The parsley genome assembly and DNA methylome shed light on apigenin biosynthesis in the Apiaceae.

Parsley [Petroselinum crispum (Mill.)] is a medicinal and edible vegetable of the Apiaceae family that is rich in apigenin. The Apiaceae family is well known for its diverse secondary metabolites.

Meiotic crossovers revealed by differential visualization of homologous chromosomes using enhanced haplotype oligo-painting in cucumber.

The interaction dynamics of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, such as recognition, pairing, synapsis, recombination, and segregation are vital for species fertility and genetic diversity within populations. Meiotic crossover (CO), a prominent feature of meiosis, ensures the faithful segregation of homologous chromosomes and enriches genetic diversity within a population. Nevertheless, visually distinguishing homologous chromosomes and COs remains an intractable challenge in cytological studies, particularly in non-model or plants with small genomes, limiting insights into meiotic dynamics.

The CsPPR gene with RNA-editing function involved in leaf color asymmetry of the reciprocal hybrids derived from Cucumis sativus and C. hystrix.

The leaf color asymmetry found in the reciprocal hybrids C. hystrix × C. sativus (HC) and C.

Characterization and fine mapping of cold-inducible parthenocarpy in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

Cold stress detrimentally influences fruit development, leading to a substantial yield reduction in many fruit-bearing vegetables. Cucumber, a vegetable of subtropical origin, is especially sensitive to cold. Cold-inducible parthenocarpy (CIP) promises fruit yield under cold conditions.

Characterization of the CsCENH3 protein and centromeric DNA profiles reveal the structures of centromeres in cucumber.

Centromeres in eukaryotes mediate the accurate segregation of chromosomes during cell division. They serve as essential functional units of chromosomes and play a core role in the process of genome evolution. Centromeres are composed of satellite repeats and highly repetitive centromeric retrotransposons (CRs), which vary greatly even among closely related species.

The high-quality genome of Cryptotaenia japonica and comparative genomics analysis reveals anthocyanin biosynthesis in Apiaceae.

Cryptotaenia japonica, a traditional medicinal and edible vegetable crops, is well-known for its attractive flavors and health care functions. As a member of the Apiaceae family, the evolutionary trajectory and biological properties of C. japonica are not clearly understood.

Rapid and visual monitoring of alien sequences using crop wild relatives specific oligo-painting: The case of cucumber chromosome engineering.

Wild species related to domesticated crops (crop wild relatives, or CWRs) represent a high level of genetic diversity that provides a practical gene pool for crop pre-breeding employed to address climate change and food demand challenges globally. Nevertheless, rapid identifying and visual tracking of alien chromosomes and sequences derived from CWRs have been a technical challenge for crop chromosome engineering. Here, a species-specific oligonucleotide (oligo) pool was developed by using the reference genome of Cucumis hystrix (HH, 2n = 2x = 24), a wild species carrying many favorable traits and interspecific compatibility with cultivated cucumber (C.

Reconstruction of ancestral karyotype illuminates chromosome evolution in the genus Cucumis.

Karyotype dynamics driven by complex chromosome rearrangements constitute a fundamental issue in evolutionary genetics. The evolutionary events underlying karyotype diversity within plant genera, however, have rarely been reconstructed from a computed ancestral progenitor. Here, we developed a method to rapidly and accurately represent extant karyotypes with the genus, Cucumis, using highly customizable comparative oligo-painting (COP) allowing visualization of fine-scale genome structures of eight Cucumis species from both African-origin and Asian-origin clades.

Whole-Genome Sequence of Synthesized Allopolyploids in Reveals Insights into the Genome Evolution of Allopolyploidization.

The importance of allopolyploidy in plant evolution has been widely recognized. The genetic changes triggered by allopolyploidy, however, are not yet fully understood due to inconsistent phenomena reported across diverse species. The construction of synthetic polyploids offers a controlled approach to systematically reveal genomic changes that occur during the process of polyploidy.

Complete chloroplast genome sequencing and comparative analysis reveals changes to the chloroplast genome after allopolyploidization in .

Allopolyploids undergo "genomic shock" leading to significant genetic and epigenetic modifications. Previous studies have mainly focused on nuclear changes, while little is known about the inheritance and changes of organelle genome in allopolyploidization. The synthetic allotetraploid , which is generated via hybridization between and , is a useful model system for studying cytonuclear variation.

Global Profiling of lncRNAs Expression Responsive to Allopolyploidization in .

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical regulatory roles in various biological processes. However, the presence of lncRNAs and how they function in plant polyploidy are still largely unknown. Hence, we examined the profile of lncRNAs in a nascent allotetraploid (S), its diploid parents, and the F hybrid, to reveal the function of lncRNAs in plant-interspecific hybridization and whole genome duplication.

Development of alien addition lines from in : cytological and molecular marker analyses.

Transferring desired genes from wild species to cultivars through alien addition lines (AALs) has been shown to be an effective method for genetic improvement. Chakr. (HH, 2 = 24) is a wild species of that possesses many resistant genes.

Oligo-painting and GISH reveal meiotic chromosome biases and increased meiotic stability in synthetic allotetraploid Cucumis ×hytivus with dysploid parental karyotypes.

Background: Meiosis of newly formed allopolyploids frequently encounter perturbations induced by the merging of divergent and hybridizable genomes. However, to date, the meiotic properties of allopolyploids with dysploid parental karyotypes have not been studied in detail. The allotetraploid Cucumis ×hytivus (HHCC, 2n = 38) was obtained from interspecific hybridization between C.

Flexible chromosome painting based on multiplex PCR of oligonucleotides and its application for comparative chromosome analyses in Cucumis.

Chromosome painting is a powerful technique for chromosome and genome studies. We developed a flexible chromosome painting technique based on multiplex PCR of a synthetic oligonucleotide (oligo) library in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., 2n = 14).

Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Coevolution Analysis of RuBisCO in Synthesized Allopolyploid.

Allopolyploids are often faced with the challenge of maintaining well-coordination between nuclear and cytoplasmic genes inherited from different species. The synthetic allotetraploid is a useful model to explore cytonuclear coevolution. In this study, the sequences and expression of cytonuclear enzyme complex RuBisCO as well as its content and activity in were compared to its parents to explore plastid-nuclear coevolution.

Identification of all homoeologous chromosomes of newly synthetic allotetraploid Cucumis × hytivus and its wild parent reveals stable subgenome structure.

Allopolyploidy and homoeologous recombination are two important processes in reshaping genomes and generating evolutionary novelties. Newly formed allopolyploids usually display chromosomal perturbations as a result of pairing errors at meiosis. To understand mechanisms of stabilization of allopolyploid species derived from distant chromosome bases, we investigated mitotic stability of a synthetic Cucumis allotetraploid species in relation to meiosis chromosome behavior.