Association of Salivary Microbial, Fungal Population and Salivary Acidity with Obesity in Children.

Background: Childhood obesity is an increasing global health concern associated with both systemic and oral complications. While studies suggest links between body mass index (BMI) and oral health markers, these relationships remain poorly defined.

Purpose: This study evaluated the association between salivary microbial/fungal populations, salivary acidity, and obesity in children.

Evaluation of the cagA, dupA, sabA, babA, and iceA1 Gene Expressions in H. pylori Strains Isolated from Patients with Gastric Cancer and Peptic Ulcer Disease.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common human pathogens, affecting almost half of the population of the world. Some specific virulence genes of this bacterium have a significant causal effect on the outcome of gastrointestinal diseases.

Comparative study of the profile of supragingival dental plaque and tooth decay in patients with lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Background And Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are complex autoimmune diseases that present with a range of systemic and oral manifestations including dental decay and alterations in the oral microbiome profile. The purpose of this study was to compare the fungal and bacterial profile of supragingival dental plaque and dental caries in patients with SLE and RA.

Methods: The present descriptive-cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on 91 participants (31 RA, 30 lupus, and 30 control groups).

Association between sleep pattern, salivary cariogenic bacteria and fungi populations, pH and buffering capacity in children: A comparative study.

Background: Sleep quality has a significant impact on a child's health and is linked to oral and systemic diseases. It affects the circadian rhythm, which plays a crucial role in regulating the balance of the endocrine and hormonal systems. Current research has focused on exploring its role in the development of caries, which is influenced by inherent oral factors such as the composition of the oral microbiome and pH levels.

In vitro evaluation of albendazole nanocrystals against Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices.

Echinococcus granulosus is a zoonotic parasite causing hydatidosis in humans and animals. This study has been done in order to investigate the effect of albendazole nanocrystals on the viability of E. granulosus protoscolices.

Possible Synergistic Effect of Combined and Fenitrothion for Control of German Cockroach () as a Novel Approach.

Background: Cockroaches are one of the most common pests in many residential areas. In this study, the simultaneous effects of fungi, and fenitrothion-coated baits on the mortality rate of the German cockroach nymphs were investigated.

Methods: To determine the lethal level of fenitrothion insecticide, a bioassay test was performed on the last instar nymphs of the German cockroach reared at insectarium conditions.

Construction of metronidazole capped in gold nanoparticles against : antimicrobial activity improvement.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is considered a major agent causing gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Unfortunately, the occurrence of increasing drug resistance to this bacterium would result in some difficulties in its treatment. Therefore, the application of nanotechnology has been suggested to resolve such problems.

Isolation of arsenic accumulating bacteria from garbage leachates for possible application in bioremediation.

Background And Objectives: Bioremediation is a process to reduce toxic heavy-metals, such as arsenic, in the environment using microorganisms. This study aimed to isolate arsenic remediating microbial strains from garbage leachates and to evaluate the effects of several factors on bioremediation by isolated strains.

Materials And Methods: After isolating arsenic-resistant bacteria from garbage leachates and determining their MIC values, Taguchi design of experiments was used to evaluate the effect of arsenic concentration, pH solution, temperature, and contact time on arsenic bioremediation by isolated bacteria.

In vivo identification of novel TGIF2LX target genes in colorectal adenocarcinoma using the cDNA-AFLP method.

Background And Study Aims: Homeobox-containing genes are composed of a group of regulatory genes encoding transcription factors involved in the control of developmental processes. The homeodomain proteins could activate or repress the expression of downstream target genes. This study was conducted to in vivo identify the potential target gene(s) of TGIF2LX in colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility profile of species isolated from patients with vulvovaginitis in Tehran, Iran.

Background: Rapid and accurate identification and evaluation of antifungal susceptibility pattern of isolates are crucial to determine suitable antifungal drugs for the treatment of patients with vulvovaginitis candidiasis.

Materials And Methods: Vaginal samples were collected from 150 women with suspicious vaginal candidiasis, and then cultured on Sabouraoud's Dextrose Agar with chloramphenicol to isolate species. After identification of isolates using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique, antifungal susceptibility testing of four azolic antifungal drugs was carried out using broth microdilution method according to the CLSI M27-A3.

