Salt-responsive behaviors of PVBTACl, NaPSS, and their complex by molecular dynamics simulations and experiments.

Polyelectrolytes, macromolecules with ionizable groups, play a critical role in applications ranging from energy storage and drug delivery to adhesives, owing to their strong interactions with ionic solutes and water. Despite their widespread utility, an atomistic understanding of how polyelectrolytes interact with ions remains incomplete, limiting the ability to precisely control their conformation and functional properties. To bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations of two representative polyelectrolytes, poly(vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PVBTACl) and sodium polystyrene sulfonate (NaPSS), across varying salt concentrations.

Evaluation and management of incomplete ovarian function suppression in premenopausal breast cancer patients receiving anti-hormone therapy.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among females. The Tamoxifen and Exemestane Trial (TEXT) and the Suppression of Ovarian Function Trial (SOFT) were two landmark studies, which showed adjuvant therapy with the aromatase inhibitor (AI), exemestane, or tamoxifen combined with ovarian function suppression (OFS) improved disease-free survival (DFS) among premenopausal women (Pagani et al. in N Engl J Med 371(2):107-118, 2014).

Myocarditis, Myositis, and Myasthenia Gravis: The Complexities of Treating Steroid-Refractory Triple M Syndrome.

Background: Triple M syndrome is the combination of myocarditis, myositis, and myasthenia gravis secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. Traditionally managed with high-dose steroids, ICI myocarditis may benefit from early initiation of nonsteroidal immunosuppression.

Case Summary: A man with hepatocellular carcinoma presented with double vision and an elevated high-sensitivity troponin after receiving his first dose of tremelimumab (CTLA-4 inhibitor) and durvalumab (PD-L1 inhibitor).

Abnormal Nuclear Membranous Staining Pattern by MLH1 Immunohistochemistry in Endometrial Cancer: A Diagnostic Pitfall and Clone-dependent Artifact.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins is routinely performed for endometrial cancer (EC). Loss of nuclear staining for MLH1/PMS2 triggers reflex testing for MLH1 promoter hypermethylation, while loss of MSH2/MSH6 or isolated loss of MSH6 and PMS2 prompts germline testing for Lynch syndrome. We observed an unusual nuclear membranous staining pattern of MLH1 (clone G168-15).

Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with Momordicine-I for Therapeutic Gain in Preclinical Models.

TNBC patients respond poorly to chemotherapy, leading to high mortality rates and a worsening prognosis. Here, we investigated the effect of M-I on TNBC tumor growth suppression and its potential mechanisms. Signaling pathways were analyzed to study the effect of M-I on TNBC cells (human MDA-MB-231 and mouse 4T1).

Food-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis on a Nontraditional Timeline.

Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is a rare but potentially severe allergic reaction that can occur upon eating a specific food followed by exercise. It is triggered by the combination of a food allergen and exercise as a cofactor. We present one of the few documented FDEIA instances with a reversed sequence of ingestion after exercise.

Manufacturing of CRISPR-edited primary mouse CAR T cells for cancer immunotherapy.

Editing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells by using CRISPR-Cas9 has become a routine strategy to improve their antitumor function or safety profile. Xenograft tumor models in immunodeficient mice are often used to evaluate the function of CRISPR-edited human CAR T cells. These models, however, lack functional immune systems and thus fail to recapitulate barriers such as the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that CAR T cells will encounter in patients.

Natural Language Processing for Identification of Hospitalized People Who Use Drugs: Cohort Study.

Background: People who use drugs (PWUD) are at heightened risk of severe injection-related infections. Current research relies on billing codes to identify PWUD-a methodology with suboptimal accuracy that may underestimate the economic, racial, and ethnic diversity of hospitalized PWUD.

Objective: The goal of this study is to examine the impact of natural language processing (NLP) on enhancing identification of PWUD in electronic medical records, with a specific focus on determining improved systems of identifying populations who may previously been missed, including people who have low income or those from racially and ethnically minoritized populations.

Ongoing genome doubling shapes evolvability and immunity in ovarian cancer.

Whole-genome doubling (WGD) is a common feature of human cancers and is linked to tumour progression, drug resistance, and metastasis. Here we examine the impact of WGD on somatic evolution and immune evasion at single-cell resolution in patient tumours. Using single-cell whole-genome sequencing, we analysed 70 high-grade serous ovarian cancer samples from 41 patients (30,260 tumour genomes) and observed near-ubiquitous evidence that WGD is an ongoing mutational process.

Comparison of Different Implant Abutment Materials on Gingival Fibroblast Attachment.

Background: Implant abutment materials significantly influence peri-implant tissue health, particularly the attachment and behavior of gingival fibroblasts. An optimal material can enhance biocompatibility and reduce inflammation, ensuring long-term success. This study compares the effects of titanium, zirconia, and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) abutments on gingival fibroblast attachment .

Comparative Analysis of the Color Stability of Different Ceramic Materials after Exposure to Staining Solutions.

Background: Color stability is a critical factor influencing the aesthetic success of ceramic materials in dentistry. This study evaluates and compares the color stability of three commonly used ceramic materials-lithium disilicate, zirconia, and feldspathic porcelain-after exposure to staining solutions to determine their clinical performance under challenging oral conditions.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 ceramic specimens (20 from each material group) were fabricated and polished to standardized dimensions.

