Diagnostic value of carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 15-3, and cell-free DNA as blood biomarkers in early detection of canine mammary tumor.

Introduction: Blood biomarkers play a crucial role in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumor. The present research was designed to study the diagnostic effect of serum biomarkers, namely carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), and plasma biomarker circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA); and their correlation with cytological and histopathological results.

Methods: A total of 60 blood samples were collected.

Democracy, Trust, and Political Orientation: Disentangling Mechanisms Shaping Individuals' Vaccine Attitudes.

Context: In recent decades, many countries experienced a reduction in the quality and functioning of democratic institutions and norms, accompanied by rising social distrust and opposing political views. The decline in vaccine confidence might be linked to these trends. This study explores the political factors influencing individual attitudes towards vaccination across 22 upper-middle-income and high-income countries, examining the interaction between political orientation, trust in public health authorities, and levels of democracy.

Histo-Pathological and Serological Investigation on the Occurrence of Subclinical Paratuberculosis in Slaughtered Buffaloes in Mhow, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Unlabelled: Paratuberculosis, caused by  subsp.  (MAP), is an incurable chronic disease affecting virtually all ruminants. Although buffaloes are usually considered to be more resistant than cattle, bubaline paratuberculosis displays similar gross and histological lesions.

The Occurrence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative Study.

Aim: This research aimed to investigate the occurrence and trends of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Material And Methods: During the course of the study, a total of 100 patients with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled by researchers, adhering to defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The diagnosis of NAFLD was confirmed via ultrasonography, which revealed a bright liver appearance.

Assessment of Low Level Laser Therapy on Periodontal Inflammation and Healing after Scaling and Root Planing in Chronic Periodontitis Patients - A Clinico Biochemical Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine how Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) post- Scaling and root planning (SRP) affected the inflammatory periodontal tissue caused by chronic periodontitis.

Methodology: The study involved 56 sites in 28 patients with almost bilaterally symmetrical moderate pocket depths. The sites were split into two groups at random.

Evaluation of ProBNP and Troponin I in Cases of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders and Placenta Praevia.

Introduction: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders and placenta praevia (PP) are major life-threatening obstetric complications. Pro-brain natriuretic peptide (ProBNP) and troponin I are circulatory biomarkers related to increased angiogenesis and tissue destruction.

Aims And Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the ProBNP and troponin I levels in placenta praevia and PAS and compare their levels between cases and their corresponding matched controls in terms of age, gestational age, and BMI.

Pharmacokinetics and safety of once-yearly lenacapavir: a phase 1, open-label study.

Background: Long-acting antiretrovirals can address barriers to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), such as stigma and adherence. In two phase 3 trials, twice-yearly subcutaneous lenacapavir was safe and highly efficacious for PrEP in diverse populations. Furthering long-acting PrEP efforts, this study assessed the pharmacokinetics and safety of two once-yearly intramuscular lenacapavir formulations.

Genetic and epigenetic alterations associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse neonatal outcomes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder, recognised during 24-28 weeks of pregnancy. GDM is linked with adverse newborn outcomes such as macrosomia, premature delivery, metabolic disorder, cardiovascular, and neurological disorders. Recent investigations have focused on the correlation of genetic factors such as β-cell function and insulin secretary genes (transcription factor 7 like 2, potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily q member 1, adiponectin ) on maternal metabolism during gestation leading to GDM.

Analysis of early-onset glaucoma genes in primary congenital glaucoma patients residing in North India identifies an additional case with Arg1034Cys.

Purpose: To analyze exome sequence data from Indian cases with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) for pathogenic variants.

Materials/methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, ten consecutive, unrelated patients with a clinical diagnosis of PCG residing in India were enrolled. Medical history, family history, and complete ocular examination were carried out for all patients.

Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of lenacapavir oral bridging when subcutaneous lenacapavir cannot be administered.

Objective: To assess efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of oral lenacapavir (LEN) when used as oral bridging (OB) between delayed subcutaneous (SC) LEN injections.

Design: Post-hoc analysis of participants in two clinical trials of SC LEN for HIV-1 treatment who required OB when LEN SC dosing was interrupted.

Methods: Oral LEN [300 mg once weekly (QW)] was initiated within 2 weeks of the next scheduled injection (dosing interval: 26 weeks).

Resistance Analyses in Heavily Treatment-Experienced People With HIV Treated With the Novel HIV Capsid Inhibitor Lenacapavir After 2 Years.