The impact of genetic variation in IL28B, IFNL4 and HLA genes on treatment responses against chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the interleukin-28B (IL28B), interferon lambda 4 (IFNL4) and the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene are associated with treatment responses in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus infection treated with pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin (pegIFN-α/RBV). We compared the role of IL28B SNPs (rs12979860, rs12980275, and rs8099917), IFNL4 ss469415590 and HLA rs4273729 with treatment outcomes in patients with CHC virus. A total of 520 Iranian patients with CHC infection were enrolled.

A comparative study of various methods for detection of IL28B rs12979860 in chronic hepatitis C.

Interleukin-28B (IL28B) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) constitute important host-related factors influencing the response rate to Hepatitis C virus (HCV) standard antiviral therapy. In the last few years, several new technologies for SNP detection have been developed. However, the sensitivity and specificity of various methods are different and needs evaluation.

Comparison of Three Different Methods for Detection of IL28 rs12979860 Polymorphisms as a Predictor of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the specificity, sensitivity, cost, and turn-around time of three methods of gene polymorphism analysis and to study the relationship between IL28B rs12979860 and SVR rate to pegIFN-α/RVB therapy among patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Methods: A total of 100 samples from chronic hepatitis C patients were analyzed in parallel using the three methods: direct sequencing, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR.

Results: The different profiles for IL28B rs12979860 alleles (CC, CT, and TT) obtained with PCR-RFLP, ARMS-PCR, and direct sequencing were consistent among the three methods.

Evaluation of mRNA Expression Levels of cyp51A and mdr1, Candidate Genes for Voriconazole Resistance in Aspergillus flavus.

Background: Voriconazole Resistance (VRC-R) in Aspergillus flavus isolates impacts the management of aspergillosis, since azoles are the first choice for prophylaxis and therapy. However, to the best of our knowledge, the mechanisms underlying voriconazole resistance are poorly understood.

Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate mRNA expression levels of cyp51A and mdr1 genes in voriconazole resistant A.

Identification and Sequencing of Candida krusei Aconitate Hydratase Gene Using Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends Method and Phylogenetic Analysis.

Background: The production and development of an effective fungicidal drug requires the identification of an essential fungal protein as a drug target. Aconitase (ACO) is a mitochondrial protein that plays a vital role in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and thus production of energy within the cell.

Objectives: The current study aimed to sequence Candida krusei ACO gene and determine any amino acid residue differences between human and fungal aconitases to obtain selective inhibition.

Identification of Azole Resistance Markers in Clinical Isolates of Candida tropicalis Using cDNA-AFLP Method.

Background: Global reports have highlighted the increasing prevalence of Candida tropicalis infections as well as organism(') s drug resistance. This study aimed at identifying azole resistance markers in clinical isolates of C. tropicalis, which will be a great resource for developing new drugs.

Fungal Airborne Contamination as a Serious Threat for Respiratory Infection in the Hematology Ward.

Background: Fungi existing in hospital departments may grow and produce micro-colonies. The spores arising from these micro-colonies circulate easily and could be inhaled by patients and cause infections in immune-compromised subjects. Due to the lack of an acceptable method of sampling and evaluation of microbiological quality of air in the isolation units, the purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of airborne fungi through active and passive sampling and also identify fungi genera in the air of the isolation unit.

Synthesis and antifungal activity of 1-[(2-benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(azol-1-yl)ethanone derivatives: exploring the scaffold flexibility.

Based on the N-(phenethyl)azole backbone of azole antifungals, we designed 1-[(2-benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(azol-1-yl)ethanone derivatives 2 and 3, containing benzyloxyphenyl scaffold of croconazole. Also these compounds can be considered as flexible analogs, resulted from C2-C3 disconnection of 3'-chloro-3-imidazolylflavanone 1, recently described as antifungal agent. Thus, in this report, we describe the synthesis of 1-[(2-benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-(azol-1-yl)ethanone derivatives 2 and 3 and their biological evaluation against different pathogenic fungi.