Clinical Impact of TP53 Mutations in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Who Were Treated with Targeted Therapies or Immunotherapy.

Purpose: Tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) mutations are common in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We evaluated their clinical impact in patients treated with targeted agents or immunotherapy in the KCSG HN15-16 TRIUMPH trial.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with TP53 mutations in the TRIUMPH trial, a multicenter, biomarker-driven umbrella trial in Korea.

GNAO1: A Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene in Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis.

Background/aim: This study examined the role of GNAO1 as a potential tumor suppressor gene in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Materials And Methods: RNA-seq data analysis revealed a significant GNAO1 down-regulation in colon cancer tissues compared to normal colon tissues.

Results: GNAO1 over-expression in CRC cell lines inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and tumor formation both in vitro and in vivo.

Real-world outcomes of third-line immune checkpoint inhibitors versus irinotecan-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer: a Korean, multicenter study (KCSG ST22-06).

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) or irinotecan-based chemotherapy is frequently used after failure of second-line paclitaxel plus ramucirumab treatment for patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic advanced gastric cancer (AGC). This study aimed to compare the efficacy between ICI and irinotecan-based chemotherapy as third-line treatment in patients with AGC.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with AGC, whose third-line treatment started between July 2019 and June 2021 at 17 institutions in Korea.

Case mistaken for leukemia after mRNA COVID-19 vaccine administration: A case report.

Background: Following the global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), unlike other vaccines, COVID-19 vaccines were developed and commercialized in a relatively short period of time. The large-scale administration of this vaccine in a short time-period led to various unexpected side effects, including severe cytopenia and thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Despite many reports on adverse reactions, vaccination was necessary to prevent the spread of COVID-19; thus, it is essential to understand and discuss various cases of adverse reactions after vaccination.

Non-secretory multiple myeloma expressed as multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma with an endobronchial lesion mimicking metastatic cancer: A case report.

Background: Non-secretory multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare condition that accounts for only 3% of MM cases and is defined by normal serum and urine immunofixation and a normal serum free light chain ratio. Non-secretory MM with multiple extramedullary plasmacytomas derived from endobronchial lesions is extremely rare and can be misdiagnosed as metastasis of solid cancer.

Case Summary: A 36-year-old man presented with progressive facial swelling and nasal congestion with cough.

HspBP1 is a dual function regulatory protein that controls both DNA repair and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.

The Hsp70-binding protein 1 (HspBP1) belongs to a family of co-chaperones that regulate Hsp70 activity and whose biological significance is not well understood. In the present study, we show that when HspBP1 is either knocked down or overexpressed in BRCA1-proficient breast cancer cells, there were profound changes in tumorigenesis, including anchorage-independent cell growth in vitro and in tumor formation in xenograft models. However, HspBP1 did not affect tumorigenic properties in BRCA1-deficient breast cancer cells.

Pulmonary amyloidosis and multiple myeloma mimicking lymphoma in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome: A case report.

Background: Sjogren's syndrome (SS), which affect salivary gland function, is an autoimmune disease. SS may involve extraglandular organs. Approximately 10 to 20 percent of SS patients have clinically significant lung disease, but presentation of pulmonary amylodosis is extremly rare.

The association of genetic alterations with response rate in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia patients.

Genetic differences may be associated with the response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In this study, we identified genetic alterations between rapid and slow responders (BCR/ABL1 International Scale at 6 months: ≤0.1 % vs.

Ultra-deep sequencing mutation analysis of the BCR/ABL1 kinase domain in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia patients.

Ultra-deep sequencing detects low-frequency genetic mutations with high sensitivity. We used this approach to prospectively examine mutations in the BCR/ABL1 tyrosine kinase from patients with newly diagnosed, chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib. Between May 2013 and November 2014, 50 patients from 18 institutions were enrolled in the study.

Jagged-1 Expression Level Is Correlated With Recurrence of Stage III Colorectal Cancer in Patients Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background/aim: Previous reports have indicated that increased expression of Jagged-1 (JAG1) may predict chemotherapy response and poor prognosis for patients with recurrent or metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the clinical impact of JAG1 expression level in patients with CRC, including recurrence, especially in those diagnosed with lymph node-positive stage III CRC who underwent complete resection and appropriate adjuvant chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: All patients were enrolled through a retrospective chart review, and only those for whom the clinical course and all clinical information were adequately determined according to the inclusion criteria were selected for retrospective review through medical records.

