Effect of social participation on the association between frailty and disability.

Objectives: To examine whether social participation affects the association between frailty and disability.

Methods: A baseline survey conducted from December 1 to 15, 2006, included 11,992 participants who were classified based on the Kihon Checklist into three categories and based on the number of activities in which they socially participated into four categories. The study outcome, incident functional disability, was defined as in Long-Term Care Insurance certification.

High Mortality in an Older Japanese Population with Low Forced Vital Capacity and Gender-Dependent Potential Impact of Muscle Strength: Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Generally, weak muscle power is associated with high mortality. We aimed to evaluate the unknown association between % predicted value forced vital capacity (FVC% predicted) and mortality in asymptomatic older people, and the impact of muscle power on this association. We analyzed the Tsurugaya cohort that enrolled Japanese people aged ≥70 for 15 years with Cox proportional hazards model.

Association between Body Mass Index and Risk of Gastric Cancer by Anatomic and Histologic Subtypes in Over 500,000 East and Southeast Asian Cohort Participants.

Background: This study was performed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and gastric cancer in East and Southeast Asia where most of gastric cancer is non-cardia gastric cancer.

Methods: On the basis of 8,997 gastric cancer cases among the Asia Cohort Consortium participants from China, Japan, Korea, and Singapore (N = 538,835), we assessed gastric cancer risk according to BMI by calculating hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.

Results: A U-shaped associations between BMI and gastric cancer risk were observed.

Japanese Diet and Mortality, Disability, and Dementia: Evidence from the Ohsaki Cohort Study.

The Japanese dietary pattern has long been discussed as one of the factors behind the longevity of Japanese people. However, the health benefits of the Japanese dietary pattern have not been fully elucidated. We published the first report in the world regarding the relation between the Japanese dietary pattern and cardiovascular disease mortality in 2007 using cohort studies including Japanese residents of Ohsaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.

How Long Would You Like to Live? A 25-year Prospective Observation of the Association Between Desired Longevity and Mortality.

Background: Desired longevity represents how strongly people esteem possible extensions of their own lifetime. The association between desired longevity and mortality risk has been reported in only one prospective study, which examined a small sample of older participants. We aimed to examine the hypothesis that desired longevity at middle-age predicted long-term survival.

Dairy intake and incident functional disability among older Japanese adults: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study.

Purpose: Previous studies have investigated the association between dairy intake and functional disability, but their results were inconsistent. Our study aimed to investigate whether dairy intake may protect against incident functional disability among Japanese older adults.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal analysis of dairy intake with incident functional disability in a prospective cohort study of 11,911 Japanese individuals aged ≥ 65 years who were followed up for 8.

Relationship between maximum occlusal force and gastrointestinal cancer in community-dwelling older Japanese adults.

Globally, the cancer burden is expected to increase as populations are ageing. Therefore, cancer prevention among older age groups is important. This prospective cohort study examined the relationship between the number of remaining teeth, maximum occlusal force, and incidence of gastrointestinal cancer in community-dwelling older Japanese individuals using data from the Tsurugaya project; 847 participants were included.

Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium.

Although previous meta-analyses have suggested a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and thyroid cancer risk, limited evidence has been presented about Asian populations. To assess this association among Asian populations, where underweight is more prevalent than in other regions, a pooled analysis from the Asia Cohort Consortium was conducted. Baseline height and weight were measured in five cohorts and self-reported in eight cohorts.

Association between number of remaining teeth and healthy aging in Japanese older people: The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study.

Aim: Maintaining ≥20 teeth is a public health goal worldwide. Healthy aging, which includes psychological and social well-being, as well as physical indicators, has attracted a great deal of attention with the progression of aging societies. However, no studies have examined the association between the number of remaining teeth and healthy aging.

Association of dairy intake with all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality in Japanese adults: a 25-year population-based cohort.

Purpose: The association between dairy intake and mortality remains uncertain, and evidence for the Japanese population is scarce. We aimed to investigate the association between dairy intake and all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Japanese adults.

Methods: A total of 34,161 participants (16,565 men and 17,596 women) aged 40-64 years without a history of cancer, myocardial infarction, or stroke at baseline were included in the analysis, using data from the Miyagi Cohort Study initiated in 1990.

Association of Sleep Duration With All- and Major-Cause Mortality Among Adults in Japan, China, Singapore, and Korea.

Importance: The association between long sleep duration and mortality appears stronger in East Asian populations than in North American or European populations.

Objectives: To assess the sex-specific association between sleep duration and all-cause and major-cause mortality in a pooled longitudinal cohort and to stratify the association by age and body mass index.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study of individual-level data from 9 cohorts in the Asia Cohort Consortium was performed from January 1, 1984, to December 31, 2002.

Social Participation and Healthy Aging Among the Older Japanese: The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study.

Background: Our study examined the association between social participation and healthy aging using a community-based cohort study among Japanese older adults.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Ohsaki City, Japan, and included 7226 participants aged ≥65 years at the baseline survey in 2006. We obtained information on frequency of participation in 3 types of community activities (ie, neighborhood activities, hobbies, and volunteer activities) at baseline.

Association Between Social Participation and Disability-free Life Expectancy in Japanese Older People: The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study.

Background: Although social participation has been reported to be associated with significantly lower risks of mortality and disability, to our knowledge, no study has estimated its impact on disability-free life expectancy (DFLE). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between social participation and DFLE in community-dwelling older people.

Methods: We analyzed 11-year follow-up data from a cohort study of 11,982 Japanese older adults (age ≥65 years) in 2006.

Relationship Between Oral Health and Fractures in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between poor oral health and the incidence of fall-related fractures in older Japanese individuals.

Design: A 9-year prospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: Participants comprised 937 community-dwelling older Japanese adults aged 70 years or older.

Association Between Long-term Weight Change Since Midlife and Risk of Incident Disabling Dementia Among Elderly Japanese: The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study.

Background: Both weight loss and cognitive impairment are common in late-life, but it remains unknown whether weight change is associated with risk of incident dementia among elderly Japanese. Our study aimed to investigate the association between long-term weight change since midlife and risk of incident disabling dementia using a community-based cohort study of elderly Japanese.

Methods: In 2006, we conducted a cohort study of 6,672 disability-free Japanese adults aged ≥65 years.

Changes in a specific dietary pattern and incident dementia: A prospective cohort study.

Background & Aims: Previous studies have reported that the Japanese diet is associated with a lower risk of dementia; however, whether changes in adherence to the Japanese diet affects incident dementia remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between long-term changes in adherence to the Japanese diet and risk of incident dementia among older Japanese individuals.

Methods: We collected dietary information from community-dwelling older individuals living in Ohsaki city, Japan using a validated 39-item food frequency questionnaire in 1994 and 2006.