A phase 2 study of sacituzumab govitecan with or without atezolizumab in rare genitourinary tumors (SMART) - design and rationale.

Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is a TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugate with a payload of SN-38, a topoisomerase inhibitor. SG monotherapy has demonstrated activity in multiple solid tumors, including metastatic breast and bladder cancer. Rare tumors of the genitourinary tract often exhibit aggressive clinical behavior yet lack effective treatment options.

E-VIRTUE: a study of enfortumab vedotin with or without pembrolizumab in rare genitourinary tumors-design and rationale.

NCT06041503 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

Effect of arch wires and brackets in orthodontics for releasing nickel ions.

The amount of nickel ions released from orthodontic wires and brackets is of interest to dentists. The amount of nickel ions emitted from a combination of one of the five arch wires (NiTi, SS, Cu NiTi, Co-Cr-Ni alloys and ion implanted NiTi), five orthodontic brackets and one band was investigated. The wire was 0.

Long non-coding RNAs as therapeutic targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and clinical application.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a major global health burden, often associated with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a diverse group of non-coding RNA molecules > 200 nucleotides in length, have emerged as critical regulators in the pathogenesis of HNSCC. This review summarizes the mechanisms through which certain lncRNAs regulate chromatin modification, mRNA splicing, and interactions with RNA-binding proteins and contribute to the development and progression of HNSCC.

A patient-derived T cell lymphoma biorepository uncovers pathogenetic mechanisms and host-related therapeutic vulnerabilities.

Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) comprise heterogeneous malignancies with limited therapeutic options. To uncover targetable vulnerabilities, we generate a collection of PTCL patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) retaining histomorphology and molecular donor-tumor features over serial xenografting. PDX demonstrates remarkable heterogeneity, complex intratumor architecture, and stepwise trajectories mimicking primary evolutions.

A phase II study of lurbinectedin with or without avelumab in small cell carcinoma of the bladder (laser)-design and rationale.

Small cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare, aggressive malignancy accounting for less than 1% of all bladder malignancies. Treatment regimens are drawn from the small cell lung cancer (SCLC) literature, with platinum and etoposide commonly used in the first-line setting. Unfortunately, responses are generally short-lived, and most patients relapse.

Developing a simple clinical risk score for ibrutinib-associated atrial fibrillation.

Background: Ibrutinib, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, is used in the treatment of B-cell malignancies (e.g., chronic lymphocytic leukemia [CLL]).

EZH1/EZH2 inhibition enhances adoptive T cell immunotherapy against multiple cancer models.

Tumor resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) and, in general, to adoptive cell immunotherapies (ACTs) is a major challenge in the clinic. We hypothesized that inhibiting the tumor drivers' methyltransferases EZH2 and EZH1 could enhance ACT by rewiring cancer cells to a more immunogenic state. In human B cell lymphoma, EZH2 inhibition (tazemetostat) improved the efficacy of anti-CD19 CAR-T by enhancing activation, expansion, and tumor infiltration.

Evaluation of Titanium Exfoliation during Simulated Surgical Insertion of Dental Implants.

Background: Titanium dental implants are widely used due to their biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, the potential for titanium particle exfoliation during surgical insertion remains a concern, as it may affect osseointegration and peri-implant health. This study aims to evaluate the extent of titanium exfoliation during simulated surgical insertion of dental implants.

Pre-heating effect on micro-hardness and depth of cure for three bulk-fill composite resins: An study.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of preheating on the micro-hardness and depth of cure of three different bulk-fill composite resins: Filtek Bulk Fill (3M ESPE), Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (Ivoclar Vivadent), and SDR (Dentsply Sirona). Three bulk-fill composite resins, Filtek Bulk Fill (3M ESPE), Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (Ivoclar Vivadent), and SDR (Dentsply Sirona), were tested in this study. Each resin was divided into two groups: preheated and non-preheated.

CD4+ T-Cell Lymphoma Harboring a Chimeric Antigen Receptor Integration in .

Malignant T-cell transformation after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has been described, but the contribution of CAR integration to oncogenesis is not clear. Here we report a case of a T-cell lymphoma harboring a lentiviral integration in a known tumor suppressor, , which developed in a patient with multiple myeloma after B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR T-cell therapy.

Momordicine-I suppresses head and neck cancer growth by modulating key metabolic pathways.

One of the hallmarks of cancer is metabolic reprogramming which controls cellular homeostasis and therapy resistance. Here, we investigated the effect of momordicine-I (M-I), a key bioactive compound from Momordica charantia (bitter melon), on metabolic pathways in human head and neck cancer (HNC) cells and a mouse HNC tumorigenicity model. We found that M-I treatment on HNC cells significantly reduced the expression of key glycolytic molecules, SLC2A1 (GLUT-1), HK1, PFKP, PDK3, PKM, and LDHA at the mRNA and protein levels.

External Ventricular Drain Misadministration Events: Systematic Literature Review and Report of a Case.

Background And Objectives: External ventricular drain (EVD) is a common neurosurgical procedure with potential complications, including catheter misplacement, infection, mechanical obstruction, and inadvertent catheter pull-out. A less discussed but critical complication is the misadministration of medications into EVD. This project aimed to review the literature on EVD misadministration and discuss preventative measures, emphasizing the new International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard for neuraxial connectors.