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0-2, (6) adequate organ function.

Randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase II trial of simvastatin and gemcitabine in advanced pancreatic cancer patients.

Background: Statins have potential antineoplastic properties via arrest of cell-cycle progression and induction of apoptosis. A previous study demonstrated in vitro and in vivo antineoplastic synergism between statins and gemcitabine. The present randomized, double-blinded, phase II trial compared the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine plus simvastatin (GS) with those of gemcitabine plus placebo (GP) in patients with locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer.