Engineering Ni-NO Coordination in Single-Atom Catalysts for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution.

The rational design of single-atom catalysts (SACs) with tailored coordination environments is essential for improving their electrocatalytic efficacy. This study employs a coordination engineering approach to immobilize atomically dispersed nickel atoms on nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (NCNFs), forming a novel Ni-NO/NCNFs catalyst. Unlike the traditional Ni-N coordination configuration, each nickel atom in this Ni-NO framework is stabilized within a rare and well-defined NO coordination environment.

Uniformly structured asymmetric coordination Ce single-atom catalysts for stable and efficient oxygen reduction reaction.

In oxygen reduction reactions, the symmetric M-N coordination restricts both performance and stability. NO-type catalysts show promise, but their irregular morphology limits practical use. We report a Ce-NO/C single-atom catalyst with uniform morphology synthesized an oxygen-ligand electrospinning-annealing route, delivering a 0.

Orchestration of immunoregulatory signaling ligand and receptor dynamics by mRNA modifications: Implications for therapeutic potential.

RNA modifications are pivotal regulators of gene expression, significantly influencing immune responses by modulating the stability and translation of mRNAs encoding key immunoregulatory ligands and receptors. Among these modifications, N-methyladenosine (mA) is the most abundant and well-characterized, orchestrating immune evasion, T-cell exhaustion, and cytokine production by dynamically regulating transcripts such as PD-L1, IFN-γ, and TGF-β. These modifications critically impact the function and availability of proteins essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and shaping adaptive immune responses.

Nanovaccines empowering CD8 T cells: a precision strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy leveraging nanovaccines represents a cutting-edge frontier in precision medicine, specifically designed to potentiate CD8 T cell-based immunotherapy. This review thoroughly delineates the evolving landscape of cancer nanovaccine development, emphasizing their advantageous role in modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) to enhance CD8 T cell efficacy. We critically analyze current innovations in nanovaccine design, focusing on their capacity to deliver tumor antigens and immunostimulatory adjuvants effectively.

Fluoroscopy-guided guidewire-assisted technique for difficult removal of a peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) in children: a report of three cases and literature review.

Background: In general, it is relatively easy to remove peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) by gentle traction without any complications. However, the removal of PICC can be challenging occasionally. If the standard interventions fail to remove the catheter, there are no clear recommendations about what to do.

The hidden weavers: A review of DNA/RNA R-loops in stem cell biology and therapeutic potential.

R-loops, three-stranded nucleic acid structures composed of RNA-DNA hybrids, are increasingly recognized as central regulators of genomic stability and transcription. These structures play critical roles across various cellular processes, including DNA replication, repair, and gene regulation, with significant implications for stem cell biology and disease pathogenesis. This review comprehensively explores the molecular underpinnings of R-loop formation, emphasizing the dual nature of R-loops in both facilitating normal cellular functions and contributing to genomic instability.

Orchestrating cancer therapy: Recent advances in nanoplatforms harmonize immunotherapy with multifaceted treatments.

Advancements in cancer therapy have increasingly focused on leveraging the synergistic effects of combining immunotherapy with other treatment modalities, facilitated by the use of innovative nanoplatforms. These strategies aim to augment the efficacy of standalone treatments while addressing their inherent limitations. Nanoplatforms enable precise delivery and controlled release of therapeutic agents, which enhances treatment specificity and reduces systemic toxicity.

Metabolic gatekeepers: harnessing tumor-derived metabolites to optimize T cell-based immunotherapy efficacy in the tumor microenvironment.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) orchestrates a complex interplay between tumor cells and immune cells, crucially modulating the immune response. This review delves into the pivotal role of metabolic reprogramming in the TME, highlighting how tumor-derived metabolites influence T lymphocyte functionality and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Focusing on the diverse roles of these metabolites, we examine how lactate, lipids, amino acids, and other biochemical signals act not only as metabolic byproducts but as regulatory agents that can suppress or potentiate T cell-mediated immunity.

Optimizing CD8 T cell-based immunotherapy via metabolic interventions: a comprehensive review of intrinsic and extrinsic modulators.

CD8 T cells are integral to the effective management of cancer and infectious diseases due to their cytotoxic functions. The efficacy of these cells is profoundly influenced by their metabolic state, which regulates their activation, differentiation, and longevity. Accordingly, the modulation of metabolic pathways within CD8 T cells is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of T cell-based immunotherapy.

Percutaneous Mechanical Thrombectomy Using the AcoStream Thrombus Aspiration System for Acute Superior Mesenteric Artery Embolism.

Background: This study was performed to summarize our experience in treating acute superior mesenteric artery embolism (SMAE) by percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT).

Methods: Between January 2023 and October 2023, 18 patients presenting with acute mesenteric ischemia were admitted to our center, including 11 cases of SMAE, 3 cases of superior mesenteric artery thrombosis, and 4 cases of superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. We retrospectively reviewed 8 patients (4 males and 4 females; range, 51-79 years; mean, 62.

