Metformin Enhances Doxycycline Efficacy Against : Evidence from In Vitro, In Vivo, and Morphological Studies.

() is a zoonotic pathogen that poses a significant threat to animal health and causes substantial economic losses, further aggravated by rising tetracycline resistance. To restore the efficacy of tetracyclines to , we evaluated the synergistic antibacterial activity of doxycycline combined with metformin, an FDA-approved antidiabetic agent. Among several non-antibiotic adjuvant candidates, metformin exhibited the most potent in vitro synergy with doxycycline, especially against capsular serogroup A strain (A).

CYLD suppresses infectious Bursal disease virus replication by deubiquitinating VP1.

Cylindromatosis (CYLD), a deubiquitinase (DUB), removes K63-linked ubiquitin chains from idiosyncratic zymolytes, negatively regulating multifarious signaling channels, including NF-κ B, which is implicated in various cancers. Recently, the role of CYLD in antiviral immunity has gained attention, but its involvement in infectious Bursal diseases virus (IBDV) infection remains unclear. By coimmunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry analysis, we identified CYLD as a DUB bound to IBDV VP1.

Recombinase polymerase amplification combined with CRISPR/Cas12a technology for rapid on-site detection of duck adenovirus 3.

Duck adenovirus 3 (DAdV-3) causes liver damage and bleeding, with morbidity rates ranging from 40 to 55% and mortality rates between 35 and 43%. Co-infection with other pathogens complicates disease control, significantly impacting the duck breeding industry. Currently, there have been no effective vaccines or treatments for DAdV-3.

Influence of fermented feed on lipid composition and volatile flavor profile of duck eggs: Insights from multi-omics analysis.

This study employed a multi-omics approach to examine the impact of feed fermentation on the lipid profile and volatile flavor of duck eggs. Sensory evaluation and GC × GC-TOFMS analyses demonstrated that microbial fermentation in feed significantly reduced the off-odor of duck eggs. Among the thirty-nine differential volatile compounds identified, six-namely 3-methylbutanal, 1-octen-3-ol, hexanal, acetophenone, 2-heptanone, and 2-pentylfuran-were likely responsible for the alteration in yolk aroma.

Characterization of a Capsule-Deficient Isolated from : Genomic, Phenotypic, and Virulence Insights.

is a zoonotic pathogen responsible for severe diseases in domestic and wild animals, posing threats to public health and causing substantial economic losses. Here, we describe a naturally attenuated strain, FCF147, isolated from a mortality event involving black-necked swans () in a wildlife habitat in Fujian, China. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses revealed that FCF147 is evolutionarily distant from other lineages and lacks the entire capsule gene cluster.

CRISPR/Cas12a and recombinase polymerase amplification-based rapid on-site nucleic acid detection of duck circovirus.

Background: Duck circovirus (DuCV) infections commonly induce immunosuppression and secondary infections in ducks, resulting in significant economic losses in the duck breeding industry. Currently, effective vaccines and treatments for DuCV have been lacking. Therefore, rapid, specific, and sensitive detection methods are crucial for preventing and controlling DuCV.

Development of the first officially licensed live attenuated duck hepatitis A virus type 3 vaccine strain HB80 in China and its protective efficacy against DHAV-3 infection in ducks.

Duck hepatitis A virus type 3 (DHAV-3) is an infectious virus that is highly fatal to ducklings and causes significant economic losses in the duck industry worldwide. Biosecurity and vaccination are required to control the pathogen. In the present study, we attenuated a lowly pathogenic DHAV-3 clinical isolate, named as HB, by serial passaging in duck embryos, and followed by several adaptive proliferations in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos.

Genomic analysis reveals the population structure and antimicrobial resistance of avian Pasteurella multocida in China.

Objectives: To investigate the population structure and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of avian Pasteurella multocida in China.

Methods: Utilizing WGS analysis, we explored the phylogeny using a dataset of 546 genomes, comprising avian P. multocida isolates from China (n = 121), the USA (n = 165), Australia(n = 153), Bangladesh (n = 3) and isolates of other hosts from China (n = 104).

The identification and expression of an interleukin-21 receptor in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

Background: We identified a homologue of IL-21R (LcIL-21R) in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea, Lc). Our investigation focused on understanding the molecular structural features and immune function of LcIL-21R.

Methods: We cloned the LcIL-21R gene from the genome of Larimichthys crocea by RT‒PCR, and the molecular and structural characteristics of LcIL-21R were analyzed by a series of protein analysis tools.

PRMT5 Facilitates Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Replication through Arginine Methylation of VP1.

The infectious bursal diseases virus (IBDV) polymerase, VP1 protein, is responsible for transcription, initial translation and viral genomic replication. Knowledge about the new kind of post-translational modification of VP1 supports identification of novel drugs against the virus. Because the arginine residue is known to be methylated by protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) enzyme, we investigated whether IBDV VP1 is a substrate for known PRMTs.

