Migration of a Nelaton Catheter Into the Pulmonary Artery During Spinal Surgery Requiring Surgical Removal: A Regrettable Case.

Perioperative complications in spinal surgery include dural injury, postoperative epidural hematoma, and surgical site infections. More severe complications involve paralysis, sensory deficits due to nerve injury, and bladder or bowel dysfunction. During fusion surgery, attention must also be paid to risks such as guide wire breakage, cage migration or dislodgement, and major vascular injury during intervertebral disc gauge placement.

The Efficacy of Atlantoaxial Facet Joint Distraction and Fixation and Foramen Magnum Decompression for Chiari Type 1 Malformation with Basilar Invagination: A Case Report.

Foramen magnum decompression is an established surgical method for the treatment of Chiari type 1 malformation with syringomyelia. However, in some cases, neurologic symptoms that improve only after foramen magnum decompression may deteriorate again, and it has been suspected that increased instability of the craniocervical junction may be a factor. We report a case of Chiari type 1 malformation accompanied by basilar invagination and syringomyelia in which atlantoaxial facet joint distraction and fixation was performed as a revision surgery for deteriorating neurologic symptoms after foramen magnum decompression.

A case of 8-year regression of intratracheal granulation due to tracheostomy cannula after local injection of triamcinolone acetonide.

Background: Granulations may form in the trachea during tracheostomy cannula placement, resulting in airway narrowing. Managing stenosis is difficult when the cannula cannot be removed. Herein, we report a case of long-term regression and maintenance of intratracheal granulation following local injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA).

An in vitro model to study molecular pathogenesis of sarcopenia established by a SASP-dependent human myotube culture.

Sarcopenia is a condition that affects one's activities of daily livingand is rapidly increasing with the ages of the global population. However, the basic molecular mechanisms for prevention and treatment are not fully understood. Although rodent model animals have many valuable aspects for studying sarcopenia, some aspects and mechanisms differ from humans, such as immune response, metabolism, stress response, and myofiber composition.

A Case Report of an Adverse Outcome: Development of a Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Following Foramen Magnum Decompression for Chiari Malformation.

Chiari malformation is a congenital condition defined by anatomical abnormalities at the craniovertebral junction with downward displacement of cerebellar structures. While some cases are asymptomatic, others present with diverse clinical manifestations, including cerebellar dysfunction, brainstem compression, headaches, hydrocephalus, myelopathy, oropharyngeal dysfunction, sleep-related breathing disorders, scoliosis, and syringomyelia. Surgical intervention is the only treatment option for symptomatic patients, involving foramen magnum decompression (FMD) to decompress the craniovertebral junction and normalize cerebrospinal fluid circulation.

Successful Surgical Ligation of a Giant Tarlov Cyst at the Cyst Neck Including the Nerve Root: A Case Report.

Perineural cysts are meningeal protrusions at nerve roots that can be asymptomatic but may require surgical intervention. Tarlov cysts, specifically located at sacral nerve roots, lack a consensus on optimal surgical treatment. This case report describes surgical management of a giant Tarlov cyst.

Partial Resection of a Tailgut Cyst Attached to the Rectum via a Transcoccygeal Approach: A Case Report With a Favorable Outcome.

A tailgut cyst is a congenital cystic tumor that develops when the tailgut, derived from the hindgut in early embryonic development, fails to naturally regress and remains in this presacral space. Treatment typically involves surgical resection due to the possibility of cyst infection and neurological symptoms from compression. Various surgical approaches exist, including abdominal, transanal, and transsacral approaches.

The Rapid Progression of Myelopathy Due to Cervical Epidural Fluid Collection From Metastatic Tumor in the Cervical Lamina: A Case Report.

Various conditions can cause myelopathy due to cervical epidural fluid collection, including idiopathic cervical epidural hematoma, traumatic cervical epidural hematoma, infectious myelitis, epidural abscess, spinal cord infarction, post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, and epidural tumors. While physical compression from hematoma, abscess, or epidural tumors is common, and carcinomatous meningitis can cause CSF flow obstruction and accumulation leading to myelopathy, rapid progression of serous fluid collection causing myelopathy is rare. We report a case of myelopathy caused by rapid accumulation of epidural exudate from a metastatic tumor in the cervical lamina.

Efficacy of a Novel Dual-Layer Plastic Stents for Malignant Biliary Obstruction.

In hepatopancreatic diseases, stenting is widely employed to manage cholangitis and obstructive jaundice. Stent materials are primarily categorized as plastic or metal. Plastic stents have notable advantages, such as reduced likelihood of peripheral bile duct obstruction, a lower cost, and the ease of replacement compared to metallic stents.

Rare variant of cervical conjoined nerve root confirmed during full endoscopic cervical foraminotomy: illustrative case.

Background: Diagnosing cervical radiculopathy with root anomalies is difficult, as cervical nerve root anomalies are rare. Here, the authors report the rare case of a conjoined nerve root variant confirmed using full endoscopic cervical foraminotomy (FECF).

Observations: A 40-year-old female presented with painful numbness and paresis in the right upper limb.

Successful Fistula Closure After Treatment with Colostomy and Infliximab in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis Complicated by Rectovaginal Fistula.

The patient was a 50-year-old Japanese woman who was diagnosed with total-colitis-type ulcerative colitis (UC) at the age of 26 years. She was treated with mesalazine and azathioprine, and her disease activity was well controlled. At the age of 50 years, the patient was experiencing fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, and anal pain, which led to a diagnosis of a relapse of UC.

