Platelet factor 4 and stromal cell-derived factor are novel prognostic biomarkers for cerebral vasospasm and mortality after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a life-threatening condition associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, mainly due to post-hemorrhagic complications such as cerebral vasospasm (CVS) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Recent evidence implicates platelet activation and inflammatory mediators in the cascade of secondary injury following aSAH. Monitoring and timely treatment of post-SAH complications is critical to improve clinical outcomes.

Clinical and radiological outcome after microsurgical management of ruptured and unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations.

The treatment of unruptured & ruptured AVMs remains controversial. Microsurgical resection of the AVM offers the higher cure rate, but the associated morbidity and mortality may exceed that of the AVM's natural history. Single center retrospective cohort study of 120 consecutive patients harboring intracranial AVM operated on between January 2010 and June 2023.

Maternal body mass index is related to fetal uptake of glucose and oxygen via fetal insulin resistance rather than fetal glucose levels.

Maternal obesity significantly impacts fetal growth and is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the specific influence of maternal metabolic status on fetal metabolism and growth in healthy pregnancies is poorly understood. This study investigates the hypothesis that pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) correlates with increased fetal insulin resistance, subsequently affecting fetal glucose and oxygen uptake-key determinants of growth.

Zirconium-based MOFs as pH-responsive drug delivery systems: encapsulation and release profiles of ciprofloxacin.

As antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to rise, the need for improved antibiotic delivery systems is urgent to prevent overexposure from systemic administration. To address this clinical trial, metal-organic frameworks have developed as promising contender for regulated drug release. In this study, ciprofloxacin (CIP) was encapsulated into two zirconium-based MOFs (ZrMOF-1 and Zr-MOF-2), synthesized a previously reported solvothermal method.

Review of treatment modalities and clinical outcome of giant saccular posterior cerebral artery aneurysms.

Introduction: Giant saccular posterior cerebral artery (PCA) aneurysms are rare lesions carrying significant morbidity due to mass effect and present therapeutic challenges, mainly due to the challenging approach required for aneurysm obliteration.

Research Question: To review treatment modalities and outcomes of patients harboring giant (>2.5 cm) PCA saccular aneurysms distal to the basilar bifurcation.

Retraction notice to "Societal knowledge, attitude, and practices towards dengue and associated factors in epidemic-hit areas: Geoinformation assisted empirical evidence" [Heliyon 10 (2024) e23151].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Response of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase Genes' Expression in 'Feizixiao' Litchi Pulp to Foliar Nutrient Treatment of Calcium-Magnesium Mixed Solution and Their Regulation of Sugar Transformation.

Previous studies have shown that foliar spraying with a 0.3% CaCl + 0.3% MgCl solution can mitigate the "sugar receding" phenomenon in fruit pulp, partly by regulating sugar conversion in the pulp of 'Feizixiao' litchi ( Sonn.

Placental hexokinase activity is related to fetal blood flow distribution in a cross-sectional study of healthy human pregnancies at term.

Objective: Given that placental hexokinase is a key enzyme in glucose metabolism, we hypothesized that placental hexokinase activity is related to fetal blood flow distribution in healthy pregnancies with scheduled cesarean delivery at term.

Methods: We included sixty-seven healthy pregnant women at term. Blood flow in the maternal uterine artery, umbilical vein, and ductus venosus was measured by Doppler ultrasound.

Attaining the Promise of Geminivirus-Based Vectors in Plant Genome Editing.

Over the last 40 years, several studies have provided evidence demonstrating that viral vectors can result in effective gene targeting/insertions in a host's genome. The traditional approaches of gene knock-down, -out, or -in involve an intensive transgenesis process that is plagued by extensive timescales. Plant viruses have the potential to target specific genes and integrate exogenous DNA molecules at the target locus.

Enhanced cadmium binding ability in response to novel modifications in a Paramecium cadmium metallothionein PMCd1.

Metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight cysteine rich proteins involved in detoxification of heavy metals. They are synthesized in response to metal exposure and can bind to various metals, thus reducing their toxicity and providing protection against oxidative stress. MTs are considered to be efficient bioremediators of heavy metal contaminated industrial wastewater.

Plant genome editing goes viral.

In a recent study, Weiss et al. presented an RNA virus-based system that transmits the compact genome editor TnpB into Arabidopsis thaliana, resulting in transgene-free and heritable modifications. This innovation transforms DNA delivery methods in plant biotechnology, providing a more straightforward, scalable, and regulatory-compliant approach to genome engineering.

Interactive impacts of heat stress and microplastics contamination on the growth and biochemical response of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays) plants.

The increasing global temperatures, driven largely by anthropogenic activities, pose a significant threat to crops worldwide, with heat stress (HS) emerging as one of the most severe challenges to agricultural productivity. Among the numerous human-induced pressures threatening terrestrial ecosystems globally, microplastics (MPs) represent one of the most persistent and urgent concerns. This study investigated the effects of heat stress (HS) at 35 °C and 40 °C (12 h exposure) on wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays) grown in soil contaminated with polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs; 0.

Vitamin C in Sepsis: Exploring Its Role in Modulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.