Phosphorylation of VP1 Mediated by CDK1-Cyclin B1 Facilitates Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Replication.

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus belonging to the genus in the family . It can cause serious failure of vaccination in young poultry birds with impaired immune systems. Post-translational modifications of the VP1 protein are essential for viral RNA transcription, genome replication, and viral multiplication.

Whole-genome analysis reveals possible sources of ALV-J infection in an anyi tile-like gray chicken flock.

Avian leukosis virus (ALV) induces multiple tumors in chicken and is still prevalent in a lot of local flocks in China. In this study, we analyzed the ALV infection status in an Anyi tile-like gray chicken flock by DF1-cells isolation, virus identification, and genome sequencing. Results showed a 29% (29/100) ALV positive rate in this flock.

WITHDRAWN: Molecular Evolution and Amino Acid Characteristics of Main Antigen Genes of Clinical Duck-Derived H5N6 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus in East China from 2015 to 2019.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.

ATG12 is involved in the antiviral immune response in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

ATG12, a core autophagy protein, forms a conjugate with ATG5 to promote the formation of autophagosome membrane, and plays an important role in antiviral immunity. However, little is known about the function of ATG12 in fish. Here, we cloned the open reading frame (ORF) of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) ATG12 (LcATG12), which is 354 nucleotides long and encodes a protein of 117 amino acids.

Differential metabolism-associated gene expression of duck pancreatic cells in response to two strains of duck hepatitis A virus type 1.

Several outbreaks of duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1), which were characterized by yellow coloration and hemorrhage in pancreatic tissues, have occurred in China. The causative agent is called pancreatitis-associated DHAV-1. The mechanisms involved in pancreatitis-associated DHAV-1 infection are still unclear.

Molecular characterization and role in virus infection of Beclin-1 in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

Beclin-1, the ortholog of yeast autophagy-related gene 6 (Atg6), has a central role in autophagy, which has been linked to diverse biological processes including immunity, development, tumor suppression, and lifespan extension. However, understanding of function of fish Beclin-1 is limited now. In this study, the complete Beclin-1 cDNA of large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea (LcBeclin-1) was cloned, whose open reading frame (ORF) is 1344 bp long and encodes a protein of 447 amino acids (aa).

Development of monoclonal antibody against IgT of a perciform fish, large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and characterization of IgT B cells.

Teleost immunoglobulin T (IgT) is considered to be a primitive immunoglobulin class specialized in mucosal immunity. In the present study, a recombinant protein containing the CH2 region of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) IgT heavy chain was expressed, purified, and used as an immunogen to produce a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against large yellow croaker IgT. Western blotting results indicated that the obtained mouse anti-IgT mAb could specifically recognize a 45 kDa protein in the skin mucus of large yellow croaker, which was identified as the IgT heavy chain by mass spectrometric analysis.

First report of the multiresistance gene cfr in Pasteurella multocida strains of avian origin from China.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and genetic environment of the multiresistance gene cfr gene in Pasteurella multocida of avian origin from China.

Methods: A total of 113 P. multocida isolates were collected from sick poultries (ducks, chickens and geese) from 2003 to 2016 in Southern China and were screened for the presence of the cfr gene by PCR.

Specific detection and differentiation of classic goose parvovirus and novel goose parvovirus by TaqMan real-time PCR assay, coupled with host specificity.

Background: Classic goose parvovirus (cGPV) causes high mortality and morbidity in goslings and Muscovy ducklings. Novel GPV (N-GPV) causes short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS) in Cherry Valley ducks, Pekin ducks and Mule ducks. Both cGPV and N-GPV have relatively strict host specificity, with obvious differences in pathogenicity.

Specific detection of the novel goose astrovirus using a TaqMan real-time RT-PCR technology.

Recently, a novel goose astrovirus (N-GoAstV) was discovered in China, with the transmission route of N-GoAstV unclear. In this study, we developed a TaqMan-based real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay for the detection of N-GoAstV infection. After the optimization of the qRT-PCR assay conditions, the results demonstrated that the lower limit of detection for N-GoAstV was 33.

A duplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of Muscovy duck parvovirus and goose parvovirus.

Both Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV) and goose parvovirus (GPV) can cause high mortality and morbidity in Muscovy ducklings. MDPVs and GPVs share high nucleotide identity, which can cause errors during differential diagnosis. In this study, the NS genes of both MDPVs and GPVs were chosen for the design of specific primers after genetic comparison.

Novel goose parvovirus in domestic Linwu sheldrakes with short beak and dwarfism syndrome, China.

Recently, short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS) had a sudden outbreak in Cherry Valley duck flocks, followed by Pekin ducks and mule ducks in various regions of mainland China. This widely spreading infectious disease was characterized by growth retardation, smaller beak and tarsus with high morbidity and low mortality rate. In this study, we identified and characterized virus from domestic Linwu sheldrakes (namely as HuN18) with SBDS.