Suppressing PDGFRβ Signaling Enhances Myocyte Fusion to Promote Skeletal Muscle Regeneration.

Muscle cell fusion is critical for forming and maintaining multinucleated myotubes during skeletal muscle development and regeneration. However, the molecular mechanisms directing cell-cell fusion are not fully understood. Here, we identify platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) signaling as a key modulator of myocyte fusion in adult muscle cells.

Effects of Pea () Prebiotics on Intestinal Iron-Related Proteins and Microbial Populations In Vivo ().

Iron deficiency remains a public health challenge globally. Prebiotics have the potential to improve iron bioavailability by modulating intestinal bacterial population, increasing SCFA production, and stimulating expression of brush border membrane (BBM) iron transport proteins among iron-deficient populations. This study intended to investigate the potential effects of soluble extracts from the cotyledon and seed coat of three pea () varieties (CDC Striker, CDC Dakota, and CDC Meadow) on the expression of BBM iron-related proteins (DCYTB and DMT1) and populations of beneficial intestinal bacteria in vivo using the model by oral gavage (one day old chicks) with 1 mL of 50 mg/mL pea soluble extract solutions.

Smooth muscle cell-derived Cxcl12 directs macrophage accrual and sympathetic innervation to control thermogenic adipose tissue.

Sympathetic innervation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) controls mammalian adaptative thermogenesis. However, the cellular and molecular underpinnings contributing to BAT innervation remain poorly defined. Here, we show that smooth muscle cells (SMCs) support BAT growth, lipid utilization, and thermogenic plasticity.

Effective alternatives for dietary interventions for necrotizing enterocolitis: a systematic review of studies.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates and low birth weight children in the United States. Current treatment options, such as antibiotics and intestinal resections, often result in complications related to pediatric nutrition and development. This systematic review aimed to identify alternative dietary bioactive compounds that have shown promising outcomes in ameliorating NEC studies conducted within the past six years.

Chia Phenolic Extract Appear to Improve Small Intestinal Functionality, Morphology, Bacterial Populations, and Inflammation Biomarkers In Vivo ().

Phenolic compounds can act as a substrate for colonic resident microbiota. Once the metabolites are absorbed and distributed throughout the body, they can have diverse effects on the gut. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the intra-amniotic administration of a chia phenolic extract on intestinal inflammation, intestinal barrier, brush border membrane functionality, intestinal microbiota, and morphology in vivo ( model).

Assessing the Interactions between Zinc and Vitamin A on Intestinal Functionality, Morphology, and the Microbiome In Vivo ().

Dietary deficiencies in zinc (Zn) and vitamin A (VA) are among the leading micronutrient deficiencies globally and previous research has proposed a notable interaction between Zn and VA physiological status. This study aimed to assess the effects of zinc and vitamin A (isolated and combined) on intestinal functionality and morphology, and the gut microbiome (). The study included nine treatment groups (~11)-no-injection (NI); HO; 0.

Intra-Amniotic Administration of Cashew Nut ( L.) Soluble Extract Improved Gut Functionality and Morphology In Vivo ().

Cashew nuts are rich in dietary fibers, monounsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, flavonoids, catechins, amino acids, and minerals that offer benefits for health. However, the knowledge of its effect on gut health is lacking. In this way, cashew nut soluble extract (CNSE) was assessed in vivo via intra-amniotic administration in intestinal brush border membrane (BBM) morphology, functionality, and gut microbiota.

The mechanistic effects of human digestion on magnesium oxide nanoparticles: implications for probiotics Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium bifidum VPI 1124.

The effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on the human gut microbiota are of high interest due to the link between the gut homeostasis and overall human health. The human intake of metal oxide NPs has increased due to its use in the food industry as food additives. Specifically, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) have been described as antimicrobial and antibiofilm.

Food-Grade Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Exposure Alters Intestinal Microbial Populations, Brush Border Membrane Functionality and Morphology, In Vivo ().

Among food additive metal oxide nanoparticles (NP), titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and silicon dioxide (SiO₂) are commonly used as food coloring or anti-caking agents, while zinc oxide (ZnO) and iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) are added as antimicrobials and coloring agents, respectively, and can be used as micronutrient supplements. To elucidate potential perturbations associated with NP consumption on gastrointestinal health and development, this in vivo study utilized the (broiler chicken) intraamniotic administration to assess the effects of physiologically relevant concentrations of food-grade metal oxide NP on brush border membrane (BBM) functionality, intestinal morphology and intestinal microbial populations in vivo. Six groups with 1 mL injection of the following treatments were utilized: non-injected, 18 MΩ DI HO; 1.

The effect of dietary zinc and zinc physiological status on the composition of the gut microbiome .

Zinc serves critical catalytic, regulatory, and structural roles. Hosts and their resident gut microbiota both require zinc, leading to competition, where a balance must be maintained. This systematic review examined evidence on dietary zinc and physiological status (zinc deficiency or high zinc/zinc overload) effects on gut microbiota.

Empire Apple () Juice, Pomace, and Pulp Modulate Intestinal Functionality, Morphology, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo ().

Approximately $20 billion of apple sales are generated annually in the United States. With an estimated 5 million tons produced yearly in the U.S.

Intra-Amniotic Administration-An Emerging Method to Investigate Necrotizing Enterocolitis, In Vivo ().

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease in premature infants and a leading cause of death in neonates (1-7% in the US). NEC is caused by opportunistic bacteria, which cause gut dysbiosis and inflammation and ultimately result in intestinal necrosis. Previous studies have utilized the rodent and pig models to mimic NEC, whereas the current study uses the in vivo () intra-amniotic administration approach to investigate NEC.

