Long-Term Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV‑2 in Campus Wastewater Depicts Lineage Trends and Public Health Implications during and after Omicron Waves.

SARS-CoV-2 transmission and detection on academic campuses in low- to middle-income countries has not been explored. The present study explored wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in a campus setting in Pune, Maharashtra, India, offering insights into variant-specific trends and their correlation with clinical cases over a 2.5 year period from November 2021 to April 2024.

Tibial lengthening with LRS fixator in a pediatric patient with congenital anterolateral bowing: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Congenital anterolateral bowing of the tibia is a rare orthopedic condition that can lead to significant limb length discrepancy (LLD) during growth. Gradual limb lengthening with external fixation remains a reliable method to achieve limb equalization. LRS fixator offers a minimally invasive and adjustable treatment option for pediatric patients considering the growth potential.

Ethnoveterinary Practices Related to Captive Elephants in Sauraha, Chitwan, Nepal.

The use of medicinal plants for treating animal diseases is a longstanding and widespread practice in Nepal, providing farmers with an accessible and cost-effective option. This study aimed to document traditional knowledge regarding medicinal plants used to treat ailments in captive elephants in Sauraha, Chitwan. A total of 56 mahouts, responsible for the care of privately and government-owned captive elephants, were interviewed through face-to-face interactions.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of Er: YAG laser-assisted direct pulp capping in permanent teeth with carious exposure.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of three treatment modalities: Biodentine alone, Er: YAG laser followed by Biodentine, and Er: YAG laser alone. The primary objective was to determine whether the use of Er: YAG laser enhances the success rate of direct pulp capping (DPC) in cariously exposed permanent teeth.

Methods: This study included 42 participants with mature permanent teeth requiring DPC, randomly assigned to three groups of 14 patients each.

Outcomes of vital pulp therapy using various pulp capping agents.

Background: Preserving pulp vitality is crucial for maintaining tooth function and structure. Vital pulp therapy uses pulp capping agents to promote pulp healing and regeneration.

Aims: This study evaluated the outcomes of four different pulp capping agents.

Assessment of Biosecurity in Poultry Farms in Chitwan, Nepal.

The occurrence of poultry disease is one of the major problems for poultry farmers. Proper implementation of biosecurity practices leads to a reduction in entry, occurrence and spread of pathogens on farms, that have negative consequences for animal health, human health and economy. The goal of the study was to assess biosecurity measures implemented by broiler and layer farmers in Chitwan, Nepal.

Effect of platelet-rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor on the regenerative potential of human-induced pluripotent stem cells: A comparative analysis.

Background: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been used, while concentrated growth factor (CGF) has recently evolved as a bioscaffold in regenerative endodontics.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PRF and CGF on the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs).

Materials And Methods: CGF and PRF were fabricated from voluntarily donated human blood, and a conditioned medium was prepared.

Investigation of Drought Stress on Chickpea ( L.) Genotypes Employing Various Physiological Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Biochemical Parameters.

Drought stress is a universal crisis in sustaining the growth and production of major legumes, including the chickpea. Drought severely reduces the biomass of chickpea plants, with the effect on leaves appearing the most apparent. The aim of this study was to investigate, using various physiological and biochemical markers throughout the pod filling stage, how 78 desi chickpea genotypes tolerated drought stress.

VER-Net: a hybrid transfer learning model for lung cancer detection using CT scan images.

Background: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide, with over two million new cases per year. Early identification would allow healthcare practitioners to handle it more effectively. The advancement of computer-aided detection systems significantly impacted clinical analysis and decision-making on human disease.

Tenofovir-based first-line regimen in newly diagnosed HIV-patients: An experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in India.

Introduction: India has a huge burden of HIV/AIDS infection. Tenofovir-based first-line therapy is the preferred treatment for newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection.

Materials And Methods: The present prospective study was done among newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection.

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities, and Metabolite Profiling of Selected Medicinal Plants of Nepal.

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, antiarthritic, and anti-inflammatory properties of extracts from the leaves of twelve different medicinal plants in Nepal. We then evaluated the total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents of the extract using in-vitro assays and characterized it using GC-MS analysis. Results revealed that most of the leaf extracts contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins.

