Supramolecular alternating copolymers with highly efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer.

This article reports alternating supramolecular copolymerization of two naphthalene-diimide (NDI)-derived building blocks (NDI-1 and NDI-2) under thermodynamic control. Both monomers contain a central NDI chromophore, attached to a hydrocarbon-chain and a carboxylic-acid group. The NDI core in NDI-2 is symmetrically substituted with two butane-thiol groups, which makes it distinct from NDI-1.

Removal of Non-Specifically Bound Proteins Using Rayleigh Waves Generated on ST-Quartz Substrates.

Label-free biosensors are plagued by the issue of non-specific protein binding which negatively affects sensing parameters such as sensitivity, selectivity, and limit-of-detection. In the current work, we explore the possibility of using the Rayleigh waves in ST-Quartz devices to efficiently remove non-specifically bound proteins via acoustic streaming. A coupled-field finite element (FE) fluid structure interaction (FSI) model of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device based on ST-Quartz substrate in contact with a liquid loading was first used to predict trends in forces related to SAW-induced acoustic streaming.

Fluorescence Detection of miRNA-21 Using Au/Pt Bimetallic Tubular Micromotors Driven by Chemical and Surface Acoustic Wave Forces.

In this study, surface acoustic wave (SAW) systems are described for the removal of molecules that are unbound to micromotors, thereby lowering the detection limit of the cancer-related biomarker miRNA-21. For this purpose, in the first step, mass production of the Au/Pt bimetallic tubular micromotor was performed with a simple membrane template electrodeposition. The motions of catalytic Au/Pt micromotors in peroxide fuel media were analyzed under the SAW field effect.

Prevention of Covid-19 affected patient using multi robot cooperation and Q-learning approach: a solution.

Combat with the novel corona virus (COVID-19) has become challenging for all the frontline warriors like, medic people, police and other service provider. Many technology and intelligent algorithms have been developed to set the boundary in its incremental growth. This paper proposed a concept to set the boundary on spreading of this disease among the medic people, who are directly exposed to the COVID-19 patient.

Effects of Stereochemistry and Hydrogen Bonding on Glycopolymer-Amyloid-β Interactions.

Saccharide stereochemistry plays an important role in carbohydrate functions such as biological recognition processes and protein binding. Synthetic glycopolymers with pendant saccharides of controlled stereochemistry provide an attractive approach for the design of polysaccharide-inspired biomaterials. Acrylamide-based polymers containing either β,d-glucose or β,d-galactose pendant groups, designed to mimic GM1 ganglioside saccharides, and their small-molecule analogues were used to evaluate the effect of stereochemistry on glycopolymer solution aggregation processes alone and in the presence of Aβ42 peptide using dynamic light scattering, gel permeation chromatography-multiangle laser light scattering, and fluorescence assays.

Repurposing of Glycine-Rich Proteins in Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in the Lone-Star Tick ().

Tick feeding requires the secretion of a huge number of pharmacologically dynamic proteins and other molecules which are vital for the formation of the cement cone, the establishment of the blood pool and to counter against the host immune response. Glycine-rich proteins (GRP) are found in many organisms and can function in a variety of cellular processes and structures. The functional characterization of the GRPs in the tick salivary glands has not been elucidated.

DNA translocation through polyelectrolyte-modified nanopores: An analytical approximation.

An analytical model for the electrophoretic speed of DNA translocating through nanopore functionalized with polyelectrolyte (PE) brush is developed for the first time. The electrophoretic speed depends on DNA surface potential, applied electric field, viscosity, and permittivity of solution along with velocity and electrostatic potential at liquid-polyelectrolyte layer (PEL) interface where the interface seemed to behave similar to that of a solid-state nanopore wall. Under the limit of Debye-Hückel linearization, the electrostatic potential at liquid-PEL interface and at DNA surface have been calculated.

Aqueous RAFT Synthesis of Glycopolymers for Determination of Saccharide Structure and Concentration Effects on Amyloid β Aggregation.

GM1 ganglioside is known to promote amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide aggregation in Alzheimer's disease. The roles of the individual saccharides and their distribution in this process are not understood. Acrylamide-based glycomonomers with either β-d-glucose or β-d-galactose pendant groups were synthesized to mimic the stereochemistry of saccharides present in GM1 and characterized via H NMR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

Strain-specific Fibril Propagation by an Aβ Dodecamer.

Low molecular weight oligomers of amyloid-β (Aβ) have emerged as the primary toxic agents in the etiology of Alzheimer disease (AD). Polymorphism observed within the aggregation end products of fibrils are known to arise due to microstructural differences among the oligomers. Diversity in aggregate morphology correlates with the differences in AD, cementing the idea that conformational strains of oligomers could be significant in phenotypic outcomes.

Effect of thermodiffusion on pH-regulated surface charge properties of nanoparticle.

Surface properties of nanoparticle are of high importance in the field of biotechnology, drug delivery and micro/nanofabrication. In this article, we developed a comprehensive theoretical model and subsequently solved that numerically to study the effect of thermodiffusion of ions on surface charge properties of nanoparticle. The theoretical study has been done considering silica nanoparticle for two aqueous solutions NaCl and KCl.

Genetic variation among world populations: inferences from 100 Alu insertion polymorphisms.

We examine the distribution and structure of human genetic diversity for 710 individuals representing 31 populations from Africa, East Asia, Europe, and India using 100 Alu insertion polymorphisms from all 22 autosomes. Alu diversity is highest in Africans (0.349) and lowest in Europeans (0.