Effect of Black Corn Anthocyanin-Rich Extract ( L.) on Cecal Microbial Populations In Vivo ().

Black corn has been attracting attention to investigate its biological properties due to its anthocyanin composition, mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside. Our study evaluated the effects of black corn extract (BCE) on intestinal morphology, gene expression, and the cecal microbiome. The BCE intra-amniotic administration was evaluated by an animal model in .

Alterations in Intestinal Brush Border Membrane Functionality and Bacterial Populations Following Intra-Amniotic Administration () of Catechin and Its Derivatives.

Catechin is a flavonoid naturally present in numerous dietary products and fruits (e.g., apples, berries, grape seeds, kiwis, green tea, red wine, etc.

Comparing the Effects of Concord Grape ( L.) Puree, Juice, and Pomace on Intestinal Morphology, Functionality, and Bacterial Populations In Vivo ().

This is a preliminary study evaluating the effect of different fractions of Concord grapes (Vitis labrusca L.) on the brush border membrane (BBM) morphology, duodenal gene expression, and specific gut bacterial populations. For this study, we utilized a unique intraamniotic approach, wherein, the test substances are administered into the amnion of the Gallus gallus egg (on day 17).

Intraamniotic Administration () of Genistein Alters Mineral Transport, Intestinal Morphology, and Gut Microbiota.

Genistein is an isoflavone naturally present in numerous staple food crops, such as soybeans and chickpeas. This study utilized the intraamniotic administration procedure to assess genistein administration effects on trace mineral status, brush border membrane (BBM) functionality, intestinal morphology, and intestinal microbiome in vivo. Eggs were divided into five groups with 1 mL injection of the following treatments: no-injection, DI HO, 5% inulin, and 1.

Alterations in Intestinal Brush Border Membrane Functionality and Bacterial Populations Following Intra-Amniotic Administration () of Nicotinamide Riboside and Its Derivatives.

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) acts as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor where NR supplementation has previously been shown to be beneficial. Thus, we synthesized and characterized nicotinamide riboside tributyrate chloride (NRTBCl, water-soluble) and nicotinamide riboside trioleate chloride (NRTOCl, oil-soluble) as two new ester derivatives of nicotinamide riboside chloride (NRCl). NRCl and its derivatives were assessed in vivo, via intra-amniotic administration (), with the following treatment groups: (1) non-injected (control); and injection of (2) deionized HO (control); (3) NRCl (30 mg/mL dose); (4) NRTBCl (30 mg/mL dose); and (5) NRTOCl (30 mg/mL dose).

Black corn (Zea mays L.) soluble extract showed anti-inflammatory effects and improved the intestinal barrier integrity in vivo (Gallus gallus).

Black corn (Zea mays L.) is a pigmented type of this cereal whose color of the kernels is attributed to the presence of the anthocyanins. In this study, we assessed the black corn soluble extract (BCSE) effects on the intestinal functionality, morphology, and microbiota composition using an in vivo model (Gallus gallus) by an intra-amniotic administration.

Zinc Biofortified Cowpea ( L. Walp.) Soluble Extracts Modulate Assessed Cecal Bacterial Populations and Gut Morphology ().

Background: Biofortification is a method that improves the nutritional value of food crops through conventional plant breeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of intra-amniotic administration of soluble extracts from zinc (Zn) biofortified and Zn standard cowpea ( L. Walp.

Quinoa Soluble Fiber and Quercetin Alter the Composition of the Gut Microbiome and Improve Brush Border Membrane Morphology In Vivo ().

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a gluten-free pseudo-cereal, has gained popularity over the last decade due to its high nutritional value. Quinoa is a rich source of proteins, carbohydrates, fibers, tocopherols (Vitamin E), unsaturated fatty acids and a wide range of polyphenols.

Saffron ( L.) Flower Water Extract Disrupts the Cecal Microbiome, Brush Border Membrane Functionality, and Morphology In Vivo ().

Saffron ( L.) is known as the most expensive spice. dried red stigmas, called threads, are used for culinary, cosmetic, and medicinal purposes.

Modifications in the Intestinal Functionality, Morphology and Microbiome Following Intra-Amniotic Administration () of Grape () Stilbenes (Resveratrol and Pterostilbene).

This efficacy trial evaluated the effects of two polyphenolic stilbenes, resveratrol and pterostilbene, mostly found in grapes, on the brush border membrane functionality, morphology and gut microbiome. This study applied the validated intra-amniotic approach to investigate the effects of stilbene administration versus the controls. Three treatment groups (5% resveratrol; 5% pterostilbene; and synergistic: 4.

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) flour soluble extract improve intestinal bacterial populations, brush border membrane functionality and morphology in vivo (Gallus gallus).

This study evaluates the effects of intra-amniotic administration of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) flour soluble extracts (YFSE) on intestinal bacterial populations, brush border membrane (BBM) functionality and morphology, by using the Gallus gallus model. The YFSE increased (p < 0.05) relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium and E.

Alterations in the Intestinal Morphology, Gut Microbiota, and Trace Mineral Status Following Intra-Amniotic Administration () of Teff () Seed Extracts.

The consumption of teff (), a gluten-free cereal grain, has increased due to its dense nutrient composition including complex carbohydrates, unsaturated fatty acids, trace minerals (especially Fe), and phytochemicals. This study utilized the clinically-validated intra amniotic feeding model to assess the effects of intra-amniotic administration of teff extracts versus controls using seven groups: (1) non-injected; (2) 18Ω HO injected; (3) 5% inulin; (4) teff extract 1%; (5) teff extract 2.5%; (6) teff extract 5%; and (7) teff extract 7.