Background Despite improvements in medical treatment, sepsis remains a deadly illness with high fatality rates that is characterized by excessive inflammation and oxidative stress. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of vitamin C supplementation on inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and clinical outcomes in sepsis patients. Methodology A prospective observational study was conducted over one year at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, including 326 adult sepsis cases meeting the Sepsis-3 criteria.

Review of treatment modalities and clinical outcome of giant saccular posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms.

Introduction: Giant posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms are rare lesions carrying significant morbidity due to mass effect and present therapeutic challenges due to proximity to critical neurovascular structures.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature review through the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines to identify cases of giant PICA aneurysms treated either microsurgically or by endovascular means. Patients' demographics, aneurysm size, preoperative and postoperative neurologic status, clinical outcomes as well as follow-up information were retrieved.

Sirtuin 2 inhibitor AGK2 exerts antiviral effects by inducing epigenetic suppression of hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA through recruitment of repressive histone lysine methyltransferases and reduction of cccDNA.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be a global health concern because current treatments such as interferon-α and nucleos(t)ide analogs cannot fully eliminate the virus due to persistence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and integrated HBV DNA. Earlier research suggests that AGK2, a selective SIRT2 inhibitor, suppresses HBV replication by modifying key signaling pathways. This study aimed to further explore the anti-HBV effects of AKG2, particularly its effects on the epigenetic landscape of cccDNA.

A modified surgical approach to induce circle Willis perforation in mice using the common carotid artery.

The Circle of Willis perforation (cWp) mouse model is widely used in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) research but involves sacrificing the external carotid artery (ECA), which may have a potential affect on the hemodynamic in the carotid arteries and cortical perfusion. We propose a modified approach using needle puncture via the common carotid artery (CCA) to preserve carotid vascular integrity. Twenty-seven C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into three groups and underwent cWp surgery in three procedures: sham (n = 3), ECA (n = 12), and CCA (n = 12).

Mitosis detection and classification for breast cancer diagnosis: What we know and what is next.

Breast cancer is the second most deadly malignancy in women, behind lung cancer. Despite significant improvements in medical research, breast cancer is still accurately diagnosed with histological analysis. During this procedure, pathologists examine a physical sample for the presence of mitotic cells, or dividing cells.

Stroke aftercare in Germany: findings from an online survey in the outpatient setting of a neurovascular network.

The evidence-based acute treatment of stroke patients in Germany is carried out according to standardized algorithms in more than 300 certified stroke units, and its quality is repeatedly assured by the German Stroke Society (DSG) and others. However, nationally structured and uniform stroke aftercare programs are missing, despite evidence that they contribute to the success of rehabilitation and improvement of everyday life. We used a 27-item online questionnaire, which was mailed to 4,195 outpatient physicians in the catchment area of the neurovascular network Neurovascular Network North Rhine plus (NEVANO+) located in the western part of Germany to assess actual structures of stroke aftercare, identify barriers, and possible solutions.

Nanosponge-Encapsulated Polyoxometalates: Unveiling the Multi-Faceted Potential Against Cancers and Metastases Through Comprehensive Preparation, Characterization, and Computational Exploration.

: This study examined the fabrication and characterization of nanosponges (NS) laden with polyoxometalates (TiWCo) with the intention of targeting malignancy. : By employing the emulsion solvent diffusion technique, TiWCo-NS were generated by combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ethyl cellulose (EC) in different concentrations. : A significant numerical results encompassed a hydrodynamic particle diameter of 109.

Assessing the Impact of Pre-surgical Delay on Extradural Hematoma Outcomes.

Background: Extradural hematoma (EDH) is a life-threatening neurosurgical emergency, with timely surgical intervention critical to preventing neurological deterioration and improving patient outcomes. Delays in surgical treatment are a persistent concern, yet the specific impact of pre-surgical delays on clinical outcomes in EDH patients remains underexplored.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of pre-surgical delay duration on clinical outcomes in patients with EDH, specifically examining survival rates, neurological status, and recovery outcomes.

Investigating the structural and functional snapshots of Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase through protein engineering strategies.

Alpha-amylases are essential enzymes that cleave α-1,4-glycosidic bonds in starch, generating products such as glucose, maltose, dextrin's, and oligosaccharides, which play a key role in various industries. The structural and functional insights, along with biochemical dynamics, of Bacillus licheniformis α-amylase variants (BLAMWSP and BLAMCD) were investigated through N- and C-terminal truncations along with two previously reported mutations, Thr353Ile and His400Arg. MD simulation results demonstrated the stability of binding and catalytic residues as predicted through molecular docking.

Immunological assessment of NSFu1: A novel fusion molecule constructed from structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 for improving COVID-19 antibody detection.

The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has claimed millions of lives and caused significant clinical challenges. The availability of a rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive test to detect antibodies at different stages of COVID-19 is crucial for effective clinical management, epidemiological studies, and public health surveillance. Four novel peptides (SF1, SF2, SF4, SF6) and two multi-epitope fusion proteins (SFu1 and NSFu1) from less variable regions of the spike and nucleocapsid proteins were developed.

Recent perspectives on biotechnological production, modulation and applications of glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterases.

Organophosphate (OP) compounds have been extensively employed as pesticides, insecticides and nerve agents. Stockpiles of chemical warfare agents must be destroyed as recommended by Chemical Weapon Convention (CWC). Toxicity of OP compounds to insects and mammals is due to their ability to inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase.