Bronchoalveolar Lavages Combined With Glucocorticoids in Management of Acute Exogenous Lipoid Pneumonia: 3 Case Reports.

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) is a rare disease with both acute and chronic forms. This paper primarily summarizes the diagnosis and treatment process of bronchoalveolar lavage combined with glucocorticoids treatment of acute ELP caused by aspiration of liquid hydrocarbons (e.g.

Role of Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells in COPD.

Background: Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are specialized airway epithelial cells with dual sensory and secretory functions. They release bioactive mediators --including neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), and neurotransmitters such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) --that regulate airway smooth-muscle tone, mucus production, and immune responses. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), these PNEC-derived mediators contribute to airway inflammation, remodeling, and smooth-muscle dysfunction.

Fine particulate matter contributes to the development of atherosclerosis via miR-3529-3p encapsulated in extracellular vesicles.

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) has been closely correlated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The present study elucidates the mechanism by which PM induces vascular endothelial injury and accelerates atherosclerosis through alveolar macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (AMs-EVs). Utilizing ApoE mice and in vitro models, it was demonstrated that PM exposure provokes pulmonary inflammation and M1 macrophage polarization, thereby augmenting the release of AMs-EVs.

Astragaloside IV attenuates TGF-β-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pulmonary fibrosis via suppressing NLRP3 expression .

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a severe chronic disease. Although astragaloside IV (ASV) is known to have therapeutic effects on PF, the therapeutic targets of ASV require further study. This study was designed to elucidate the regulatory effect of ASV on PF via NLRP3.

A scoring system to effectively evaluate central nervous system tuberculosis in patients with military tuberculosis.

There is currently no convenient way to effectively evaluate whether a miliary tuberculosis patient is complicated with central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis. We aimed to find such a way by analyzing the clinical data of these patients. Fifty patients with confirmed miliary tuberculosis and 31 patients with confirmed miliary tuberculosis complicated with CNS tuberculosis from 2010 to 2014 were selected.

Mimicking pancreatic malignancy: a systemic sarcoidosis.

Systemic sarcoidosis that initially presents as a pancreatic mass has rarely been reported. A 47-year-old man presented with idiopathic epigastric abdominal pain. Abdominal CT showed multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the retroperitoneal area and a suspected tumor mass in the pancreatic head region.

Gefitinib in combination with prednisolone to avoid interstitial lung disease during non-small cell lung cancer treatment: A case report.

Gefitinib-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a rare but lethal drug adverse event, which usually leads to the withdrawal of gefitinib and causes complications with anticancer treatment. In this study, gefitinib administration combined with prednisolone in a female with stage IIIb non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) produced a good outcome without inducing ILD. The results suggested that combined administration of gefitinib with glucocorticoids may be an efficient method to treat NSCLC while avoiding complications with ILD.

[The relationships between oxygenation index and prognosis in acute respiratory failure patients treated by invasive mechanical ventilation].

Objective: To investigate the effect of oxygenation index (PaO(2)/FiO(2)) on patients' prognosis through comparative analyzing the monitoring indicators of acute respiratory failure patients treated by invasive mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Data from 91 acute respiratory failure patients treated by invasive mechanical ventilation in respiration intensive care unit (ICU) of the General Hospital of PLA of Lanzhou from November 2006 to August 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into survival group (n=55) and death group (n=36) by the outcome, the critical severity scores of the diseases and changes in blood gas analysis during ventilation were compared, and their correlation with prognosis were analyzed.

Comparative study of solitary thin-walled cavity lung cancer with computed tomography and pathological findings.

Background: Solitary thin-walled cavity lung cancer is a specific form of lung cancer, the diagnosis of which remains a formidable challenge.

Objective: By comparing the computed tomography (CT) presentations and pathological findings, the purpose of present study was to explain the possible mechanism of thin-walled cavity formation and to improve the diagnostic accuracy for this disease.

Methods: The medical records of eighteen patients with solitary thin-walled cavity lung cancer were analyzed retrospectively.

Early clinical diagnosis of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer.

The diagnosis of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (SMPLC) remains a formidable challenge. The aim of the present study was to identify useful clues for the clinical diagnosis of SMPLC, in particular for the early stages. The medical records of 10 patients diagnosed with SMPLC with different histological types were analyzed retrospectively.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis arising in trachea not affecting larynx.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is an infrequent benign neoplasm commonly involving the upper respiratory tract with laryngeal predilection. The diagnosis and treatment of this disease are challenging due to its nonspecific clinical presentations and recurrent nature. We report here a rare juvenile case of RRP arising in the trachea without laryngeal lesions.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: an overview.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) primarily caused by human papillomas virus is a rare and benign neoplasm, primarily involving the epithelium mucosae of the respiratory tract. RRP may occur anywhere in the respiratory tract with a predilection to the laryngeal area and may potentially threaten life. Because of the absence of specific clinical manifestations, the diagnosis of this disease is easily delayed.

Xuebijing protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in rabbits.

Interleukin (IL)-23 has been identified as a member of the IL-12 cytokine family. It plays an important role in inflammation. To demonstrate the changes of IL-23 in acute lung injury (ALI) and investigate the protective effect of Xuebijing in ALI and the underlying molecular mechanism, ALI was induced by intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 750 microg/kg).

Clinical stage of lung cancer revised by accidental pneumothorax and positron emission tomography.

Clinical lung cancer staging is an important basis for choosing treatment modalities and prognosing outcomes. However, it is not always accurate. We reported an interesting process of clinically staging in a case with lung cancer.

[Clinical analysis of value of different modes of respiratory support in the treatment of critical patients].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the successful results with different methods and time of initiation of respiratory support in critically ill patients.

Methods: The clinical data of 458 critical care patients were reviewed and analyzed. Among the patients, there were 47 cases of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, 105 cases of acute airway obstruction, 156 cases of acute respiratory failure, and 150 cases of chronic respiratory failure.