Co-infection prevalence of helminths and associated risk factors among schoolchildren in the Lake Tana Basin, Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Helminths are important public health infectious agents and are highly prevalent in the tropics, including Ethiopia. Schoolchildren are highly vulnerable to these parasitic infections due to several personal habits. Although their helminths co-infection prevalence is significant, less attention is given to understand the burden.

and investigations of Propolis-derived phytochemicals as potential inhibitors of .

Background And Aim: Malaria continues to pose a global health challenge, exacerbated by the emergence of drug-resistant strains of . This study aimed to evaluate the anti- potential of Propolis extracts collected from various Iranian regions and to characterize the molecular interactions of their bioactive phytochemicals with lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH), a key enzyme in parasite glycolysis.

Materials And Methods: The anti- activity of ethanol-extracted Propolis was assessed against NF54 using the SYBR Green I fluorescence assay.

Properties of Compounds Citral and Geraniol on : Activity in Vitro and Cytotoxicity.

Background: Avian trichomoniasis is an important disease that causes bird mortality, both wild and captive, around the world. This study evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and antiparasitic activity of citral (3.7-Dimetil-2.

Biomedical behaviors of CuO/γ-alumina/chitosan nanocomposites: Scolicidal and apoptotic effects on hydatid cysts protoscolices.

Hydatid cysts caused by Echinococcus granulosus are a serious health problem that requires effective treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the scolicidal and apoptotic effects of copper oxide (CuO) and gamma alumina (γ-AlO) with or without chitosan (Chit), using Rosmarinus officinalis extract and chemical methods on protoscolices (PSCs) in vitro. The nanomaterials (NMs) were characterized by FTIR, EDS, DLS, XRD, FESEM, PDI, and zeta potential (ZP).

Scolicidal and apoptotic effects of phyto- and chemically synthesized silver/boehmite nanocomposites on Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces.

Cystic hydatid disease (CHD) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus). This study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), silver boehmite nanocomposite (Ag/Bhm NC), and silver boehmite nanocomposite modified with chitosan (Ag/Bhm/Chit NC) using Rosmarinus officinalis (R.

Antioxidant Potential of Ethiopian Medicinal Plants and Their Phytochemicals: A Review of Pharmacological Evaluation.

Background: Free radicals are very reactive molecules produced during oxidation events that in turn initiate a chain reaction resulting in cellular damage. Many degenerative diseases in humans, including cancer and central nervous system damage, are caused by free radicals. Scientific evidence indicates that active compounds from natural products can protect cells from free radical damage.

Targeting proteins interaction with flavonoids of Propolis extract by and studies for promising therapeutic effects.

Propolis is a natural resinous mixture produced by bees. It provides beneficial effects on human health in the treatment/management of many diseases. The present study was performed to demonstrate the anti- activity of ethanolic extracts of Propolis samples from Iran.

In Vivo Toxicity of Oral Administrated Nano-SiO: Can Food Additives Increase Apoptosis?

Nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO) has a great deal of application in food packaging, as antibacterial food additives, and in drug delivery systems but this nanoparticle, despite its wide range of utilizations, can generate destructive effects on organs such as the liver, kidney, and lungs. This study is aimed at investigating the toxicological effects of nano-SiO through apoptotic factors. For this purpose, 40 female rats in 4 groups (n = 10) received 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg/day of nano-SiO at 20-30 nm size orally for 20 days.

In vitro scolicidal effect of Calendula officinalis, Artemisia dracunculus, Artemisia absinthium, and Ferula assafoetida extracts against hydatid cyst protoscolices.

Echinococcus granulosus is the etiologic agent of cystic echinococcosis. Numerous research studies have been conducted on natural scolicidal agents to inactivate protoscolices during surgery. This study was undertaken to compare the in vitro scolicidal effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Calendula officinalis, Artemisia dracunculus, Artemisia absinthium and Ferula assafoetida.

Hepatoprotective activity of andrographolide possibly through antioxidative defense mechanism in Sprague-Dawley rats.

The aims of this study to assess the efficiency of AGL against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatic toxicity that was generated by mitochondrial oxidative stress and glutathione depletion. Free radical scavenging potentiality was analyzed by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. APAP-induced liver toxicity was formed at a dose level of 640 mg/kg mg/kg BW each, p.

In vitro efficacy of albendazole-loaded β-cyclodextrin against protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a widespread helminthic disease caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus represents a public health concern in humans. Albendazole (ABZ) is the first-line treatment for CE; however therapeutic failure of ABZ against CE occurs because of size and location of formed cysts as well its low aqueous solubility and consequently its erratic bioavailability in plasma. Serious adverse effects have also been observed following the long-term use of ABZ in vivo.

Green synthesis of nano-liposomes containing Bunium persicum and Trachyspermum ammi essential oils against Trichomonasvaginalis.

