Assessment of biochar filter application in improving chromium stress tolerance and plant physiology in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) under a flow-through water setup.

Background: With the increasing use of industrial wastewater for irrigation and the growing prevalence of heavy metal contamination in soils, chromium (Cr) pollution poses a significant threat to crop safety, particularly in industrially concentrated regions. Although biochar has been widely applied in soil remediation, its potential use as a real-time filtration medium in dynamic hydroponic systems remains largely unexplored. To address this gap, the present study investigated the efficacy of different biochar concentrations (0.

Virulence Characterization of f. sp. in China in 2020 Using Wheat Single-Gene Lines.

Wheat stripe (yellow) rust, caused by the fungus f. sp. (), is one of the most threatening wheat diseases worldwide.

Health risks associated with occupational contaminants of heavy metals across different professions.

People in various occupations are chronically exposed to a wide range of workplace pollutants that affect overall health. Among these, certain heavy metals pose a risk even at low concentrations over prolonged exposure. This study aims to examine the health effects of specific heavy metals with chronic exposure in different occupational groups within the Pakistani population.

Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Zirconia Nanoparticles Using Extract: A Sustainable Approach to Enhancing Chinese Cabbage Growth and Remediating Chromium-Contaminated Soil.

Chromium (Cr) contamination poses severe risks to plant health and soil quality, requiring sustainable remediation methods. This study explored the synthesis of zirconia nanoparticles (PF-ZrO NPs) from extract and assessed their potential to alleviate Cr toxicity in Chinese cabbage ( var. pekinensis).

Microbial Enzymes in Industrial Biotechnology: Sources, Production, and Significant Applications of Lipases.

Unlabelled: The variety of microorganisms represents the most prevalent sources utilized within diverse industries and research fields. Enzymes with microorganisms are applied in the use of industrial biotechnology. Since the dawn of civilization, there are techniques like extraction and fermentation that use plant or bacterial enzymes as well as other byproducts.

Molecular Ni Complexes as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for O Evolution and Urea Electro-Oxidation Reaction.

Developing resilient and robust electrocatalysts devoid of noble metals is vital for facilitating the generation of O/H from water electrolysis, particularly in catalyzing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and urea oxidation reaction (UOR), respectively. Nickel-based catalysts have attracted as part of global efforts to produce hydrogen from urea-rich wastewater due to their high reaction rates and favorable long-term stability. Two new mononuclear Ni-embedded complexes, namely, [CHNiNO] (Complex 1) and [CHNiFNO] (Complex 2), are explored as a bifunctional catalyst for the OER and UOR herein.

A comprehensive review on microbial production and significant applications of multifunctional biomolecules: biosurfactants.

Microorganisms are very well known potential sources of many novel metabolites and biosurfactants (green molecules). Biosurfactants are biobased molecules which are synthesized by bacteria, yeasts, fungi and actinomycetes. These biomolecules have emerged as multifunctional biomolecules of the 21st century due to their remarkable functional properties like low toxicity, enhanced effectiveness, selectivity, stability, high biodegradability and eco-friendly nature.

Conv-MTD: A CNN Based Multi-Label Medical Tubes Detection and Classification Model to Facilitate Resource-constrained Point-of-care Devices.

Computer-aided detection through deep learning is becoming a prevalent approach across various fields, including detection of anomalies in medical procedures. One such medical procedure involves the placement of medical tubes to provide nutrition or other medical procedures in critically ill patients. Medical tube placement can be highly complex and prone to subjective errors.

Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) attack detection in SDN using Optimizer-equipped CNN-MLP.

Software-Defined Networks (SDN) provides more control and network operation over a network infrastructure as an emerging and revolutionary paradigm in networking. Operating the many network applications and preserving the network services and functions, the SDN controller is regarded as the operating system of the SDN-based network architecture. The SDN has several security problems because of its intricate design, even with all its amazing features.

Influence of drought stress on phosphorus dynamics and maize growth in tropical ecosystems.

Drought has a significant impact on ecosystem functions, especially on the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus (P), which is a crucial nutrient for plant growth and productivity. Despite its importance, the effects of different drought scenarios on soil P cycling and availability remain poorly understood in previous studies. This study simulated drought conditions in tropical soils using maize as a test crop under varying field capacity (FC) levels (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%) over a 60-day pot experiment.

Integrative approaches to improve litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) plant health using bio-transformations and entomopathogenic fungi.

Bio-transformations refer to the chemical modifications made by an organism on a chemical compound that often involves the interaction of plants with microbes to alter the chemical composition of soil or plant. Integrating bio-transformations and entomopathogenic fungi into litchi cultivation can enhance symbiotic relationships, microbial enzymatic activity in rhizosphere, disease suppression and promote overall plant health. The integration of biological formulations and entomopathogenic fungi can significantly influence growth, nutrient dynamics, physiology, and rhizosphere microbiome of air-layered litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.

Design and Development of Sustainable Cu (II)- and Mn (III)-Embedded Bifunctional Electrocatalysts: Enhanced Hydrogen and Oxygen Generation.

