Outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with combined severe traumatic brain injury and abdominal trauma: a retrospective observational study.

Purpose: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. Approximately one-third to one-half of cases of TBI are associated with severe extracranial injuries, particularly abdominal trauma. This combination is associated with high mortality rates.

Right patient to the right place: the impact of a 6-year regional trauma centre-led prehospital education programme on EMS triage and patient outcomes.

Background: In regional trauma systems, emergency medical service (EMS) providers play a crucial role by performing prehospital triage for severely injured patients and transporting them to regional trauma centres. Since 2016, a regional trauma centre has provided prehospital medical guidance to EMS providers through a trauma hotline, facilitated by a trauma surgeon, to guide field triage, treatment, and transport. This study analysed the effects and clinical outcomes of a regional trauma centre-led performance improvement programme that followed closed-loop principles for EMS providers.

Impact of Qualified Trauma Center Implementation on Mortality From Severe Trauma in Korea: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The Korean government and experts initiated a national trauma system development project in 2012. Its first major initiative was establishing and operating regional trauma centers across the country. We assessed whether the severity-adjusted mortality rates were lower in trauma centers compared with non-trauma centers and the specific benefits of trauma centers for patients with trauma.

Toward Standardized Massive Transfusion Protocols: A Multicenter Evaluation of Practice Variability Within a National Trauma System.

: Hemorrhage remains a leading cause of early mortality in trauma patients, and timely transfusion guided by a structured massive transfusion protocol (MTP) is critical for improving outcomes. Although regional trauma centers have been established, standardized MTPs remain insufficiently developed in many settings. This study aimed to evaluate current MTP practices across five major trauma centers within a national trauma care system.

Trends in Preventable Trauma Death Rates in Korea: A Follow-up Study of the Trauma System's Performance.

Background: The preventable trauma death rate (PTDR) is a key measure of trauma system performance. This study, the fourth follow-up since the implementation of trauma centers in South Korea, aimed to evaluate trends in PTDR and assess the mid-term performance of the trauma system. The study utilized consistent methods with previous analyses to ensure comparability and continuity.

Development and Validation of a Korean Trauma and Injury Severity Score (K-TRISS) Model for Predicting Trauma Outcomes.

Background: Since the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) was first developed in 1987, it has been widely used to predict trauma outcomes. However, numerous attempts have been made to adjust coefficients or develop new prediction models, as TRISS may not align with the local conditions. This study aimed to develop a Korean-TRISS (K-TRISS) model suitable for the Korean population.

Undertriage of Severe Geriatric Trauma Patients: Who Are We Missing?

Purpose: Geriatric trauma patients have unique risk factors for being undertriaged, which differ from those in young trauma patients. This study aimed to identify these risk factors and their implications for public health stakeholders and trauma surgeons to improve prehospital triage of geriatric trauma patients.

Materials And Methods: Data were retrospectively reviewed from single level-1 trauma center database in patients aged ≥65 years, with Injury Severity Score (ISS) >15 between 2016 and 2020.

Reflux Esophagitis.

Reflux esophagitis is a significant clinical manifestation of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and its prevalence is increasing because of lifestyle changes and increasing obesity. The diagnosis of GERD primarily emphasizes symptom-based approaches that focus on heartburn and acid regurgitation. GERD can be confirmed through proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy, endoscopy, and 24-hour impedance-pH monitoring.

Rapidly Growing Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor on the Esophagus.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that mainly occur in the stomach and small intestine; those arising in the esophagus are rarer. A 54-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a one-month history of dysphagia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), performed approximately five months earlier, had not revealed any specific findings.

Long-Term Outcomes and Risk Factors for Lymph Node Metastasis in Siewert Type II/III Early Gastric Cancer.

Objectives: The incidence of adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) and cardia has been gradually increasing in the East. Cancers of the EGJ and gastric cardia have poor prognoses. This study aimed to investigate lymph node metastasis (LNM) rates, their predictive factors, and determine the long-term outcomes of patients with Siewert type II/III early gastric cancer (EGC).

Appropriate cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration and predictors of return of spontaneous circulation in traumatic cardiac arrest.

Background: Despite advances in trauma care, traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) shows significantly poorer outcomes compared to non-traumatic cardiac arrest, with mortality rates exceeding 96%. However, no standardized protocol exists for appropriate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) duration in TCA. This study aimed to establish evidence-based CPR duration thresholds and identify factors associated with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in TCA patients.