Alternative pre-mRNA splicing in stem cell function and therapeutic potential: A critical review of current evidence.

Alternative splicing is a crucial regulator in stem cell biology, intricately influencing the functions of various biological macromolecules, particularly pre-mRNAs and the resultant protein isoforms. This regulatory mechanism is vital in determining stem cell pluripotency, differentiation, and proliferation. Alternative splicing's role in allowing single genes to produce multiple protein isoforms facilitates the proteomic diversity that is essential for stem cells' functional complexity.

New frontiers in salivary extracellular vesicles: transforming diagnostics, monitoring, and therapeutics in oral and systemic diseases.

Salivary extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key tools for non-invasive diagnostics, playing a crucial role in the early detection and monitoring of diseases. These EVs surpass whole saliva in biomarker detection due to their enhanced stability, which minimizes contamination and enzymatic degradation. The review comprehensively discusses methods for isolating, enriching, quantifying, and characterizing salivary EVs.

Musashi-2 binds with Fbxo6 to induce Rnaset2 ubiquitination and chemokine signaling pathway during vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch in atherosclerosis.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine how Musashi-2 (MSI2) affects vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switch and contributes to atherosclerosis (AS).

Methods: Primary mouse VSMCs were transfected with MSI2 specific siRNA and treated with platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). The proliferation, cell-cycle, and migration of VSMCs were determined by CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays.

Femtosecond laser treatment promotes the surface bioactivity and bone ingrowth of TiAlV bone scaffolds.

In this study, a femtosecond laser with a wavelength of 800 nm was used to modify the surface of a titanium alloy bone scaffold created selective laser melting (SLM). The outcomes demonstrated that the surface morphology of the bone scaffold after femtosecond laser treatment was micro-nano morphology. The hydrophobic structure of the scaffold was changed into a super-hydrophilic structure, improving the surface roughness, which was highly helpful for osteoblast adhesion and differentiation.

The Association between Dietary Protein Intake and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Evidence from 14 Publications.

Many studies have been published to assess the association about dietary protein intake on the risk of pancreatic cancer, but with inconsistent result. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether protein intake could affect the risk of pancreatic cancer. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science up to October 1, 2019.

MicroRNA-638 inhibits human aortic valve interstitial cell calcification by targeting Sp7.

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a complex heart valve disease involving a wide range of pathological changes. Emerging evidence indicates that osteogenic differentiation of human aortic valve interstitial cells (hAVICs) plays a key role in valve calcification. In this study, we aimed to investigate the function of miR-638 in hAVICs osteogenesis.

Overexpression of miR-664 is associated with poor overall survival and accelerates cell proliferation, migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of microRNA-664 (miR-664) in HCC tissues and cells, and assess its clinical significance and functional role in HCC.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and thirty-four paired HCC and non-cancerous tissues were collected from patients who underwent surgery in Qianfoshan Hospital affiliated to Shandong University (Shandong, China) between 2009 and 2012.

Algal fouling and extracellular organic matter removal in powdered activated carbon-submerged hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane systems.

In this work, the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on fouling by algal solution during ultrafiltration using two different PAC dosing strategies: pre-depositing PAC onto the membrane surfaces or the conventional addition of PAC to the bulk feed. The addition of PAC by either mode improved the removal of extracellular organic matter (EOM) from the algal solution. However, for the pre-deposition mode, increasing the PAC amount from 0 to 2.

Hybrid Therapy Consisting of Bowel Resection and Fluoroscopic-Assisted Balloon Thrombectomy for Small Bowel Infarction Caused by Acute Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis.

Background: To investigate the effect of bowel resection combined with fluoroscopic-assisted balloon thrombectomy for small bowel infarction caused by acute mesenteric venous thrombosis (AMVT).

Methods: Between June 2016 and August 2017, nine patients (seven males and two females; range, 40-73 years; mean, 55.11 ± 10.

Impact of preoperative transarterial embolization of carotid body tumor: A single center retrospective cohort experience.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative hyperselective transarterial embolization in carotid body tumor resection.

Methods: Retrospectively analyze the clinical feature, imaging examination, treatment strategy and prognosis of 29 carotid body tumor patients from January 2006 to January 2016. According to whether to carry out the pre-operative transarterial embolization, the patients were classified into embolization group and non-embolization group.

Surgical treatment of recurrent varicose veins in the lower limbs associated with endovascular treatment of iliac vein stenosis.

Objective: We present our experience with endovascular surgery for recurrent varicose veins (RVV) of the lower limbs combined with the iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS).

Materials And Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of 6 patients with RVVs combined with IVCS who were admitted to our hospital between January 2007 and December 2014. Transfemoral venography was performed to confirm IVCS.