Emotion Recognition in the Real-World: Passively Collecting and Estimating Emotions from Natural Speech Data of Individuals with Bipolar Disorder.

Emotions provide critical information regarding a person's health and well-being. Therefore, the ability to track emotion and patterns in emotion over time could provide new opportunities in measuring health longitudinally. This is of particular importance for individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), where emotion dysregulation is a hallmark symptom of increasing mood severity.

Development and validation of a short version of the Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictive Inventory (HAPPI): Measuring extreme appraisals of internal states and bipolar risk.

Backgrounds: Mood instability is often experienced by those with and at risk for bipolar disorders (BD). The Integrative Cognitive Model proposes that mood instability is linked to an individual's self-appraisals of current states and one's attempts to up or downregulate emotions. The Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictions Inventory (HAPPI-61) was developed to measure these appraisals.

Uncovering urgency in daily life: Testing a novel method for assessing emotion-impulsivity co-occurrence in momentary data.

Impulsivity is a personality trait with broad health implications. Urgency is a facet of impulsivity defined as the tendency to engage in rash action when experiencing strong emotions. Thus, as defined, urgency is a dynamic, if … then process.

Co-Occurring Bipolar and Substance Use Disorders: A Review of Impacts, Biopsychosocial Mechanisms, Assessment, and Treatment.

Individuals with bipolar disorder are at significant risk for having a co-occurring substance use disorder-particularly, alcohol and cannabis use disorders. Having a co-occurring substance use disorder is associated with a more pernicious clinical course, lower quality of life, and poorer treatment outcomes. Despite its increased morbidity, there is little research and clinical evidence-based guidelines on the treatment of individuals with co-occurring bipolar and substance use disorders.

Predictive evidence for the impact of personality styles on depression and functioning in two bipolar disorder cohorts.

Predictors for course of illness in bipolar disorder (BD) with replicable effect are difficult to identify. Potential predictors of outcomes for BD that could inform practice include personality traits, particularly Neuroticism. However, models typically fail to consider the joint effect of multiple personality traits.

Mood instability metrics to stratify individuals and measure outcomes in bipolar disorder.

Clinical care for bipolar disorder (BD) has a narrow focus on prevention and remission of episodes with pre/post treatment reductions in symptom severity as the 'gold standard' for outcomes in clinical trials and measurement-based care strategies. The study aim was to provide a innovative method for measuring outcomes in BD that has clinical utility and can stratify individuals with BD based on mood instability. Participants were 603 with a BD (n=385), other or non-affective disorder (n=71), or no psychiatric history (n=147) enrolled in an longitudinal cohort for at least 10 years that collects patient reported outcomes measures (PROMs) assessing depression, (hypo)mania, anxiety, and functioning every two months.

Bipolar disorder is characterized by chronotype instability: A longitudinal investigation of circadian typology and mood.

Background: Chronotype is associated with circadian rhythmicity, a core etiological factor underlying bipolar disorder (BD). Given converging evidence linking late chronotype with poor mental health, the goal of the present study was to examine chronotype (in)stability and its relation to mood symptoms over time.

Methods: Participants with BD I (n = 271), BD II (n = 88), and healthy controls (n = 217) were included (follow-up=10 years, Range=5-15) from the Prechter Longitudinal Study.

Association of Positive, Negative, and Disorganized Schizotypy With the Temporal Dynamics of Schizotypic Experiences in Daily Life.

Background And Hypothesis: Schizotypy is a useful and unifying construct for examining the etiology, development, and expression of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. The positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy dimensions are associated with distinct patterns of schizophrenia-spectrum symptoms and impairment. Furthermore, they are differentiated by mean levels of psychotic-like, suspicious, negative, and disorganized schizotypic experiences in daily life, and by temporal dynamics of affect.

Longitudinal Interplay Between Alcohol Use, Mood, and Functioning in Bipolar Spectrum Disorders.

Importance: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is present in nearly half of individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and is associated with markedly worsening outcomes. Yet, the concurrent treatment of BD and AUD remains neglected in both research and clinical care; characterizing their dynamic interplay is crucial in improving outcomes.

Objective: To characterize the longitudinal alcohol use patterns in BD and examine the temporal associations among alcohol use, mood, anxiety, and functioning over time.

An initial test of the contrast avoidance model in bipolar spectrum disorders.

The Contrast Avoidance Model suggests that individuals sensitive to negative emotional shifts use prior increases in negative affect to prevent further escalation in response to adverse situations, while the heightened negative affect amplifies positive emotional contrasts when encountering unexpected positive events. Individuals with bipolar spectrum disorders (BSDs), characterized by shifts between (hypo)manic and depressive episodes, may undergo more salient emotional contrasts. Drawing from the Contrast Avoidance Model, the shifts from depression to (hypo)mania can be conceptualized as positive emotional contrasts, potentially heightening the perceived pleasure during (hypo)manic episodes.

Longitudinal dynamics between anxiety and depression in bipolar spectrum disorders.

Anxiety and depression are common among individuals with bipolar spectrum disorders (BSDs), with anxiety being a risk factor for depression and vice versa. While the harmful effects of these symptoms are well recognized, their temporal dynamics have not been fully tested. To address this gap, our study investigated bidirectional relationships between anxiety and depression in individuals with BSDs using data from the Prechter Longitudinal Study of Bipolar Disorder, collected over an average of 11 years.

Alcohol use disorder conceptualizations and diagnoses reflect their sociopolitical context.

The present paper highlights how alcohol use disorder (AUD) conceptualizations and resulting diagnostic criteria have evolved over time in correspondence with interconnected sociopolitical influences in the United States. We highlight four illustrative examples of how DSM-defined alcoholism, abuse/dependence, and AUD have been influenced by sociopolitical factors. In doing so, we emphasize the importance of recognizing and understanding such sociopolitical factors in the application of AUD diagnoses.

Patterns of pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorder: A GBC survey.

Objectives: To understand treatment practices for bipolar disorders (BD), this study leveraged the Global Bipolar Cohort collaborative network to investigate pharmacotherapeutic treatment patterns in multiple cohorts of well-characterized individuals with BD in North America, Europe, and Australia.

Methods: Data on pharmacotherapy, demographics, diagnostic subtypes, and comorbidities were provided from each participating cohort. Individual site and regional pooled proportional meta-analyses with generalized linear mixed methods were conducted to identify prescription patterns.

Barriers to and facilitators of success for early and Mid-Career professionals focused on bipolar disorder: A global needs survey by the International Society for Bipolar Disorders.

Introduction: The International Society for Bipolar Disorders created the Early Mid-Career Committee (EMCC) to support career development of the next generation of researchers and clinicians specializing in bipolar disorder (BD). To develop new infrastructure and initiatives, the EMCC completed a Needs Survey of the current limitations and gaps that restrict recruitment and retention of researchers and clinicians focused on BD.

Methods: The EMCC Needs Survey was developed through an iterative process, relying on literature and content expertise of workgroup members.

Affective dynamics in daily life are differentially expressed in positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy.

Schizotypy and schizophrenia are associated with disruptions in the experience of affect. Temporal patterns of affect, or affective dynamics, offer unique information about the expression of multidimensional schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. The present study employed experience sampling methodology to examine affective intensity, inertia, variability, reactivity, and instability in positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy in nonclinically ascertained young adults ( = 275).