Using hemoglobin vesicles to treat operative hemorrhagic shock after pneu- monectomy in dog models: an experimental study.

Hemoglobin vesicles (HbVs), considered as red blood cell substitutes, are liposomes encapsulating purified hemoglobin, with a phospholipid bilayer membrane (diameter: 250 nm; P50, 28 Torr). In this study, we aimed to investigate HbV function during hemorrhagic shock in lung resection and analyze the details of oxygen delivery. Left pneumonectomy was performed in dogs under mechanical ventilation, followed by rapid exsanguination of approximately 30% of the total circulating blood volume, which led to shock, reducing the mean arterial pressure (MAP) by approximately 60% of baseline.

A Simple Procedure of Epidural Electrode Lead Replacement through a Tissue Sheath in Spinal Cord Stimulation.

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is widely performed to treat several types of intractable chronic pain. To maintain lasting SCS, epidural electrode leads must be replaced sometimes due to problems like lead breakage. However, in lead replacement, guiding the new lead to the original position may be difficult because granulation tissue sheath forms around the lead.

A case study of pyloric stenosis caused by metastatic lobular carcinoma of breast.

Metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is rare. A 59-year-old woman who had a history of an invasive lobular carcinoma of breast with clinical complete response visited our hospital and complained of an upper abdominal pain and distension. We performed an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy which showed only a gastric ulcer without any malignant findings.

Acute bilateral renal infarction after left upper pulmonary lobectomy: a case report.

Background: Left upper lobectomy (LUL) is considered a risk factor for thrombus formation in the pulmonary vein stump compared with other lobectomies, and it occurs in 11.7-13.5% of cases.

Core-Shell Structured Hemoglobin Nanoparticles as Artificial O Carriers.

This paper describes the synthesis and O binding properties of core-shell structured hemoglobin (Hb) nanoparticles (NPs), artificial O carriers of five types, as designed for use as red blood cell (RBC) substitutes. Human adult Hbs were polymerized using α-succinimidyl-ω-maleimide and dithiothreitol in spheroidal shapes to create parent particles. Subsequent covalent wrapping of the sphere with human serum albumin (HSA) yielded 100 nm-diameter Hb nanoparticles (HbNPs).

[A case of idiopathic spinal cord herniation with incomplete Brown-Séquard syndrome].

A 50-year-old man was referred to our hospital with myelitis associated with a 10-months history of progressive muscle weakness in the left leg. Neurological examinations demonstrated diffuse muscle weakness of the left leg, touch hypoesthesia of the right leg, reduced pain sensation below the right nipple, left pyramidal sign, and urinary incontinence. On the basis of thoracic spinal MRI and thoracic CT myelography, revealing anterior displacement of the spinal cord and enlargement of the posterior subarachnoid space at the Th4 vertebral level, we diagnosed the patient as having idiopathic spinal cord herniation with incomplete Brown-Séquard syndrome.

Early reperfusion with hemoglobin vesicles into tracheal subepithelial capillaries in a mouse tracheal transplant model.

Hemoglobin vesicles (HbVs), liposomes containing concentrated hemoglobin extracted from outdated human red blood cells (RBC), are artificial oxygen carriers with a small particle size. To evaluate the reperfusion of capillaries with HbVs in a tracheal transplant model and compare it with that of RBC. Isogenic mice were used as donors and recipients in a parallel trachea transplant model.

Hemoglobin-albumin clusters as an artificial O carrier: Physicochemical properties and resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock in rats.

A bovine hemoglobin (HbBv) or human adult hemoglobin (HbA) wrapped covalently by human serum albumins (HSAs), hemoglobin-albumin clusters (HbBv-HSA and HbA-HSA ), are artificial O carriers used as a red blood cell substitute. This article describes the physicochemical properties of the HbBv-HSA and HbA-HSA solutions, and their abilities to restore the systemic condition after resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock in anesthetized rats. The HbBv-HSA and HbA-HSA , which have high colloid osmotic activity, showed equivalent solution characteristics and O binding parameters.

Applicability of Additives for Ground Improvement Utilizing Fine Powder of Waste Glass.

As a solidifying material for ground improvement using inorganic waste as a raw material, the authors have been developing an additive mixture of the fine powder of waste glass containing a large amount of silica generated during the production of glass cullet and an alkaline aid (heat-treating type of "Earth-Silica; ES" additive). Furthermore, a solidifying material that solidifies by mixing this additive with the fine powder of blast furnace slag, which is a by-product of steel production, is also being developed. In this study, the authors reviewed the mixing process of the solidified materials, especially the one made with the heat-treating type of ES additive, omitting the heat treatment of the fine powder of waste glass and the alkaline aid and applying only the mixing treatment.

Immediate effects of systemic administration of normal and high O-affinity haemoglobin vesicles as a transfusion alternative in a rat pneumonectomy model.

Background: Haemoglobin vesicles (HbVs) are red blood cell (RBC) substitutes with a phospholipid bilayer membrane and a polyethylene modified surface (diameter=250 nm; P=28 Torr). They can be preserved for years and can be used in patients of all blood types without the risk of infection. Their oxygen affinity can be modified by changing the allosteric effectors.

Effect of Compound Muscle Action Potential After Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Normalization on Anesthetic Fade of Intraoperative Transcranial Motor-Evoked Potential.

Purpose: Anesthetic fade refers to the time-dependent decrease in the amplitude of the intraoperative motor-evoked potential. It is thought to be caused by the accumulation of propofol. The authors examined whether normalization by the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) after peripheral nerve stimulation could compensate for anesthetic fade.