Establishing consensus recommendations for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer in South Korea: A modified Delphi study.

Purpose: Consensus is lacking among South Korean urologists on the appropriate treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). A modified, Delphi-based consensus on managing mHSPC patients was developed to support clinical decision-making.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six questions on mHSPC treatment were developed by an expert committee (five urologists).

Enhancement of inter-/intra-reader agreement using the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 for prostate cancer detection in magnetic resonance imaging/transrectal ultrasound software fusion prostate biopsy.

Purpose: This study evaluated inter-/intra-reader agreement with the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2.1 to improve the detection rate of prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 210 patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) for clinically suspected or diagnosed prostate cancer.

EGFL7 Inhibits the Immune Response in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer by Deactivating Endothelial Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1.

Purpose: Epidermal growth factor-like 7 (EGFL7) has been implicated in various cancers, but its role in different stages of prostate cancer (PCa), particularly metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the biological function of EGFL7 and its association with immune regulation in PCa.

Materials And Methods: We quantified EGFL7 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) levels in serum and prostate tissue specimens from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), localized PCa, and mCRPC.

High-Mass Loading Nickel-Rich Cathode Electrode Design Incorporating Multidimensional Carbon Conductive Additives to Minimize Ohmic Contact Resistance for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries serve as a key technology, establishing the advancement of energy storage devices and playing a vital role in the global shift toward sustainable and green energy. However, the growing demand for high capacity nickel (Ni)-rich lithium-ion batteries accelerates the optimization of their energy density. A high-mass loading electrode design is a promising strategy for enhancing the energy density of LIBs, enabling the improved performance for commercial applications.

Real-World Comparison of Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone Versus Ixazomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: KMM2004 Study.

Background: Lenalidomide-based triplet regimens, specifically carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (KRd) and ixazomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (IRd), are recognized as effective treatments for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Since 2020, South Korea's National Health Insurance Service has covered these combinations, prompting a need for real-world comparisons of their efficacy and safety.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 182 RRMM patients treated with KRd (112) or IRd (70) at 17 South Korean centers from May 2020 to April 2021 was conducted.

The impact of a bacterial lysate on composition of the lung microbiota in a mouse model of asthma exposed to titanium dioxide as one of air pollutants.

Environmental microbes have been linked to both beneficial and harmful effects on the lungs in relation to asthma. The aim of our study was to characterize the bacterial microbiome in lung samples from a mouse model of asthma exposed to titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles, and the effect of OM-85 Broncho-Vaxom®, a bacterial lysate on lung microbiome in mice. The mice were divided randomly into four groups of 6-8 mice per group.

Technological advances in visualizing and rewiring microtubules during plant development.

Microtubules are crucial regulators of plant development and are organized by a suite of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) that can rapidly remodel the array in response to varied cues. This complexity has inspired countless studies into microtubule function from the subcellular to tissue scale, revealing an ever-increasing number of microtubule-dependent processes. Developing a comprehensive understanding of how local microtubule configuration, dynamicity, and remodeling drive developmental progression requires new approaches to capture and alter microtubule behavior.

Sarcopenia attenuates the efficacy of PEGylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in preventing febrile neutropenia.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model integrating sarcopenia, PEGylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-G-CSF) administration, and conventional risk factors to predict febrile neutropenia (FN) and grade 4 neutropenia (G4 NP) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with R-CHOP.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 305 patients was analyzed. FN and G4 NP incidence rates after the first cycle were assessed along with predictors of these toxicities using multivariable logistic regression.

Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Energy, Concentrations of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy, and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Fed Bakery Meal and Biscuit Meal with Multi-Enzyme.

A total of eight ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) barrows with an initial body weight (BW) of 33.06 ± 1.16 kg were placed in metabolism crates.

Development of an Alginate Gel Composite with Antibacterial Properties Capable of Binding Calcium-Based Residual Stone Fragments in Endoscopic Stone Surgery.

Complete removal of urinary stones remains a challenge, as residual fragments can contribute to recurrence and postoperative urinary tract infections. This study presents an initial laboratory investigation into the development of an alginate gel composite designed to bind calcium-based stone remnants and exhibit antibacterial properties. To evaluate gel formation, calcium oxalate powder reagent and sodium alginate (SA) powder reagent were mixed in a Becker glass and stirred on a hot plate.

Heat Stress in Growing-Finishing Pigs: Effects of Low Protein with Increased Crystalline Amino Acids on Growth, Gut Health, Antioxidant Status and Microbiome.

