Intravenous lipid emulsion for a life-threatening prothipendyl intoxication.

Prothipendyl, a lipophilic neuroleptic drug, requires a careful dosage regimen due to its potential side effects, including life-threatening arrhythmias.This report outlines a case of severe prothipendyl intoxication, its management and the successful utilisation of Intralipid, an intravenous lipid emulsion, in treating ventricular arrhythmia postmassive prothipendyl ingestion. Additionally, the mechanism of action of Intralipid and the rebound concentration of the lipophilic drug in such scenarios are discussed.

Clinical practice guidelines: management of severe bronchiolitis in infants under 12 months old admitted to a pediatric critical care unit.

Purpose: We present guidelines for the management of infants under 12 months of age with severe bronchiolitis with the aim of creating a series of pragmatic recommendations for a patient subgroup that is poorly individualized in national and international guidelines.

Methods: Twenty-five French-speaking experts, all members of the Groupe Francophone de Réanimation et Urgence Pédiatriques (French-speaking group of paediatric intensive and emergency care; GFRUP) (Algeria, Belgium, Canada, France, Switzerland), collaborated from 2021 to 2022 through teleconferences and face-to-face meetings. The guidelines cover five areas: (1) criteria for admission to a pediatric critical care unit, (2) environment and monitoring, (3) feeding and hydration, (4) ventilatory support and (5) adjuvant therapies.

Non-Neurological Complications after Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Introduction: The global burden of stroke is high and mechanical thrombectomy is the cornerstone of the treatment. Incidences of acute non-neurological-complications are poorly described. Improve knowledge about these complications may allow to better prevent, detect and/or manage them.

Semiautomated Regional Citrate Anticoagulation for Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy: An Observational Study in Young Children.

Objectives: To review use of semiautomated regional citrate anticoagulation (saRCA) for continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) in young children.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Three independent PICUs.

Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia by noble metal coating of endotracheal tubes: a multi-center, randomized, double-blind study.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) causes increased mortality, prolonged hospital stay and increased healthcare costs. Prevention of VAP in intensive care units (ICUs) is currently based on several measures, and application of noble metal coating on medical devices has been shown to inhibit the bacterial adherence of microorganisms to the surface. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential benefit of noble metal coating of endotracheal tubes for the prevention of VAP.

Management of parapneumonic pleural effusion in children: Is there a role for corticosteroids when conventional nonsurgical management fails? A single-center 15-year experience.

Objective: Description of the use of corticosteroids for the management of parapneumonic pleural effusion in children.

Methods: Retrospective single-center observational study of all children hospitalized with a diagnosis of parapneumonic pleural effusion during a 15-year period.

Results: We documented 97 cases of parapneumonic effusion during the study period, with a median age (interquartile range [IQR]) of 43 (33-61) months.

Predictors of Mortality and Effect of Drug Therapies in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

We conducted a multicenter cohort study to determine the effect of drug therapies on survival in mechanically ventilated patients with coronavirus disease 2019. All consecutive adult patients admitted to ICU for coronavirus disease 2019 from March 1, 2020, to April 25, 2020, and under invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours were included. Out of 2,003 patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019, 361 were admitted to ICU, 257 were ventilated for more than 24 hours, and 247 were included in the study.

How 217 Pediatric Intensivists Manage Anemia at PICU Discharge: Online Responses to an International Survey.

Objective: To describe the management of anemia at PICU discharge by pediatric intensivists.

Design: Self-administered, online, scenario-based survey.

Setting: PICUs in Australia/New Zealand, Europe, and North America.

Pediatric Plasma and Platelet Transfusions on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Subgroup Analysis of Two Large International Point-Prevalence Studies and the Role of Local Guidelines.

Objectives: To describe the indications and thresholds for plasma and platelet transfusions for pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, to compare responses to these transfusions and to describe institutional protocols directing their administration.

Design: Subgroup analysis of two prospective, observational studies paired with survey of sites who enrolled subjects into this cohort.

Setting: Fifty-one PICUs in 13 countries.

Bleeding Assessment Scale in Critically Ill Children (BASIC): Physician-Driven Diagnostic Criteria for Bleeding Severity.

Objective: Although bleeding frequently occurs in critical illness, no published definition to date describes the severity of bleeding accurately in critically ill children. We sought to develop diagnostic criteria for bleeding severity in critically ill children.

Design: Delphi consensus process of multidisciplinary experts in bleeding/hemostasis in critically ill children, followed by prospective cohort study to test internal validity.

Anemia at Discharge From the PICU: A Bicenter Descriptive Study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk markers of anemia at PICU discharge.

Design: Bicenter retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Two multidisciplinary French PICUs.

Nutritional management of young infants presenting with acute bronchiolitis in Belgium, France and Switzerland: survey of current practices and documentary search of national guidelines worldwide.

Feeding difficulties are common in young infants presenting with acute bronchiolitis, but limited data is available to guide clinicians adapting nutritional management. We aimed to assess paediatricians' nutritional practices among Western Europe French speaking countries. A survey was disseminated to describe advice given to parents for at home nutritional support, in hospital nutritional management, and preferred methods for enteral nutrition and for intravenous fluid management.

