Metabolomic profiling of B13 and unveiling its antagonistic potential for the sustainable management of rice sheath blight.

Sheath blight disease is accountable for substantial loss in rice production worldwide. Endophytic bacteria are exploited as biocontrol agents due to their effectiveness in antagonizing a wide range of phytopathogens through a multifaceted approach. In the present study, the potentiality of deploying endophytic bacteria for the sustainable management of rice sheath blight was investigated.

Unraveling the genetic potential of Indian rice germplasm for reproductive stage drought tolerance.

Climate change poses a serious threat to future food security on a global scale. Drought is the most challenging abiotic stress, limiting rice production in rainfed rice ecosystems. Therefore, an experiment was designed under three distinct environments, non-stress irrigated condition, managed stress condition (Rainout shelter) and natural stress condition (Target Population of Environment) involving 500 Indian rice germplasms.

Anticancer potential of Thymoquinone from Nigella sativa L.: An in-silico and cytotoxicity study.

Nigella sativa L. widely used spice cum medicinal plant in Asia and the middle east, is renowned for its seeds and oil which possess both culinary and therapeutic purposes. Its rich content of bioactive compounds, including metabolites and phenolics, with Thymoquinone, a monoterpene quinone, emerging as key therapeutic compound significantly consideration for its various pharmacological activity with lower toxicity compared to conventional chemotherapy.

Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) rice lines using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and population structure analysis.

Thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines in rice are crucial for hybrid breeding, enhancing genetic diversity by eliminating the need for manual emasculation and restorer genes. These lines induce sterility at high temperatures and restore fertility at low temperatures, in contrast to cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) systems that require specific restorative genes. This temperature-sensitive mechanism allows for greater flexibility in pairing parent lines, increasing genetic diversity and enabling recombination of beneficial traits in hybrids.

Molecular profiling and phenotypic evaluation of thermo-sensitive genic male sterility genes for high-yielding rice hybrids ( L.).

Temperature-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) is crucial for boosting rice productivity and ensuring food security. In this study, we evaluated the morphological traits and genetic diversity of 57 rice TGMS lines under fertility-inducing (Gudalur) and sterility-inducing (Coimbatore) environments. Significant variations were observed in yield and floral characteristics, with flowering times ranging from 62.

Drought's physiological footprint: implications for crop improvement in rice.

Rice, a staple food for significant percent of the world's population, is increasingly vulnerable to drought stress, threatening global food security. This review synthesizes current knowledge on drought's physiological impact on rice, highlighting key mechanisms, responses, and adaptations. Drought stress alters rice physiology at various stages, from seed germination to grain filling, affecting yield, quality, and nutrient content.

Prioritization of candidate genes regulating the dwarfness in rice by integration of whole-genome and transcriptome analyses.

Dwarfism is a major trait for developing lodging-resistant rice cultivars. Gamma irradiation-induced mutagenesis has proven to be an effective method for generating dwarf rice mutants. In this research, we isolated a dwarf mutant from Anna R (4) in the M generation and subsequently stabilized the trait through successive selfing of progeny across the M-M generations.

Marker-assisted pseudo-backcrossing for developing climate-resilient rice.

The increased prevalence of abiotic stresses, such as salt, submergence, and drought, severely affects rice productivity. Developing a rice variety, with inbuilt resistance to these main abiotic stresses, will contribute to a long-term rise in rice yield in adverse environments. In the present study, the rice variety Improved White Ponni (IWP) a high-yielding but highly susceptible to drought, salinity, and submergence variety was introgressed with Sub1 + SalT + DTY2.

"Elucidating the immunomodulatory role of endocannabinoids in intervertebral disc degeneration".

Purpose: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been well-established to play a crucial role in the regulation of several physiological processes as well as many inflammatory disease conditions. However, its role in intervertebral disc degeneration has been least explored. We aim to investigate the immunomodulatory role of endocannabinoids in regulating IVD health.

Unleashing the Potential of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing for Yield-Related Traits in Rice.

Strategies to enhance rice productivity in response to global demand have been the paramount focus of breeders worldwide. Multiple factors, including agronomical traits such as plant architecture and grain formation and physiological traits such as photosynthetic efficiency and NUE (nitrogen use efficiency), as well as factors such as phytohormone perception and homeostasis and transcriptional regulation, indirectly influence rice grain yield. Advances in genetic analysis methodologies and functional genomics, numerous genes, QTLs (Quantitative Trait Loci), and SNPs (Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms), linked to yield traits, have been identified and analyzed in rice.

Identification of extracellular matrix proteins in plasma as a potential biomarker for intervertebral disc degeneration.

Purpose: Recently, there has been significant focus on extracellular matrix proteolysis due to its importance in the pathological progression of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). The present study investigates the circulating levels of extracellular matrix proteins in the plasma of IVDD and determines their potential relevance as biomarkers in disc degeneration.

Methods: Global proteomic analysis was performed in the plasma samples of 10 healthy volunteers (HV) and 10 diseased subjects (DS) after depletion of highly abundant proteins such as albumin and IgG.

Identifying molecular targets for modulating carotenoid accumulation in rice grains.

Carotenoids are potential antioxidants offering extensive human health benefits including protection against chronic diseases. Augmenting the supply of health-benefiting compounds/metabolites through dietary supplements is the most sustainable way for a healthy life. Our study compares the traditional rice cultivar Kavuni and the white rice variety ASD 16.