Interstitial lung disease induced by the roots of : Three case reports.

Background: The roots of (AJN), called "Useul-puli," has been traditionally used to control pain and improve dysfunction in osteoarthritis patients in South Korea.

Case Summary: We described 3 patients diagnosed with herbal medicine induced interstitial lung disease after consuming boiled the roots of AJN. They were referred to our hospital because of the modified Medical Research Council grade 4 dyspnea.

Successful treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide in a hemodialysis-dependent patient: A case report.

Background: Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is recommended for patients who do not achieve molecular remission or who have molecular or morphologic relapse. However, there are no guidelines for adjusting ATO dosage in patients with severe renal failure or on dialysis. Herein, we report the successful treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in a patient on hemodialysis with ATO single agent and review the cases in literature.

Extremely rare case of successful treatment of metastatic ovarian undifferentiated carcinoma with high-dose combination cytotoxic chemotherapy: A case report.

Background: Ovarian undifferentiated carcinomas are significantly rare and have an aggressive clinical course. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment in early-stage ovarian undifferentiated carcinomas that has a favorable prognosis. In case of recurrent and metastatic disease, palliative chemotherapy is the only available treatment.

Clinical Significance of Jagged-1 Activated by APEX1 as a Chemoresistance Factor in Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Background/aim: We investigated the clinical role of the molecular targets, APEX1 and Jagged-1, and the Apex1 - Jagged-1 cascade in gastric cancer cells.

Materials And Methods: We used 6 human gastric cancer cell lines (SNU-1, SNU-5, SNU-16, NCI-N87, KATO- III and AGS), and demonstrated the chemosensitivity of APEX1 and Jagged-1 through the MTT assay and immunoblotting. Tumor growth was assayed following cisplatin and 5-FU treatment using a xenograft model injected with KATO-III cells.

Isolated peritoneal lymphomatosis defined as post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder after a liver transplant: A case report.

Background: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a fatal complication of solid organ transplantation or allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that is associated with immunosuppressive therapy. Potential manifestations are diverse, ranging from reactive lymphoid hyperplasia to high-grade lymphoma. PTLD is usually of B-cell origin and associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.

Evaluation and Clinical Significance of Jagged-1-activated Notch Signaling by APEX1 in Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common in the world and its prevalence is rapidly increasing. Jagged-1-activated Notch signaling by apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) promotes CRC, and high expression of Jagged-1 is associated with poor prognosis. However, its clinical implication is unknown.

Use of Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detecting Minimal Residual Disease: A Prospective Multi-Institutional Study.

Background/aim: Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) is an exact method of measuring nucleic acids. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate minimal residual disease (MRD) using ddPCR in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients.

Patients And Methods: Between May 2013 and November 2014, CML patients treated with nilotinib were enrolled in our study.

Bronchobiliary fistula after ramucirumab treatment for advanced gastric cancer: A case report.

Background: Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a rare disease characterized by an abnormal connection between the biliary system and bronchi. Traditional causes of BBF include trauma and infections, and more recent causes include malignancies and certain cancer treatments. Ramucirumab is an antivascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 monoclonal antibody, currently used as a second-line treatment for gastric cancer.

Inhibitory Effect of Sestrin 2 on Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrosis.

Hepatic fibrosis results from chronic liver injury and inflammatory responses. Sestrin 2 (Sesn2), an evolutionarily conserved antioxidant enzyme, reduces the severities of acute hepatitis and metabolic liver diseases. However, the role of Sesn2 in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis remains obscure.

A Rare Case of Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Idiopathic Primary Myelofibrosis.

BACKGROUND Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency resulting from the massive destruction of tumor cells after cytotoxic chemotherapy for chemosensitive malignancies with a high tumor burden. Its clinical manifestations include severe electrolyte disturbances, metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure secondary to urate deposition in the kidney, heart, and skeletal muscle, and nervous system dysfunction. We report an extremely rare case of spontaneous TLS (STLS) in idiopathic primary myelofibrosis (PMF).