The Efficacy of Intrathecal Platelet-Rich Plasma Administration in Alleviation of Chronic Neuropathic Pain in Rat Model.

Chronic neuropathic pain (CNP), marked by various stinging sensations, frequently arises from lumbosacral disorders, where astrocytes in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) significantly contribute to its persistence. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment has shown regulatory effects on astrocytic activity in inflammatory and diabetic neuropathy, yet its impact on CNP remains unclear. This study investigates the potential of intrathecal PRP injections for mitigating CNP in a chronic compressed dorsal root ganglion (CCD) rat model.

Effects and molecular mechanisms of farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib on platelet activation.

Tipifarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, substantially protects against cardiovascular diseases and is currently undergoing clinical trials to treat various cancers. Platelets have a well-recognized role in the progression of cancer-associated cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the effect of tipifarnib on platelet function has not been studied thus far.

Corrigendum to "Profiles of aroma volatile components in textured vegetable proteins using headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry" [Curr. Res. Food Sci. 10 (2025) 100999].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.

Profiles of aroma volatile components in textured vegetable proteins using headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Textured vegetable protein (TVP) is a significant alternative to meat, with its primary raw materials being soybeans, peas, rice, and wheat proteins. While advancements in technology have successfully replicated the unique texture of meat in plant-based proteins, research on the aroma profiles of these key raw materials remains limited. The subtle differences in aroma between meat and meat substitutes are yet to be fully addressed.

Preventive effects of CMU on the progression of periodontitis in a rat model.

Background: Periodontitis is a widespread chronic inflammatory disease impacting 20-50% of the global population.

Methods: This study evaluated the effects of CMU (CMU) on preventing the progression of periodontitis in a rat model. Periodontitis was induced by injecting lipopolysaccharide into the palatal gingiva around the first and second maxillary molars.

Comprehensive characterization of platelet function in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism.

Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) leads to a hypercoagulable state and contributes to the risk of thromboembolic disease. Hypercoagulation in HAC occurs in both humans and dogs. Platelets play a major role in thrombosis and hemostasis, but no study has investigated platelet function in dogs with HAC.

YTHDF1 and YTHDC1 mA reader proteins regulate HTLV-1 and activity.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus responsible for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Regulation of viral gene expression plays a key role in viral persistence and pathogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this fine-tuned regulation remain poorly understood.

Molecular and Genetics Perspectives on Primary Adrenocortical Hyperfunction Disorders.

Adrenocortical disorders encompass a broad spectrum of conditions ranging from benign hyperplasia to malignant tumors, significantly disrupting hormone balance and causing a variety of clinical manifestations. By leveraging next-generation sequencing and in silico analyses, recent studies have uncovered the genetic and molecular pathways implicated in these transitions. In this review, we explored the molecular and genetic alterations in adrenocortical disorders, with a particular focus on the transitions from normal adrenal function to hyperfunction.

Distinct Role of GRK3 in Platelet Activation by Desensitization of G Protein-Coupled Receptors.

Many platelet agonists mediate their cellular effects through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to induce platelet activation, and GPCR kinases (GRKs) have been demonstrated to have crucial roles in most GPCR functions in other cell types. Here, we investigated the functional role of GRK3 and the molecular basis for the regulation of GPCR desensitization by GRK3 in platelets.We used mice lacking GRK3 as well as β-arrestin2, which has been shown to be important in GPCR function in platelets.

Case report: Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis in a cat with disseminated pancreatic adenocarcinoma of presumed ductal origin.

A 9-year-old, neutered male, domestic short-haired cat was referred for recurrent ascites of unknown etiology over a week. Physical examination revealed abdominal distension and ultrasonography revealed a large volume of ascites throughout the abdominal cavity; this was interpreted as modified transudate. The mesentery and abdominal fat were hyperechoic and edematous.

Single-molecule epitranscriptomic analysis of full-length HIV-1 RNAs reveals functional roles of site-specific mAs.

Although the significance of chemical modifications on RNA is acknowledged, the evolutionary benefits and specific roles in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) replication remain elusive. Most studies have provided only population-averaged values of modifications for fragmented RNAs at low resolution and have relied on indirect analyses of phenotypic effects by perturbing host effectors. Here we analysed chemical modifications on HIV-1 RNAs at the full-length, single RNA level and nucleotide resolution using direct RNA sequencing methods.

The Perspectives of Platelet Proteomics in Health and Disease.

Cardiovascular thromboembolic diseases and cancer continue to be a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Therefore, it is crucial to advance their diagnoses and treatment in the context of individualized medicine. However, the disease specificity of the currently available markers is limited.

Mapping mA Sites on HIV-1 RNA Using Oligonucleotide LC-MS/MS.