Nowadays, environmentally friendly, low-cost-effective, and sustainable electrocatalysts used widely for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions have come into the limelight as a new research topic for scientists. This study highlights the preparation of two unique and symmetrical dinuclear Cu (II) and Mn (III) bifunctional catalysts by a facile simple slow evaporation and diffusion route. [CHCuFNO] and [CHMnFNO] both have monoclinic (2/ (15)) crystal systems, with oxidation states +2 and +3, respectively.

ZnO nanoparticles mediated by Azadirachta indica as nano fertilizer: Improvement in physiological and biochemical indices of Zea mays grown in Cr-contaminated soil.

The current investigation aimed at evaluating the impact of Azadirachta indica-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles (Ai-ZnONPs) on the growth and biochemical characteristics of maize (sweet glutinous 3000) under exposure to 50 mg kgAi-ZnONPs with Cr (VI) concentrations of 50 and 100 mg kg. The results indicate that plants exposed to Cr (VI) only experienced a decline in growth parameters. Conversely, the inclusion of Ai-ZnONPs caused a noteworthy increase in physiological traits.

Physiological and biochemical responses of soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum to doxycycline hydrochloride exposure.

In light of the rapid expansion of the marine aquaculture industry, there has been widespread and irregular usage of aquatic drugs to combat biological diseases, which significantly impact the neighboring aquatic ecosystems. This study delves into the impact of the antibiotic aquatic drug known as doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX) on offshore soft corals, providing valuable data for the responsible use and management of aquatic drugs. In this investigation, we subjected Sarcophyton trocheliophorum to acute exposure to varying concentrations of DOX (0, 1, 5, and 10 mg L).

Exploring biochar and fishpond sediments potential to change soil phosphorus fractions and availability.

Phosphorus (P) availability in soil is paradoxical, with a significant portion of applied P accumulating in the soil, potentially affecting plant production. The impact of biochar (BR) and fishpond sediments (FPS) as fertilizers on P fixation remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the optimal ratio of BR, modified biochar (MBR), and FPS as fertilizer replacements.

Simultaneous immobilization of lead and arsenic and improved phosphorus availability in contaminated soil using biochar composite modified with hydroxyapatite and oxidation: Findings from a pot experiment.

Multi-metals/metalloids contaminated soil has received extensive attention because of their adverse health effects on the safety of the food chain and environmental health. In order to provide additional insight and aid in mitigating environmental risks, a pot experiment was directed to assess the impacts of biochars derived from rice straw (BC), and modified biochars i-e., hydroxyapatite modified (HAP-BC) and oxidized biochars (Ox-BC) on the redistribution, phytoavailability and bioavailability of phosphorus (P), lead (Pb), and Arsenic (As), as well as their effects on the growth of maize (Zea mays L.

Evaluating the Combined Effects of Erythromycin and Levofloxacin on the Growth of sp. and Understanding the Underlying Mechanisms.

sp., a type of benthic diatom, plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle as a widely distributed algae in water bodies, making it an essential primary producer in the context of global carbon neutrality. However, using erythromycin (ERY) and levofloxacin (LEV) in medicine, livestock, and aquaculture has introduced a new class of pollutants known as antibiotic pollutants, which pose potential threats to human and animal health.

Targeted therapy using nanocomposite delivery systems in cancer treatment: highlighting miR34a regulation for clinical applications.

The clinical application of microRNAs in modern therapeutics holds great promise to uncover molecular limitations and conquer the unbeatable castle of cancer metastasis. miRNAs play a decisive role that regulating gene expression at the post-transcription level while controlling both the stability and translation capacity of mRNAs. Specifically, miR34a is a master regulator of the tumor suppressor gene, cancer progression, stemness, and drug resistance at the cell level in p53-dependent and independent signaling.

Application of BCXZM Composite for Arsenic Removal: EPS Production, Biotransformation and Immobilization of XZM on Corn Cobs Biochar.

This study determined the effect of XZM extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production on the arsenic adsorption capacity of the Biochar- XZM (BCXZM) composite. The XZM was immobilized on corn cobs multifunction biochar to generate the BCXZM composite. The arsenic adsorption capacity of BCXZM composite was optimized at different pHs and As(V) concentrations using a central composite design (CCD)2 and maximum adsorption capacity (42.

Reply to the comments on "Facilely synthesized cobalt doped hydroxyapatite as hydroxyl promoted peroxymonosulfate activator for degradation of Rhodamine B" by Zuo et al.

In a Co-HAP/PMS system, catalytic degradation process of RhB was accompanied by the gradual leaching of cobalt ion. The results of additional experiments showed that leached cobalt ion indeed contributed to active PMS for RhB degradation, which was not addressed in the previous study. The finding of the contribution from leached cobalt ion to PMS activation was reported due to the valuable comments of Zuo et al.

Aquaculture sediments amended with biochar improved soil health and plant growth in a degraded soil.

Sustainable and safe management of aquaculture sediments is of great concern. Biochar (BC) and fishpond sediments (FPS) are rich in organic carbon and nutrients and thus can be used as soil amendments; however, it is not fully explored how the biochar amended fishpond sediments can affect soil properties/fertility and modulate plant physiological and biochemical changes, particularly under contamination stress. Therefore, a comprehensive investigation was carried out to explore the effects of FPS and BC-treated FPS (BFPS) on soil and on spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.