Genome Editing and Improvement of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants.

Genome editing aims to revolutionise plant breeding and could assist in safeguarding the global food supply. The inclusion of a 12-40 bp recognition site makes mega nucleases the first tools utilized for genome editing and first generation gene-editing tools. Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) are the second gene-editing technique, and because they create double-stranded breaks, they are more dependable and effective.

Molecular Advances to Combat Different Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Linseed ( L.): A Comprehensive Review.

Flax, or linseed, is considered a "superfood", which means that it is a food with diverse health benefits and potentially useful bioactive ingredients. It is a multi-purpose crop that is prized for its seed oil, fibre, nutraceutical, and probiotic qualities. It is suited to various habitats and agro-ecological conditions.

Shear bond strengths of bur or Er:YAG laser prepared dentine to composite resin with or without low-level laser conditioning: an in vitro study.

This study aims to compare the different modes of cavity preparation while evaluating the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on dentine before bonding in terms of shear bond strength between composite resin and dentine. Fifty human molar teeth were mounted on acrylic blocks and dentine specimen were prepared after which they were randomized into four equal groups. Cavity preparation mode differed in respective groups.

Breeding and Genomic Approaches towards Development of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Chickpea.

Chickpea is an important leguminous crop with potential to provide dietary proteins to both humans and animals. It also ameliorates soil nitrogen through biological nitrogen fixation. The crop is affected by an array of biotic and abiotic factors.

Bilateral symmetry and anatomical root variations of mandibular second molars in North Indian populations using cone beam computed tomography.

Background: To evaluate bilateral symmetry and anatomical variations of root morphology of permanent mandibular second molar using systematic evaluation of CBCT scans.

Material And Methods: This cross-sectional study involved the mandible which were imaged using serial axial cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) from 680 North Indian patients who visited dental hospital for various reasons unrelated to the study. CBCT Records with presence of bilateral fully erupted permanent mandibular second molars with fully formed apexes were selected.

Molecular Breeding and Drought Tolerance in Chickpea.

L. is the third greatest widely planted imperative pulse crop worldwide, and it belongs to the Leguminosae family. Drought is the utmost common abiotic factor on plants, distressing their water status and limiting their growth and development.

Comparative evaluation of remineralizing effect of fluoride and nonfluoride agents on artificially induced caries using different advanced imaging techniques.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the remineralization efficacy of remineralizing agents, i.e., fluoride-free toothpaste, fluoride toothpaste, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), CPP-amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (CPP ACFP), and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) paste on dentine over time.

Intranasal drug delivery of sumatriptan succinate-loaded polymeric solid lipid nanoparticles for brain targeting.

Migraine is a frequent neurological condition characterized by throbbing headaches, nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia, among other symptoms. Sumatriptan belongs to a BCS class III, which exhibits poor oral bioavailability and several side-effects. The objective of the present study was to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) of sumatriptan succinate for brain targeting by nasal route.

Comparative evaluation of different irrigating and irrigant activation system in removal of gutta-percha/sealer during retreatment: An in vitro Micro-CT study.

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of different irrigation and irrigant activation system used as an adjuvant to retreatment rotary files in removal of gutta-percha and sealer from endodontic retreatment using Micro-CT.

Method: 64 extracted permanent maxillary central incisor teeth with single canal, were collected and decoronated to standard length of 16 mm. Instrumentation was done using rotary files and obturation was performed using GuttaCore and AH plus sealer.

Cross-covariance based affinity for graphs.

The accuracy of graph based learning techniques relies on the underlying topological structure and affinity between data points, which are assumed to lie on a smooth Riemannian manifold. However, the assumption of local linearity in a neighborhood does not always hold true. Hence, the Euclidean distance based affinity that determines the graph edges may fail to represent the true connectivity strength between data points.

Insights from a Pan India Sero-Epidemiological survey (Phenome-India Cohort) for SARS-CoV2.

To understand the spread of SARS-CoV2, in August and September 2020, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (India) conducted a serosurvey across its constituent laboratories and centers across India. Of 10,427 volunteers, 1058 (10.14%) tested positive for SARS-CoV2 anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) antibodies, 95% of which had surrogate neutralization activity.