A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Management of Post-COVID-19 Olfactory Dysfunction in a Pediatric Population.

Olfactory impairment is an important sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection with potential long-term implications. Of treatments posited for post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction (OD), the strongest evidence supports olfactory training (OT) and topical steroids; however, a direct comparison of these treatments has yet to be published. Our objective was to directly compare the efficacy of OT versus budesonide irrigations for the treatment of post-COVID-19 OD in a pediatric population.

Management and Outcomes of Postoperative Airway Obstruction in Patients After Tissue-Augmentation Palatoplasty.

Objective: To characterize postoperative airway obstruction and evaluate management strategies in pediatric patients with cleft palate following tissue-augmentation palatoplasty (TAP).

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Single academic center.

Heteroepitaxial growth of highly anisotropic SbSe films on GaAs.

The epitaxial integration of anisotropic materials with mainstream cubic semiconductors opens new routes to advanced electronic and photonic devices with directional properties. In this work, we synthesize heteroepitaxial thin films of orthorhombic "quasi-1D" SbSe on cubic GaAs(001) using molecular beam epitaxy. Traditionally, the synthesis of anisotropic films with low symmetry materials is challenging due to multiple grain orientations that form.

Comparing infection rates with wire, plate and intramedullary nail fixation of open metacarpal and phalangeal fractures.

This retrospective study compares infection-related outcomes between wire, plate and intramedullary nail fixation of open, metacarpal and phalangeal fractures. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, there was no difference in infection rate and reoperation rate for infection.

The Evolution of Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancer Treatment.

Objective: The management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has substantially changed over the past two centuries. This review explores the historical progression of HNSCC management focusing on the multidisciplinary treatment paradigm.

Data Sources: This review synthesizes data from historical and current clinical trials, books, scientific reports, public documents, and other written material relevant to HNSCC management.

Disparities in Surgical Intervention in Pediatric Patients With Submucous Cleft Palate and Velopharyngeal Dysfunction.

Objective: To evaluate factors impacting access to and timing of surgery in patients with submucous cleft palate (SMCP) and velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Single academic medical center.

Disparities in Medication Prescriptions and Post-Tracheostomy Outcomes in Pediatric Patients.

Background: Granulation tissue formation and tracheitis are common pediatric tracheostomy complications. Ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone is frequently prescribed, but the influence of social determinants on this topic is unexplored.

Methods: This study extends a prior cohort study of pediatric tracheostomy patients at a single academic institution from 2016 to 2020.

Network Analysis of Women in Otolaryngology and Demographic Trends.

Objective: This study analyzes gender disparities between men and women otolaryngology faculty in the top 20 otolaryngology departments ranked by research output and discusses the implications of these disparities.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of all articles published by faculty from January 2020 to December 2021 at the top 20 otolaryngology departments as ranked by Doximity's 2022 research output report. Integrated data from Web of Science, faculty directories, and NIH RePORT were used to collect data on faculty.

Chemically Tailored Growth of 2D Semiconductors via Hybrid Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are an exciting platform for excitonic physics and next-generation electronics, creating a strong demand to understand their growth, doping, and heterostructures. Despite significant progress in solid-source (SS-) and metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), further optimization is necessary to grow highly crystalline 2D TMDCs with controlled doping. Here, we report a hybrid MOCVD growth method that combines liquid-phase metal precursor deposition and vapor-phase organo-chalcogen delivery to leverage the advantages of both MOCVD and SS-CVD.

Impact of ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone on pediatric tracheostomy outcomes.

Objective(s): To investigate the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone in reducing granulation tissue post-tracheostomy in pediatric patients.

Methods: This cohort study examined pediatric patients with a tracheostomy at a single academic institution from 2016 to 2020. Exclusion criteria included: deceased within 1 year (n = 38), >16 years of age (n = 21), decannulated within 1 year (n = 15), lost to follow-up within 1 year (n = 6), and revision tracheostomy (n = 2).

Closing the Loop on Revision: The Impact of Emotional Well-being on Elective Revision After Breast Reconstruction.

Background: A diagnosis of breast cancer has a significant impact on a patient's physical and emotional health. Breast reconstruction improves quality of life and self-esteem following mastectomy. However, many patients undergo additional elective revision procedures after reconstruction.

Expanded Stability of Layered SnSe-PbSe Alloys and Evidence of Displacive Phase Transformation from Rocksalt in Heteroepitaxial Thin Films.

Bulk PbSnSe has a two-phase region, or miscibility gap, as the crystal changes from a van der Waals-bonded orthorhombic 2D layered structure in SnSe-rich compositions to the related 3D-bonded rocksalt structure in PbSe-rich compositions. This structural transition drives a large contrast in the electrical, optical, and thermal properties. We realize low temperature direct growth of epitaxial PbSnSe thin films on GaAs via molecular beam epitaxy using an PbSe surface treatment and show a significantly reduced two-phase region by stabilizing the layered structure out to PbSnSe, beyond the bulk limit around PbSnSe at low temperatures.

Magnetic Vortex Nanodiscs Enable Remote Magnetomechanical Neural Stimulation.

Magnetic nanomaterials in magnetic fields can serve as versatile transducers for remote interrogation of cell functions. In this study, we leveraged the transition from vortex to in-plane magnetization in iron oxide nanodiscs to modulate the activity of mechanosensory cells. When a vortex configuration of spins is present in magnetic nanomaterials, it enables rapid control over their magnetization direction and magnitude.