Consensus Recommendations for RBC Transfusion Practice in Critically Ill Children From the Pediatric Critical Care Transfusion and Anemia Expertise Initiative.

Objectives: To date, there are no published guidelines to direct RBC transfusion decision-making specifically for critically ill children. We present the recommendations from the Pediatric Critical Care Transfusion and Anemia Expertise Initiative.

Design: Consensus conference series of multidisciplinary, international experts in RBC transfusion management of critically ill children.

Recommendations on RBC Transfusions in Critically Ill Children With Acute Respiratory Failure From the Pediatric Critical Care Transfusion and Anemia Expertise Initiative.

Objectives: To present the recommendations and supporting literature for RBC transfusions in critically ill children with bleeding developed by the Pediatric Critical Care Transfusion and Anemia Expertise Initiative.

Design: Consensus conference series of international, multidisciplinary experts in RBC transfusion management of critically ill children.

Methods: The panel of 38 experts developed evidence-based and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based clinical recommendations as well as research priorities for RBC transfusions in critically ill children.

Anemia at pediatric intensive care unit discharge: prevalence and risk markers.

Background: Anemia is prevalent at pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission and incident during PICU stay, but little is known about anemia at PICU discharge . Anemia after critical illness is an important issue because it could impact post-PICU outcome. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of anemia at PICU discharge and to determine its risk markers.

Outcomes Related to the Use of Frozen Plasma or Pooled Solvent/Detergent-Treated Plasma in Critically Ill Children.

Objective: To determine if the use of fresh frozen plasma/frozen plasma 24 hours compared to solvent detergent plasma is associated with international normalized ratio reduction or ICU mortality in critically ill children.

Design: This is an a priori secondary analysis of a prospective, observational study. Study groups were defined as those transfused with either fresh frozen plasma/frozen plasma 24 hours or solvent detergent plasma.

Performance of the PEdiatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 score in critically ill children requiring plasma transfusions.

Background: Organ dysfunction scores, based on physiological parameters, have been created to describe organ failure. In a general pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) population, the PEdiatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 score (PELOD-2) score had both a good discrimination and calibration, allowing to describe the clinical outcome of critically ill children throughout their stay. This score is increasingly used in clinical trials in specific subpopulation.

Management of neutropenic patients in the intensive care unit (NEWBORNS EXCLUDED) recommendations from an expert panel from the French Intensive Care Society (SRLF) with the French Group for Pediatric Intensive Care Emergencies (GFRUP), the French Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (SFAR), the French Society of Hematology (SFH), the French Society for Hospital Hygiene (SF2H), and the French Infectious Diseases Society (SPILF).

Neutropenia is defined by either an absolute or functional defect (acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome) of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and is associated with high risk of specific complications that may require intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Specificities in the management of critically ill neutropenic patients prompted the establishment of guidelines dedicated to intensivists. These recommendations were drawn up by a panel of experts brought together by the French Intensive Care Society in collaboration with the French Group for Pediatric Intensive Care Emergencies, the French Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, the French Society of Hematology, the French Society for Hospital Hygiene, and the French Infectious Diseases Society.

Pediatric pre-hospital emergencies in Belgium: a 2-year national descriptive study.

Unlabelled: This study aims to describe the pediatric physician-staffed EMS missions at a national level and to compare the pediatric and the adult EMS missions. Using a national database, we analyzed 254,812 interventions including 15,294 (6 %) pediatric emergencies. Less children than adults received an intravenous infusion (52.

Non-invasive ventilation is useful in paediatric intensive care units if children are appropriately selected and carefully monitored.

Unlabelled: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is commonly used in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) for respiratory failure. This review aims to improve paediatricians' understanding of NIV, by specifying technical or practical considerations, giving advice about selecting patients and presenting pertinent published data about NIV in different circumstances.

Conclusion: NIV is useful in PICUs if children are appropriately selected and carefully monitored.

Clinical Outcomes Associated With RBC Transfusions in Critically Ill Children: A 1-Year Prospective Study.

Objective: To identify the potential complications associated with RBC transfusions.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: PICU in a tertiary children's hospital.

Indications and Effects of Plasma Transfusions in Critically Ill Children.

Rationale: Plasma transfusions are frequently prescribed for critically ill children, although their indications lack a strong evidence base. Plasma transfusions are largely driven by physician conceptions of need, and these are poorly documented in pediatric intensive care patients.

Objectives: To identify patient characteristics and to characterize indications leading to plasma transfusions in critically ill children, and to assess the effect of plasma transfusions on coagulation tests.

Red blood cell transfusion in critically ill children (CME).

Background: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are common in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). However, there are no recent data on transfusion practices in the PICU. Our objective was to determine transfusion practice in the PICU, to compare this practice with that observed 10 years earlier, and to estimate the compliance to the recommendation of a large randomized clinical trial, the Transfusion Requirements in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (TRIPICU) study.