Adaptive Changes and Genetic Mechanisms in Organisms Under Controlled Conditions: A Review.

Adaptive changes encompass physiological, morphological, or behavioral modifications occurring in organisms in response to specific environmental conditions. These modifications may become established within a population through natural selection. While adaptive changes can influence individuals or populations over short timeframes, evolution involves the inheritance and accumulation of these changes over extended periods under environmental pressures through natural selection.

Complete mitogenome characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of traditional Chinese medicinal plant Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. from the Menispermaceae family.

Background: Tinospora sagittata, a member belongs to the genus Tinospora of Menispermaceae family. Its tuberous roots have been used as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for pharmacological properties and are commonly known name as "Jin Guo Lan". Although its plastome and nuclear genome had been sequenced, its mitochondrial genome has not been explored, which significantly hampers conservation efforts and further research for this species.

Potentiation of the lateral habenula-ventral tegmental area pathway underlines the susceptibility to depression in mice with chronic pain.

Chronic pain often develops severe mood changes such as depression. However, how chronic pain leads to depression remains elusive and the mechanisms determining individuals' responses to depression are largely unexplored. Here we found that depression-like behaviors could only be observed in 67.

[Characteristics of climate change and its impacts on water resources in Qilian Mountains, China].

Qilian Mountains, is an important ecological function area, an important ecological security barrier, the river runoff region in Northwest China, as well as a sensitive area to global climate change and fragile area of ecological environment. The ecological environment in this area played an important role in the economic development of Northwest China. Based on the observation data of temperature and precipitation in Qilian Mountains, MOD10A2 snow products and the flow data of Shiyang River, Heihe River and Shule River, we systematically analyzed the characteristics of climate change from 1961 to 2020, and the impacts of climate change on water resources under the scenario of climate warming.

A novel light-controlled colorimetric detection assay for nitroreductase based on -aminophenol-catalyzed and NADH-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles.

A novel and efficient light-controlled colorimetric assay for the quantification and detection of nitroreductase (NTR) was constructed based on p-aminophenol (pAP)-catalyzed and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)-mediated generation of AgNPs. Due to the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenol by NTR in the presence of NADH, the hydrolysis product can be used as a catalyst to catalyze the reduction of Ag+ by NADH under the light. As the concentration of NTR increases, the value of absorbance at ca.

In vitro genotoxicity study of silver nanoparticles and titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Nanoparticles are widely used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries, but their safety and genetic toxicity are still unclear. In this study, the genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (titanium dioxide nanoparticles) were evaluated by in vitro comet assay and PIG-A assay in TK6 cells. We exposed TK6 cells to two types of nanoparticles at the highest concentration of 200 μmol/L for 4 h and conducted the in vitro comet assay.

Smartphone colorimetric assay of acid phosphatase based on a controlled iodine-mediated etching of gold nanorods.

A simple but efficient colorimetric assay was developed for the detection and quantification of acid phosphatase (ACP) using a smartphone. This strategy is based on target-controlled iodine-mediated etching of gold nanorods (AuNRs). Due to effective hydrolysis of the substrate pyrophosphate (PPi) by ACP, chelated Cu with PPi was released, which promoted the redox reaction with an iodide ion (I), leading to the formation of I.

Colorimetric determination of cytosine-rich ssDNA by silver(I)-modulated glucose oxidase-catalyzed growth of gold nanoparticles.

A colorimetric assay is described for determination of cytosine-rich ssDNA at physiological pH values. The working principle is based on (a) Ag(I) ion-induced formation of an i-motif structure, and (b) glucose oxidase-controlled growth of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The combination between Ag and cytosine-rich DNA can modulate the generation of HO resulting from enzyme catalyzed glucose oxidation.

Security protection using two different image shadows with authentication.

Security protection using two different image shadows with authentication.

A highly sensitive fluorescent probe with different responses to Cu and Zn.

We report a highly sensitive fluorescent probe based on p-dimethylaminobenzoyl derivatives (probe L) for the detection of Cu and Zn. In this work, the probe L exhibited a fluorescent turn-on sensing model to Cu and Zn with a distinct fluorescent color change from colorless to green and yellow respectively. Probe L exhibited high selectivity as a fluorescent Cu/Zn probe with a limit of detection (LOD) of 45 nM/17 nM.

A novel jointly colorimetric and fluorescent sensor for Cu recognition and its complex for sensing S by a Cu displacement approach in aqueous media.

In this work, a simple and easily synthesized Schiff-based derivative colorimetric and fluorescent sensor (1), 4-dimethylamino-benzoic acid (2-imidazole formaldehyde)-hydrazide, was obtained for the detection of Cu and S. The compound 1 exhibited dual spectral responses to Cu, that is, vivid color change and fluorescence enhancement in the presence of Cu. The detection limits were valued as 0.

A highly selective turn-on fluorescent probe for Al in aqueous solution based on quinoline Schiff-base.

A new Al-specific fluorescent probe NQ was designed and synthesized from 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and 2-aminoquinoline. Upon the addition of Al, the fluorescent intensity of NQ was significantly enhanced compared with other examined metal ions in aqueous solution. The result of a Job's plot indicated the formation of a 1:1 complex between the probe and Al, and the possible binding mode of the system between NQ and Al was clarified by IR analysis and H NMR titration.

Ultrasensitive turn-on fluorescence detection of Cu based on p-dimethylaminobenzamide derivative and the application to cell imaging.

A new p-dimethylaminobenzamide derivative based compound BDIH has been synthesized. Cu turned on the fluorescence of compound BDIH with a 1:2 binding stoichiometry. The fluorescent color of compound BDIH shows an evident change from colorless to bright blue upon the addition of Cu, which could be visibly detected by the naked eye under UV light at 365nm.

Note: Durability analysis of optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on Pd-Y alloy film.

The Pd-Y alloy sensing film has an excellent property for hydrogen detection, but just for one month, the sensing film's property decreases seriously. To study the failure of the sensing film, the XPS spectra analysis was used to explore the chemical content of the Pd-Y alloy film, and analysis results demonstrate that the yttrium was oxidized. The paper presented that such an oxidized process was the potential reason of the failure of the sensing film.

[Condylar position and condylar symmetry in patients with temporomandibular disorders].

Purpose: To investigate condylar position and condylar symmetry in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) as well as malocclusion.

Methods: Fifteen patients with TMD and malocclusion were selected for the experiment, 15 asymptomatic patients served as controls. The bilateral temporomandibular joints of all subjects were evaluated by computed tomography (CT) imaging.