Safety and Efficacy Profiles of the Live Attenuated Vaccine AVAC ASF LIVE for Preventing African Swine Fever in Pigs.

African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most devastating diseases affecting the global pig industry. Therefore, the development of safe and effective vaccines is crucial in combating the virus. The AVAC ASF LIVE vaccine, produced from an attenuated genotype II ASF virus (ASFV) strain with the deletion of six MGF genes and cultured in a Diep's macrophage (DMAC) cell line, has been officially licensed for use and commercialization in Vietnam.

Nuclear ribosomal transcription units in Asian Paragonimus species (Paragonimidae: Platyhelminthes): genetic characteristics, polymorphism, and implications for intersuperfamilial phylogeny.

The entire transcribed sequences (from the 5' terminus of 18S to the 3' terminus of 28S rRNA genes) of the ribosomal transcription units (rTU*) of five Asian Paragonimus species were obtained and characterized. The rTU* length was 7661 bp for P. heterotremus (LC strain, Vietnam), 7422 bp for P.

TWO NEW CERATOMYXA SPECIES (MYXOSPOREA: CERATOMYXIDAE) INFECTING THE GALL BLADDER OF MARINE FISHES FROM THE SOUTH-CENTRAL COAST OF VIETNAM.

Myxospores discovered floating free in the bile of marine fishes from the south-central coast of Vietnam were identified using morphological and molecular methods, leading to the description of 2 new species. Ceratomyxa chauvanminhi n. sp.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Eurytrema spp. Looss, 1907 detected in domestic water buffaloes and cattle in northern Vietnam.

Eurytrema spp. are pancreatic flukes belonging to the Dicrocoeliidae family. They are the cause of neglected diseases in Vietnam and are responsible for economic losses in ruminant production, particularly in water buffaloes and cattle.

Synopsis of myxosporean species (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) parasitizing fishes from Vietnam.

This paper provides an updated checklist of species-level identified myxosporeans from marine and freshwater fishes in Vietnam. The list includes 51 nominal species (38 marine and 13 freshwater) belonging to 9 genera: Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882 (26 species); Kudoa Meglitsch, 1947 (6 species); Henneguya Thélohan, 1892 (6 species); Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 (5 species); Unicapsula Davis, 1924 (2 species); Ceratomyxa Thélohan, 1892 (2 species), Zschokkella Auerbach, 1909 (2 species); Auerbachia Meglitsch, 1960 (1 species), and Meglitschia Kovaleva, 1988 (1 species). For each parasite species, information on myxospore morphology, line drawings, fish hosts, infection sites, and collection locality in Vietnam are reported.

Description of Myxobolus hoabinhensis n. sp. (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae), infecting the trunk muscles of goldfish Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in northern Vietnam.

During a survey of myxosporean parasites of freshwater fishes in northern Vietnam, myxospores resembling those of the genus Myxobolus (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) were found in the trunk muscle of 6 out of 35 specimens (17.14%) of wild goldfish Carassius auratus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). The mature spores were 12.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Ceratomyxa binhthuanensis n. sp. (Myxosporea: Ceratomyxidae) from the gall bladder of blacktip grouper Epinephelus fasciatus (Perciformes: Serranidae) in the East Sea of Vietnam.

A new myxozoan species, Ceratomyxa binhthuanensis n. sp. (Myxosporea: Ceratomyxidae), was found in the gall bladder of blacktip grouper Epinephelus fasciatus (Perciformes: Serranidae) in the East Sea of Vietnam.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Spirocerca lupi (Nematoda: Spirocercidae) from domestic dogs in Vietnam with reference to Spirocerca vulpis.

Spirocerca lupi is a common parasitic nematode associated with esophageal cancer of canids. Recent surveys have revealed an increasing number of canids infected with Spirocerca spp. in Africa, the Americas, Europe and Western Asia, and described a new species, Spirocerca vulpis, from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes).

First morphological and molecular identification of third-stage larvae of (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes in Vietnamese water.

Anisakid nematodes are parasites of cetaceans, their larval stages live in marine fishes. The third-stage larvae of some species are also the etiological agents of human anisakiasis caused by consumption of raw or undercooked infected fish. Thus, identification of larvae at the species level is crucial for their ecology and epidemiology.

Model-based spatial-temporal mapping of opisthorchiasis in endemic countries of Southeast Asia.

Opisthorchiasis is an overlooked danger to Southeast Asia. High-resolution disease risk maps are critical but have not been available for Southeast Asia. Georeferenced disease data and potential influencing factor data were collected through a systematic review of literatures and open-access databases, respectively.

A new myxosporean species, Henneguya lata n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae), from the gills of yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus (Perciformes: Sparidae) in the Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam.

During a survey of myxosporean parasites of marine fish in the coastal region of Vietnam, a species of the genus Henneguya (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) was found in the gill of yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus (Perciformes: Sparidae). White and oval cysts, measuring 145-220 μm in diameter, were detected in the gill lamellae of 4 of 15 fish examined (26.7%).