Background: Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic flagellated protozoan, is one of the main non-viral sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Treatment options for trichomoniasis are limited to nitroimidazole compounds. However, resistance to these drugs has been reported, which requires the development of new anti-Trichomonas agents that confer suitable efficacy and less toxicity.

Potentiation of the Activity of Antibiotics against ATCC and MDR Bacterial Strains with (+)--Pinene and (-)-Borneol.

The increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance have demanded the development of new drugs as conventional antibiotics have become significantly less effective. Evidence has identified a variety of phytocompounds with the potential to be used in the combat of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Considering the verification that terpenes are promising antibacterial compounds, the present research aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiotic-modulating activity of (+)--pinene and (-)-borneol against MDR bacterial strains.

Evaluation of the In Vitro Antiparasitic Effect of the Essential Oil of and Its Chemical Composition Analysis.

Cymbopogon winterianus, known as “citronella grass”, is an important aromatic and medicinal tropical herbaceous plant. The essential oil of C. winterianus (EOCw) is popularly used to play an important role in improving human health due to its potential as a bioactive component.

Ferulic acid derivatives inhibiting tetK and MsrA efflux pumps.

Background: Bacterial resistance to multiple drugs has recently emerged as a serious health problem. Concomitantly, the characterization of new substances with potential antimicrobial activity has been less frequent in the drug development industry. The overexpression of genes encoding efflux pumps that expel antimicrobial drugs from the intracellular environment, lowering these to subinhibitory concentrations, are among the resistance mechanisms predisposing microorganisms to high drug resistance.

Microbial resistance: The role of efflux pump superfamilies and their respective substrates.

The microorganism resistance to antibiotics has become one of the most worrying issues for science due to the difficulties related to clinical treatment and the rapid spread of diseases. Efflux pumps are classified into six groups of carrier proteins that are part of the different types of mechanisms that contribute to resistance in microorganisms, allowing their survival. The present study aimed to carry out a bibliographic review on the superfamilies of carriers in order to understand their compositions, expressions, substrates, and role in intrinsic resistance.

Phytochemical, anti-Acanthamoeba, and anti-adhesion properties of Garcinia mangostana flower as preventive contact lens solution.

Acanthamoeba keratitis infection extends due to the growing number of contact lens users. Indigenous plants including Garcinia mangostana play a vital role in human health and well being. Many species of this plant have been reported with myriads of potent medicinal properties.

In vitro evaluation of albendazole nanocrystals against Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices.

Echinococcus granulosus is a zoonotic parasite causing hydatidosis in humans and animals. This study has been done in order to investigate the effect of albendazole nanocrystals on the viability of E. granulosus protoscolices.

Extract Has Antiamoebic Activity to Trophozoites and Changes Expression of Autophagy-Related Genes.

, a well-known medicinal plant, has been used for several therapeutic purposes as it contains numerous pharmacological active compounds. Our study reported an anti-parasitic activity of seed extract against . The stress induced by the extract on the surviving trophozoites for encystation and vacuolization was examined by microscopy, and transcriptional expression of autophagy-related genes was investigated by quantitative PCR.

Scolicidal and Apoptotic Activities of 5-hydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone as a Potent Agent against Protoscoleces.

Cystic hydatid disease (CHD) is a zoonotic disease with different clinical stages caused by the larval stage of the cestode . It is important to highlight as a public health problem in various regions of the world. In the current study, the efficacy and apoptotic activity of the liposomal system containing juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) were assessed against protoscoleces (PSCs) in vitro.

Potential anti- and anti-adhesion activities of and extracts and their synergistic effects in combination with chlorhexidine against trophozoites and cysts.

Plants with medicinal properties have been used in the treatment of several infectious diseases, including infections. The medicinal properties of Cambodian plant extracts; and were investigated against . A total of 39 plant extracts were evaluated and, as a result, 22 extracts showed positive anti- activity.

Amoebicidal activity of extract and its effect on autophagy-related gene expression at the transcriptional level.

Cassia angustifolia Vahl. plant is used for many therapeutic purposes, for example, in people with constipation, skin diseases, including helminthic and parasitic infections. In our study, we demonstrated an amoebicidal activity of C.

Anti-Acanthamoeba synergistic effect of chlorhexidine and Garcinia mangostana extract or α-mangostin against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoite and cyst forms.

Acanthamoeba spp. can cause amoebic keratitis (AK). Chlorhexidine is effective for AK treatment as monotherapy, but with a relative failure on drug bioavailability in the deep corneal stroma.

Infection rate and genetic diversity of assemblage C in Iranian stray dogs, targeting the gene.

Background And Aim: is one of the most common enteric protozoan parasites in vertebrates, such as humans, domestic and wild animals, causing giardiasis. To the best of our knowledge, little is known about the genetic diversity of assemblages. This study aimed to identify genetic diversity of assemblages in Iranian stray dogs.