Prediction of Children's Subjective Well-Being from Physical Activity and Sports Participation Using Machine Learning Techniques: Evidence from a Multinational Study.

: Traditional models like ordinary least squares (OLS) struggle to capture non-linear relationships in children's subjective well-being (SWB), which is associated with physical activity. This study evaluated machine learning (ML) for predicting SWB, focusing on sports participation, and explored theoretical prediction limits using a global dataset. It addresses a gap in understanding complex patterns across diverse cultural contexts.

Effects of glycerol hyperhidration on the running economy of long-distance runners: a randomized crossover clinical trial.

Background: Endurance athletes experience significant water loss during exercise, which can impair performance and increase the risk of dehydration. Glycerol hyperhydration has been explored as a strategy to enhance pre-exercise hydration, particularly when fluid intake opportunities are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of glycerol hyperhydration on running economy (RE) in trained runners.

Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms for Fitness-Based Cardiometabolic Risk Classification in Adolescents.

Background: Cardiometabolic risk in adolescents represents a growing public health concern that is closely linked to modifiable factors such as physical fitness. Traditional statistical approaches often fail to capture complex, nonlinear relationships among anthropometric and fitness-related variables.

Objective: To develop and evaluate supervised machine learning algorithms, including artificial neural networks and ensemble methods, for classifying cardiometabolic risk levels among Chilean adolescents based on standardized physical fitness assessments.

Supervised machine learning algorithms for the classification of obesity levels using anthropometric indices derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis.

The accurate classification of obesity is essential for public health and clinical decision-making. Traditional anthropometric measures such as body mass index (BMI) have limitations in differentiating between fat and lean mass. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of various supervised machine learning algorithms in classifying obesity levels using anthropometric indices derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

Sex-specific thresholds of peak oxygen consumption for detecting cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: To establish sex-specific peak oxygen consumption (VO) thresholds that accurately discriminate cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and to validate these cut-off points using an independent cohort.

Methods: This longitudinal study included 83 participants (aged 8-18 years) with type 1 diabetes from the Diactive-1 cohort. VO was assessed via maximal exercise testing with direct gas analysis, and CMR was calculated using a composite z-score of waist circumference, lipid profile, HbA1c, and blood pressure.

What is the role of family meals and social eating behaviour in relation to experiential avoidance in adolescents among Spanish adolescents? the EHDLA study.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to analyse the associations of family meals and social eating behaviour (SEB) with experiential avoidance (EA) in adolescents from Spain.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 617 adolescents (aged 12-17 years, 56.7% females) from the Eating Habits and Daily Life Activities study from (Region of Murcia, Spain).

Prevalence of Chronic Back Pain and Associated Factors in Children and Adolescents: Secondary Analysis of the 2001-2019 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children Study.

Background: Backache, which is considered a leading cause of adult disability worldwide, is seldom studied in children and adolescents despite it being associated with multiple detrimental health outcomes in this age group.

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence, time trends, and correlates of chronic backache among children and adolescents.

Methods: Data were extracted from the cross-sectional Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study, which collected data from 2001 to 2019.

Is Involvement in Food Tasks Associated with Psychosocial Health in Adolescents? The EHDLA Study.

: While some evidence supports the benefits of food-related tasks, research examining their association with psychosocial health in adolescents remains scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the association between Spanish adolescents' involvement in food-related household tasks and their psychosocial health. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the original Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study.

Relating Anthropometric Profile to Countermovement Jump Performance and External Match Load in Mexican National Team Soccer Players: An Exploratory Study.

The role of body composition in sports performance has been widely studied, particularly in soccer. Understanding how anthropometric characteristics impact movement efficiency and neuromuscular performance is crucial for optimizing player performance. This study examined the relationship between body composition and locomotor performance in elite soccer players.

Human Digestive Physiology and Evolutionary Diet: A Metabolomic Perspective on Carnivorous and Scavenger Adaptations.

This review examines human digestive physiology and metabolic adaptations in the context of evolutionary dietary patterns, particularly those emphasizing carnivorous and scavenging behaviors. By integrating metabolomic data with archaeological, anatomical, and microbiological evidence, the study explores how early hominins adapted to intermittent but energy-dense animal-based diets. The analysis highlights the development of hepatic insulin resistance, enhanced fat and protein metabolism, and shifts in gut microbiota diversity as physiological signatures of meat consumption.

Biometric Strategies to Improve Vaccine Immunogenicity and Effectiveness.

Vaccines have revolutionized disease prevention, yet their effectiveness is challenged by variable immunogenicity, individual response differences, and emerging variants. Biomimetic strategies, inspired by natural immune processes, offer new avenues to enhance vaccine performance. This narrative review examines how bioinspired approaches-grounded in evolutionary medicine, immunology, and host-microbiota interactions-can improve vaccine immunogenicity and long-term protection.

Understanding the relationship of sleep-related problems with positive affect and negative affect in young people: Insights from the EHDLA study.

Background: The prevalence of sleep-related problems in adolescents has been recognized as a public health issue. Research on how specific sleep-related problems may be related to mood and affect variations in this age group is scarce. Therefore, the current study aims to explore the relationships between sleep-related problems and positive and negative affect in a sample of Spanish adolescents.

A Systematic Review of Bicycle Motocross: Influence of Physiological, Biomechanical, Physical, and Psychological Indicators on Sport Performance.