Unveiling mungbean yellow mosaic virus: molecular insights and infectivity validation in mung bean () via infectious clones.

Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) with typical symptoms of alternating bright yellow to green patches associated with stunting, downward cupping, and wrinkling has been observed in mung bean on agricultural farms in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. PCR using gene-specific primers indicated the presence of the yellow mosaic virus in symptomatic plants. Rolling circle amplification (RCA) followed by restriction digestion detected ~2.

Marker-assisted breeding accelerates the development of multiple-stress-tolerant rice genotypes adapted to wider environments.

Introduction: Rice, one of the major staple food crops is frequently affected by various biotic/abiotic stresses including drought, salinity, submergence, heat, Bacterial leaf blight, Brown plant hopper, Gall midge, Stem borer, Leaf folder etc. Sustained increase of yield growth is highly necessary to meet the projected demand in rice production during the year 2050. Hence, development of high yielding and multiple stress tolerant rice varieties adapted to wider environments will serve the need.

Does the gut microbiome influence disc health and disease? The interplay between dysbiosis, pathobionts, and disc inflammation: a pilot study.

Background Context: Gut microbiome alterations resulting in inflammatory responses have been implicated in many distant effects on different organs. However, its influence on disc health is still not fully investigated.

Purpose: Our objective was to document the gut biome in healthy volunteers and patients with disc degeneration and to understand the role of gut dysbiosis on human disc health.

Empowering rice breeding with NextGen genomics tools for rapid enhancement nitrogen use efficiency.

As rice has no physiological capacity of fixing nitrogen in the soil, its production had always been reliant on the external application of nitrogen (N) to ensure enhanced productivity. In the light of improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in rice, several advanced agronomic strategies have been proposed. However, the soared increase of the prices of N fertilizers and subsequent environmental downfalls caused by the excessive use of N fertilizers, reinforces the prerequisite adaptation of other sustainable, affordable, and globally acceptable strategies.

Metagenomics approaches in unveiling the dynamics of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPM) vis-à-vis Phytophthora sp. suppression in various crop ecological systems.

Phytophthora species are destructive pathogens causing yield losses in different ecological systems, such as potato, black pepper, pepper, avocado, citrus, and tobacco. The diversity of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) plays a crucial role in disease suppression. Knowledge of metagenomics approaches is essential for assessing the dynamics of PGPM and Phytophthora species across various ecosystems, facilitating effective management strategies for better crop protection.

Improving Crop Yield through Increasing Carbon Gain and Reducing Carbon Loss.

Photosynthesis is a process where solar energy is utilized to convert atmospheric CO into carbohydrates, which forms the basis for plant productivity. The increasing demand for food has created a global urge to enhance yield. Earlier, the plant breeding program was targeting the yield and yield-associated traits to enhance the crop yield.

Unravelling the metabolomic diversity of pigmented and non-pigmented traditional rice from Tamil Nadu, India.

Rice metabolomics is widely used for biomarker research in the fields of pharmacology. As a consequence, characterization of the variations of the pigmented and non-pigmented traditional rice varieties of Tamil Nadu is crucial. These varieties possess fatty acids, sugars, terpenoids, plant sterols, phenols, carotenoids and other compounds that plays a major role in achieving sustainable development goal 2 (SDG 2).

Identification, validation and quantification of thymoquinone in conjunction with assessment of bioactive possessions and GC-MS profiling of pharmaceutically valuable crop Nigella ( L.) varieties.

Background: Plants have been pivotal in traditional and modern medicine globally, with historical evidence supporting their therapeutic applications. Nigella ( L.) is an annual herbaceous plant of the Ranunculaceae family and is cultivated in the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and Western and Central Asia.

Genetic Diversity and Structure of (Gaertn. Roxb.) Population in India as Revealed by Genetic Analysis.

In this study, an extensive exploration survey of wild progeny was conducted which yielded 18 candidate plus trees (CPTs) of . Seeds of these CPTs were collected from diverse locations between 10°54' and 28°07' E longitude, and 76°27' and 95°32' N latitude, covering 18 different locations across 5 states of the Indian subcontinent. The objective of the progeny trial was to assess genetic associations and variability in growth and physio-chemical characteristics.

Assessing the Genetic Diversity of Parents for Developing Hybrids Through Morphological and Molecular Markers in Rice (Oryza sativa L.).

The advancement of hybrid technology plays a crucial role in addressing yield plateau and diminishing resources in rice cultivating regions. The knowledge of genetic diversity among parental lines is a prerequisite for effective hybrid breeding program. In the current study, a set of 66 parental lines was studied for diversity based on both morphological characters and microsatellite SSR markers.

Enhancing stress resilience in rice ( L.) through profiling early-stage morpho-physiological and molecular responses to multiple abiotic stress tolerance.

Under changing climatic conditions, crop plants are more adversely affected by a combination of various abiotic stresses than by a single abiotic stress. Therefore, it is essential to identify potential donors to multiple abiotic stresses for developing climate-resilient crop varieties. Hence, the present study was undertaken with 41 germplasm accessions comprising native landraces of Tamil Nadu, Prerelease lines and cultivars were screened independently for drought, salinity, and submergence at the seedling stage during Kharif and Rabi 2022-2023.