Background: Lenacapavir is a highly potent first-in-class inhibitor of HIV-1 capsid that was approved for the treatment of heavily treatment-experienced people with HIV-1 harboring multidrug-resistant virus, and it is used in combination with an optimized background regimen (OBR). Resistance analyses conducted after 2 years of lenacapavir treatment in the phase 2/3 CAPELLA study are described.

Methods: CAPELLA enrollment consisted of viremic cases of heavily treatment-experienced people with HIV-1 and resistance to ≥2 drugs per class in at least 3 of the 4 main drug classes.

Effect of Food Intake or Coadministration With an Acid-Reducing Agent on Lenacapavir Pharmacokinetics Following Oral Administration.

Lenacapavir is a potent, long-acting HIV-1 capsid inhibitor used in combination with other antiretrovirals to treat HIV-1 infection. The pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs may be affected by food intake or coadministration of acid-reducing agents (ARA). Two Phase 1 studies were conducted on healthy participants to evaluate the effect of food and the impact of the histamine H-receptor antagonist famotidine in parallel cohorts.

SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breast milk of women given one & two doses of COVID-19 vaccine.

Background & objectives The COVID-19 pandemic underscores the significance of vaccination in mitigating disease spread, with Covishield and Covaxin serving as pivotal vaccines in India. Breast milk, rich in vital antibodies like IgA and IgG, plays a crucial role in enhancing the immune defence of breastfeeding infants. However, limited research exists on the antibody responses in breast milk among individuals receiving single versus double doses of the COVID-19 vaccine.

Effect of Furocyst on Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance Across Different Categories of Body Mass Index in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS).

Introduction Insulin resistance is a fundamental factor in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and has been found to mediate a close association with obesity and dyslipidemia. While the anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties of fenugreek seed extracts have been demonstrated, research on its anti-hyperlipidemic properties is still in its novice stage, with inconclusive evidence. The present study assessed the impact of fenugreek seed extracts rich in furostanolic saponins (Furocyst) on lipid profiles across different categories of body mass index (BMI) in women with PCOS.

The Financial Impact of an Employee Wellness Program Focused on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction.

Background: Evidence for the effectiveness and cost-savings of workplace wellness programs (WWPs) is varied, likely due to the variability in program design, as not all WWPs meet the five-point criteria of a "comprehensive WWP" set by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Clinical evaluation of AYUSH-SL in patients receiving mass drug administration for treatment of chronic inflammatory lymphedema: A doubleblind placebo-controlled multicentric study.

Background Objectives: A 2.5-year placebo-controlled double-blind trial was conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of AYUSH-SL, a poly-herbal ayurvedic formulation on filarial lymphedema in different endemic areas of India. Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is caused by parasitic nematodes from Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, or B.

Influence of the number, timing, and types of advanced pharmacy practice experiences on residency matching.

Objective: To characterize the association between number, timing, and type of Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPEs) and likelihood of postgraduate year one (PGY1) residency match outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed among PGY1 residency-seeking pharmacy students from graduating years 2018-2021 as identified from the National Matching Services Inc. enrollee list.

Relationship Between Lipid Profile and Body Mass Index in Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Indian Women of Reproductive Age.

Introduction Characterized by a range of symptoms including irregular menstrual cycles, hirsutism, and infertility, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) also poses substantial metabolic challenges. Among these, dyslipidemia and obesity are particularly concerning due to their long-term implications for cardiovascular health. The present study explores the intricate relationship between lipid profile and body mass index (BMI) in patients with PCOS presenting to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, a tertiary care teaching hospital in Northern India.

Association of mRNA expression and polymorphism of antioxidant glutathione-S-transferase (GSTM1 and GSTT1) genes with the risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM).

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a medical complication during the gestational period in which woman who had never been diagnosed with diabetes develops hyperglycemia. Prior studies have demonstrated that the advancement of GDM and its consequences arises from a disparity between oxidants and antioxidants in the cells. The observed outcomes can be attributed to an excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cells, coupled with a reduced activity of anti-oxidative enzymes.

Umbilical Endometriosis in a Surgically Naïve Multiparous Young Female.

The existence of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterus is known as endometriosis. It is a benign estrogen-dependent gynecological condition that affects 5%-10% of women who are of reproductive age. Endometriosis often affects the ovary and fallopian tubes, although it can also occur in nonpelvic areas.