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model for Early Prediction of Delirium in Intensive Care Units Using Continuous Physiological Data: Retrospective Study.

Background: Delirium in intensive care unit (ICU) patients poses a significant challenge, affecting patient outcomes and health care efficiency. Developing an accurate, real-time prediction model for delirium represents an advancement in critical care, addressing needs for timely intervention and resource optimization in ICUs.

Objective: We aimed to create a novel machine learning model for delirium prediction in ICU patients using only continuous physiological data.

Successful laparotomy for intra-abdominal hypertension following veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after severe thoracoabdominal trauma: a case report.

Veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is often used as a life-saving therapy for lung injuries; however, it presents challenges, including bleeding risks and potential reductions in ECMO flow. This case report details the intricate management of a 16-year-old boy who suffered severe thoracoabdominal trauma following a nine-floor fall. The patient sustained severe lung injury and damage to multiple solid organs, including liver lacerations, and was placed on VV-ECMO.

Conventional versus Instillation Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy for Severe Soft Tissue Injury in Open Pelvic Fractures: A Retrospective Review.

Purpose: We investigated the clinical features, current negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) management strategies, and outcomes of pelvic-perineal soft tissue infection after open pelvic fractures.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the data of patients admitted to our trauma center with pelvic-perineal soft tissue after open pelvic fractures over a 7-year period. We investigated the injury severity score (ISS), medical costs, number of NPWTs, time required to reach definite wound coverage, complications, fracture classifications, transfusion requirements, interventions, length of stay (LOS) in hospital and intensive care unit (ICU), and prognosis.

Comparison of three methods for generating the coccoid form of Helicobacter pylori and proteomic analysis.

Background: Helicobacter pylori changes from spiral to coccoid depending on the host state, environmental factors, and surrounding microbial communities. The coccoid form of H. pylori still maintains its complete cellular structure, retains virulence genes, and thus plays a role in pathogenicity.

Advanced Esophageal Endoscopy.

Recent advancements in endoscopy, including high-definition imaging, virtual chromoendoscopy, and optical magnification, have enhanced our ability to visualize and diagnose certain esophageal diseases. Innovative endoscopic tools and procedures have been developed to broaden the scope of therapeutic options for treating patients with various esophageal conditions. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the esophageal anatomy and major disorders from an endoscopist's perspective and explore recent advances in endoscopic treatment.

Treatment of a penetrating inferior vena cava injury using doctor-helicopter emergency medical service and direct-to-operating room resuscitation in Korea: a case report.

Inferior vena cava (IVC) injuries can have fatal outcomes and are associated with high mortality rates. Patients with IVC injuries require multiple procedures, including prehospital care, surgical techniques, and postoperative care. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman who stabbed herself in the abdomen with a knife, resulting in an infrarenal IVC injury.

Efficacy of Tegoprazan in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia: A Prospective, Multicenter, Single-arm Study.

Background/aims: Acid-suppressive drugs, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), are treatment options for functional dyspepsia (FD). However, the efficacy of potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) in treating FD has not yet been established. This prospective multicenter clinical trial-based study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of tegoprazan as a P-CAB treatment in patients with FD.

Direct gastric invasion from the liver metastasis of colorectal origin: A case report.

Rationale: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed worldwide. At the time of diagnosis of colorectal cancer, one of the most common metastatic sites is liver. Gastric metastasis from colorectal origin is rare.

[Long Term Clinical Outcomes of Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma: A Single Center Study].

Objectives: Few studies have reported long-term follow-up after treatment of gastric mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. In this single-center study, we investigated longterm treatment outcomes in patients diagnosed with gastric MALT lymphoma.

Methods: The study included 80 patients diagnosed with gastric MALT lymphoma, who were followed up at a single center between January 2005 and December 2019 after eradication therapy, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy.

Factors associated with gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: A multicenter case-control study.

Background And Aims: The incidence of gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (GNET and DNET, respectively) is increasing, however associated factors of these diseases are not well known. Here, we investigated the factors associated with GNET and DNET.

Methods: Patients with GNET and DNET presenting at eight tertiary referral centers between 2001 and 2020 were included and compared with healthy controls who underwent upper endoscopic screening.