: This sport involves the integration of various capabilities and mechanisms, including cognitive, physiological, and biomechanical components, that allow the athlete to perform in competition. However, to date, no systematic review has analyzed the indicators that are decisive for sports performance in Bicycle Motocross (BMX). The objective of this work was to carry out a systematic review of the performance variables in BMX and establish recommendations for researchers and trainers.

Reliability of Muscle Oxygen Saturation for Evaluating Exercise Intensity and Knee Joint Load Indicators.

This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of muscle oxygen saturation (SmO) and its correlation with variables from an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor placed on the knee at different exercise intensities. Fourteen university athletes participated in the study. Incremental ergospirometry was performed to exhaustion to calculate V'Omax, determine training zones, heart rate, and workload using the IMU, and analyze muscle metabolism by SmO.

Effect of 4 Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on VOmax, Anaerobic Power, and Specific Performance in Cyclists with Cerebral Palsy.

Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an effective and efficient method for training Paralympic athletes with cerebral palsy, particularly in intermittent sports and those requiring aerobic and anaerobic capacity, speed, and strength to delay fatigue onset and optimize athletic performance.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effects of four weeks of HIIT on the estimated VOmax, anaerobic power, and athletic performance in cyclists with cerebral palsy.

Materials And Methods: This quasi-experimental study included three male athletes (Athletes A, B, and C) with cerebral palsy from the Paracycling Departmental Commission of Cauca, Colombia.

Visualization of the Research Panorama of Decision-Making in Soccer: Bibliometric Analysis with VOSviewer and Review of the Most Cited Studies of the Last 15 Years (2010-2024).

Background/objectives: Various studies have investigated the importance of perceptual-cognitive skills in decision-making and the expert performance of athletes. However, bibliometric study has yet to identify research trends on this topic. The objective of this study was to perform a bibliometric review to identify the research trends in the study of soccer decision-making.

Beyond Hunger: Uncovering the Link between Food Insecurity and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Adolescents.

Background: Food insecurity (FI) represents a critical public health concern, particularly for adolescents, as it compromises nutritional intake and mental health during crucial developmental stages.

Objectives: This study examines the associations between FI and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of 712 adolescents aged 12-17 y from , Region of Murcia, Spain.

Methods: Data were sourced from the cross-sectional "Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities" study.

Unveiling the association between chronotype and emotional eating in Spanish adolescents: The EHDLA study.

Emotional eating has been associated with a range of negative health outcomes. Research regarding chronotype and emotional eating among adolescents is limited. Thus, this study aimed to verify the association between chronotype and emotional eating in a sample of Spanish adolescents aged 12-17 years.

Visualization of the research landscape on the 20 m shuttle run test in the last 15 years: bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer of the most cited studies.

Introduction: Various studies have applied the 20-meter shuttle run test (20mSRT) to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness in different population groups, with the aim of associating test performance with the physiological, psychosocial, and cognitive health of children and young people. However, to date, no bibliometric review that analyzes the research landscape has been conducted. The objective was to conduct a bibliometric review to develop an overview of the current state of scientific literature and identify research trends in the study of the 20mSRT in the Web of Science and PubMed databases.

Relationship Between the Use of Screens and the Motor Development of Children from 8 to 10 Years of Age.

Background: The considerable increase in screen exposure causes negative effects on the motor development of boys and girls, which results in a decrease in the level of physical activity and an increase in sedentary behaviors. In Chile, this problem has been widely addressed in adolescence; however, it is necessary to address it in childhood and early adolescence with a preventive approach.

Objectives: To know the relationship between the use of screens and motor development in children.

Effects of exercise intensity on skin temperature and muscle oxygen saturation in the thigh during and after strength resistance training.

This study aimed to describe and correlate the skin temperature (Tsk) and muscle oxygen saturation (SmO) during leg extension exercises with higher load (HL) and lower-load (LL) demands. Seventeen active men (age: 25.6 ± 3.

Anthropometric Characteristics and Body Composition Changes in a Five-Time Olympic Champion in Greco-Roman Wrestling: A Longitudinal Case Study Towards the Paris 2024 Olympic Games.

: This case study examines the anthropometric characteristics and body composition changes of a 41-year-old Cuban Greco-Roman 130 kg wrestler, a five-time Olympic gold medalist (2008-2024). To optimize his preparation for the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, another athlete participated in the qualifying process, allowing him to train without competition gear. : The study monitored changes in body composition using anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) at three key time points in 2024: January, June, and July.

The hidden clock: how chronotype is related to depression, anxiety, and stress in adolescents - insights from the EHDLA study.

Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms are common among adolescents; however, studies exploring their relationship with chronotype in European youth populations is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the association between chronotype status and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in adolescents.

Methods: A secondary analysis of the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) cross-sectional study was performed in 703 adolescents (56.

Hydration Strategies and Body Composition Differences in Male and Female Elite Bodybuilders During Competition.

Body composition and hydration status, particularly the balance between intracellular (ICW) and extracellular (ECW) water compartments, are critical factors influencing performance and aesthetics in competitive bodybuilding. Despite their significance, limited research has explored sex-based differences in hydration strategies and their impact on competitive outcomes. : This study aimed to characterize and compare ICW and ECW distribution, as well as their relationship with key physiological parameters, between male and female elite bodybuilders during an international competition.

Air Pollution and Endurance Exercise: A Systematic Review of the Potential Effects on Cardiopulmonary Health.

This systematic review aimed to analyze the implications of endurance exercise in environments with certain levels of air pollution. This study was developed on the basis of the consensus of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The present review is supported by articles containing the main databases PubMed, Elsevier, and Web of Science (WoS), including scientific articles published in the last 20 years.