Comparative genomics and transcriptomics of 4 Paragonimus species provide insights into lung fluke parasitism and pathogenesis.

Background: Paragonimus spp. (lung flukes) are among the most injurious foodborne helminths, infecting ∼23 million people and subjecting ∼292 million to infection risk. Paragonimiasis is acquired from infected undercooked crustaceans and primarily affects the lungs but often causes lesions elsewhere including the brain.

Molecular identification of morphologically similar microcercous cercariae of two trematode families, Paragonimidae and Troglotrematidae, concurrently found in the same snail species of the subfamily Triculinae.

Microcercous cercariae possess a very short tail and are produced by digenean species of several families including medically important species, such as members of the genera Paragonimus Braun, 1899, Nanophyetus Chapin, 1927 and Troglotrema Odhner, 1914. During our survey of cercariae of Paragonimus spp. in Vietnam, we found microcercous cercariae from ten (0.

Morphological differences and molecular phylogenetic relationship of two tapeworm species, Moniezia expansa and Moniezia benedeni, collected from domestic ruminants in northern Vietnam.

Moniezia expansa and M. benedeni are two common tapeworm species of domestic ruminants over the world. However, their morphological and molecular data are available for limited specimens from a few countries.

Morphological and molecular characteristics of adult worms of Gnathostoma Owen, 1836 (Nematoda) collected from domestic pigs in Dien Bien Province, northern Vietnam.

Gnathostomes are of interest because of their unique appearance and medical importance. Among 13 valid species of the genus Gnathostoma Owen, 1836 (Nematoda: Spirurida), two species, G. doloresi Tubangui, 1925 and G.

Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Asia: An update.

Paragonimiasis, or lung fluke disease, is a typical food-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by infection with trematodes belonging to the genus Paragonimus. More than 50 species of Paragonimus have been reported throughout the world, of which seven valid species infect humans, an estimated one million people annually worldwide. Among the seven species, P.

First intermediate hosts of Paragonimus spp. in Vietnam and identification of intramolluscan stages of different Paragonimus species.

Background: Members of the genus Paragonimus require at least three hosts in their life-cycles. The obligatory first intermediate hosts are freshwater snails. In Vietnam, although seven Paragonimus species have been recorded, the natural first intermediate hosts of almost all species have not been confirmed.

Infection with Paragonimus westermani of boar-hunting dogs in Western Japan maintained via artificial feeding with wild boar meat by hunters.

Infection of boar-hunting dogs with Paragonimus westermani was investigated in Western Japan. Blood and rectal feces were collected from 441 dogs in the three districts (205 in Kinki, 131 in Chugoku and 105 in Shikoku District). In a screening ELISA for serum antibody against P.

Cross-Reactivity Pattern of Asian and American Human Gnathostomiasis in Western Blot Assays Using Crude Antigens Prepared from Gnathostoma spinigerum and Gnathostoma binucleatum Third-Stage Larvae.

Gnathostomiasis is a zoonotic parasitosis endemic in many Asian and some Latin American countries. Most human infections are caused by Gnathostoma spinigerum in Asia and Gnathostoma binucleatum in the Americas, and recently, imported cases have been increasing among travelers returning from endemic regions. Confirmation of the clinical diagnosis relies largely on serologic tests, with a G.

Gene diversity and genetic variation in lung flukes (genus Paragonimus).

Paragonimiasis caused by lung flukes (genus Paragonimus) is a neglected disease occurring in Asia, Africa and the Americas. The genus is species-rich, ancient and widespread. Genetic diversity is likely to be considerable, but investigation of this remains confined to a few populations of a few species.

Molecular differentiation of Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis eggs by multiplex real-time PCR with high resolution melting analysis.

Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis are parasites known to be carcinogenic and causative agents of cholangiocarcinoma in Asia. The standard method for diagnosis for those parasite infections is stool examination to detect parasite eggs. However, the method has low sensitivity, and eggs of O.

Paragonimus paishuihoensis metacercariae in freshwater crabs, Potamon lipkei, in Vientiane Province, Lao PDR.

Among Paragonimus species, P. paishuihoensis is one of the most mysterious and poorly understood species. Metacercariae are characterized by having a unique dendritically branched excretory bladder.

Morphological and molecular characterization of lymnaeid snails and their potential role in transmission of Fasciola spp. in Vietnam.

Freshwater snails of the family Lymnaeidae play an important role in the transmission of fascioliasis worldwide. In Vietnam, 2 common lymnaeid species, Lymnaea swinhoei and Lymnaea viridis, can be recognized on the basis of morphology, and a third species, Lymnaea sp., is known to exist.

Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Vietnam: an update.

Paragonimiasis is a food-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by infection with lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus. In Vietnam, research on Paragonimus and paragonimiasis has been conducted in northern and central regions of the country. Using a combination of morphological and molecular methods, 7 Paragonimus species, namely P.