The biological significance of chemical modifications to the ribonucleic acid (RNA) of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) has been recognized. However, our understanding of the site-specific and context-dependent roles of these chemical modifications remains limited, primarily due to the absence of nucleotide-resolution mapping of modification sites. In this study, we present a method for achieving nucleotide-resolution mapping of chemical modification sites on HIV-1 RNA using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 in neuroinflammation of canine brains.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid mediator that is involved in multiple biological processes. The S1P/S1P receptor (S1PR) signaling pathway has an important role in the central nervous system. It contributes to physiologic cellular homeostasis and is also associated with neuroinflammation.

Case report: Fundic gland polyps caused by long-term omeprazole use in a Maltese dog.

Long-term use of proton-pump inhibitors can induce fundic gland polyps in the human stomach. However, this phenomenon has not been described in the veterinary literature. A 5-year-old intact female Maltese dog was referred to our hospital with chronic intermittent vomiting.

CD3-immunotoxin mediated depletion of T cells in lymphoid tissues of rhesus macaques.

Selective T-cell depletion prior to cell or organ transplantation is considered a preconditioning regimen to induce tolerance and immunosuppression. An immunotoxin consisting of a recombinant anti-CD3 antibody conjugated with diphtheria toxin was used to eliminate T-cells. It showed significant T-cell depletion activity in the peripheral blood and lymph nodes in animal models used in previous studies.

Expression of vitamin D receptor, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 in normal and inflamed canine pancreases.

Vitamin D plays a role in anti-inflammatory processes, and the alteration of its metabolism is associated with the inflammatory processes of pancreatitis. This study was performed to evaluate the expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the two major enzymes that regulate vitamin D metabolism, 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) and 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1), in the canine pancreas and to compare their degrees of immunoreactivity between normal and inflamed pancreases. Five normal and inflamed pancreatic tissues each were obtained from six dogs.

Case report: Evaluation of hindlimb ischemia using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in a cat with cardiogenic arterial thromboembolism.

A 12-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat weighing 6.7 kg presented with acute hindlimb paralysis and tachypnea. The femoral pulse was absent bilaterally.

Shedding Light on the Cell Biology of Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Biomedical Applications.

EVs are membranous subcellular structures originating from various cells, including platelets which consist of biomolecules that can modify the target cell's pathophysiological functions including inflammation, cell communication, coagulation, and metastasis. EVs, which are known to allow the transmission of a wide range of molecules between cells, are gaining popularity in the fields of subcellular treatment, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery. PEVs are the most abundant EVs in circulation, being produced by platelet activation, and are considered to have a significant role in coagulation.

Role of Prednisolone in Platelet Activation by Inhibiting TxA Generation through the Regulation of cPLA Phosphorylation.

Glucocorticoids have been commonly used in the treatment of inflammation and immune-mediated diseases in human beings and small animals such as cats and dogs. However, excessive use can lead to Cushing's syndrome along with several thrombotic and cardiovascular diseases. Although it is well-known that glucocorticoids exert a significant effect on coagulation, the effect of cortisol on platelet function is much less clear.

Abnormal Hyperphosphorylation of Tau in Canine Immune-mediated Meningoencephalitis.

Background/aim: Tau is a microtubule-associated protein involved in the assembly and stabilization of microtubules. In human medicine, hyperphosphorylation of tau is associated with microtubule instability and is considered to play a role in the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is an autoimmune neurological disease that shares many characteristics, including pathological mechanisms, with canine meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (MUE).

Antiplatelet Effect of Daphnetin Is Regulated by cPLA-Mediated Thromboxane A Generation in Mice.

Coumarin derivatives have been recognized for their antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, and daphnetin is one of the natural coumarin derivatives isolated from Nakai. Although the pharmacological value of daphnetin is well documented in diverse biological activities, its antithrombotic effect has not been studied to date. Here, we characterized the role and underlying mechanism of daphnetin in the regulation of platelet activation using murine platelets.

CD3e-immunotoxin spares CD62L Tregs and reshapes organ-specific T-cell composition by preferentially depleting CD3e T cells.

CD3-epsilon(CD3e) immunotoxins (IT), a promising precision reagent for various clinical conditions requiring effective depletion of T cells, often shows limited treatment efficacy for largely unknown reasons. Tissue-resident T cells that persist in peripheral tissues have been shown to play pivotal roles in local and systemic immunity, as well as transplant rejection, autoimmunity and cancers. The impact of CD3e-IT treatment on these local cells, however, remains poorly understood.

Therapeutic Efficacy of CMU and CMS1 on Allergic Inflammation Exacerbated by Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter in a Murine Asthma Model.

Background and Objectives: Diesel exhaust particulate matter (DEPM) is an air pollutant that is associated with asthma. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy of Weissella cibaria strains CMU (Chonnam Medical University) and CMS (Chonnam Medical School) 1, together with the drug Synatura, an anti-tussive expectorant, was investigated in a murine asthma model exacerbated by DEPM. Materials and Methods: BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) before intranasal challenge with OVA and DEPM.