A total of sixty crossbred ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) pigs with an initial body weight of 46.34 ± 0.13 kg were randomly assigned to four treatments under thermoneutral (TN, 22 °C) or heat-stress (HS, 31 °C) conditions for 54 d trial (Phase 1: 0-26 d; Phase 2: 27-54 d): a control diet (16% CP in phase 1, 14% CP in phase 2) under TN (PC), a control diet under HS (NC), a low crude protein (LCP) diet (14% CP in phase 1, 12% CP in phase 2) under HS (LCP) and an LCP diet with increased crystalline AA (an increase in 5% in Lys, Met, Thr and Trp based on calculated SID AA) (LCP5) under HS.

Flexural Behavior of Thin Concrete Slabs Reinforced with Surface Embossed Grid-Type Carbon-Fiber Composites.

Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) are being increasingly used to replace rebars as reinforcements for concrete. In this study, the flexural behavior of one-way concrete slabs reinforced with a grid-type carbon FRP (CFRP) (carbon grid), in the form of strands with embossed surfaces, was experimentally investigated. The experimental variables included the effective depth, number of carbon grid layers, and concrete compressive strength.

Tensile Behavior Assessment of Grid-Type CFRP Textile-Reinforced Mortar with Different Design Variables.

This study investigates the tensile behavior of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) under various design variables to enhance understanding and application in construction structures. TRM reinforced with CFRP grids is highly effective for strengthening existing structures due to its lightweight nature, durability, ease of installation, and corrosion resistance. The research aims to evaluate how design parameters such as the CFRP grid type, mortar matrix strength (influenced by the water-to-cement ratio), specimen length, and grid width affect TRM's mechanical properties.

Evaluation of the Flexural Behavior of One-Way Slabs by the Amount of Carbon Grid Manufactured by Adhesive Bonding.

Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs), which are resistant to corrosion, are used as reinforcement material for concrete. However, the flexural behavior of concrete members reinforced with FRPs can vary depending on the properties of FRPs. In this study, the flexural behavior of one-way concrete slab specimens reinforced with a new grid-type carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) (carbon grid) manufactured by bonding pultruded CFRP strands to an adhesive was investigated.

Redefining YAP1 in small cell lung cancer: shifting from a dominant subtype marker to a favorable prognostic indicator.

Background: Molecular and transcription factor subtyping were recently introduced to identify patients with unique clinical features in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, its prognostic relevance is yet to be established. This study aims to investigate the clinical implications and prognostic significance of transcription factor subtyping in SCLC using immunohistochemistry.

Understanding the Carbon Additive/Sulfide Solid Electrolyte Interface in Nickel-Rich Cathode Composites and Prioritizing the Corresponding Interplay between the Electrical and Ionic Conductive Networks to Enhance All-Solid-State-Battery Rate Capability.

All-solid-state lithium batteries, including sulfide electrolytes and nickel-rich layered oxide cathode materials, promise safer electrochemical energy storage with high gravimetric and volumetric densities. However, the poor electrical conductivity of the active material results in the requirement for additional conducive additives, which tend to react negatively with the sulfide electrolyte. The fundamental scientific principle uncovered through this work is simple and suggests that the electrical network benefits associated with the introduction of short-length carbons will eventually be overpowered by the increase in bulk resistance associated with their instability in the sulfide electrolyte.

Detection of sow pregnancy in day-20 urine samples using monoclonal antibody against synthesized porcine early pregnancy factor: Preliminary results.

Early diagnosis of pregnancy is directly related to cost-effective livestock production. We produced a rat monoclonal antibody (mAb) against synthesized porcine early pregnancy factor (pEPF) using conventional hybridoma technology and used it as a tool for the detection of early pregnancy in Duroc sows. The rat pEPF-mAb showed reactivity to uterine tissues of pregnant sows 20 or 30 days post-mating (day 0 defined as the day of mating) and non-pregnant sows (confirmed signs of estrus) in western blotting.

Lipocalin-2 as a prognostic biomarker and its association with systemic inflammation in small cell lung cancer.

Background: Systemic inflammation is believed to contribute to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) progression, but the underlying relationship remains unclear. Lipocalin-2, a potential biomarker of inflammation, has been implicated in various cancers but its prognostic value in SCLC is underexplored.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 191 patients with SCLC (72 with limited-stage [LD] and 119 with extensive-stage) treated using platinum-based chemotherapy.

Design and validation of a wearable dynamometry system for knee extension-flexion torque measurement.

Muscle strength assessments are vital in rehabilitation, orthopedics, and sports medicine. However, current methods used in clinical settings, such as manual muscle testing and hand-held dynamometers, often lack reliability, and isokinetic dynamometers (IKD), while reliable, are not easily portable. The aim of this study was to design and validate a wearable dynamometry system with high accessibility, accuracy, and reliability, and to validate the device.