Saliva Versus All-Site Microbiome and Proteome Mapping in Periodontitis.

Aim: Saliva is a diagnostic surrogate for microbial and host biomarkers in periodontitis, but whether it reflects subgingival plaque, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) or serum remains debated. This study profiled GCF and subgingival plaque from all sites of periodontitis patients, comparing them to saliva and serum.

Materials And Methods: Saliva, serum, subgingival plaque and GCF were obtained from three patients with stage III, grade C periodontitis, having 23, 25 and 27 teeth, respectively, with six sites sampled per tooth.

TREM-1 Pathway Biomarkers for Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Monitoring of Treatment Response in Grade B and C Periodontitis.

Background: This study investigated the diagnostic potential of salivary triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1, peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) and interleukin (IL)-1β for periodontitis patients and their ability to predict treatment outcome.

Methods: Systemically healthy, non-smokers with gingivitis (n = 31), stage III periodontitis (34 grade B: n = 34, grade C: n = 24) and healthy controls (n = 34) were recruited. Periodontitis patients (n = 42) underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment.

Microbial Markers for Diagnosis and Risk Assessment for Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Literature Search and Narrative Synthesis.

Aim: To examine the accuracy of microbiological biomarkers in diagnosing periodontal diseases, specifically addressing three focus questions: (FQ1) distinguishing health from disease; (FQ2) predicting disease progression; and (FQ3) assessing treatment outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A PRISMA-guided search in MEDLINE, EMBAS and WEB OF SCIENCE included cross-sectional and longitudinal studies (e.g.

Consensus Report of the 20th European Workshop on Periodontology: Contemporary and Emerging Technologies in Periodontal Diagnosis.

Background: This Consensus Workshop dealt with diagnostic methodologies in the context of surveillance, screening, assessment of stage and grade, prognosis, monitoring and prediction of periodontal status. Several elements provided the impetus for the workshop, including the limited quality of available research on diagnostic tests, the rapid development of new technologies, the implementation of the 2018 classification and the declarations of the World Health Organisation on diagnosis and oral health.

Aim: To update and evaluate the evidence on diagnostic methods, considering recent advances in knowledge and the implementation of the 2018 classification.

Host Markers of Periodontal Diseases: Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies.

Objective: To identify host markers with optimal diagnostic performance for clinical implementation in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases and prediction of future disease progression and/or disease resolution.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional and prospective studies with ≥ 20 participants per group, reporting diagnostic accuracy (e.g.

The proteome of osteoblasts in a 3D culture perfusion bioreactor model compared with static conditions.

Bone disorders represent a significant global burden. Currently, animal models are used to develop and screen novel treatments. However, interspecies variations and ethical concerns highlight the need for a more complex 3D bone model.

Masticatory performance and masticatory behavior in individuals with eating disorders: a pilot study.

Aim: The brief report aims to evaluate masticatory performance and components of chewing behavior in people with anorexia nervosa and compare it with a reference group of individuals with no history of eating disorders.

Material And Methods: Eighteen women participated in the study: nine with anorexia nervosa (age 20.2 ± 5.

Efficacy of periodontal treatment modalities in Down syndrome patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The systematic review aimed to review the existing evidence, to identify and appraise the effectiveness of periodontal prevention and treatment modalities in individuals diagnosed with Down syndrome (DS) and to determine the estimates of the effects of implemented periodontal prevention and treatment strategies compared to chromosomally normal (CN) individuals.

Methodology: The systematic review was conducted and reported in conformity with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. The study protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework.

Protein Network Alterations in G-CSF Treated Severe Congenital Neutropenia Patients and Beneficial Effects of Oral Health Intervention.

Purpose: Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a raredisorder characterized by diminished neutrophil levels. Despite granulocytecolony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment, SCN patients remain still prone tosevere infections, including periodontal disease-a significant oral healthrisk. This study investigates the host proteome and metaproteome in saliva andgingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of G-CSF-treated patients.

Oral Irrigation Devices: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: Self-performed oral hygiene is essential for preventing dental caries, periodontal, and peri-implant diseases. Oral irrigators are adjunctive oral home care aids that may benefit oral health. However, the effects of oral irrigation on oral health, its role in oral home care, and its mechanism of action are not fully understood.

Microbial diagnostics in periodontal diseases.

Microbial analytical methods have been instrumental in elucidating the complex microbial etiology of periodontal diseases, by shaping our understanding of subgingival community dynamics. Certain pathobionts can orchestrate the establishment of dysbiotic communities that can subvert the host immune system, triggering inflammation and tissue destruction. Yet, diagnosis and management of periodontal conditions still rely on clinical and radiographic examinations, overlooking the well-established microbial etiology.

Probing the salivary proteome for prognostic biomarkers in response to non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Aim: This prospective study investigated the salivary proteome before and after periodontal therapy.

Materials And Methods: Ten systemically healthy, non-smoking, stage III, grade C periodontitis patients underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment. Full-mouth periodontal parameters were measured, and saliva (n = 30) collected pre- (T0), and one (T1) and six (T6) months post-treatment.

Effects of intermittent fasting on periodontal inflammation and subgingival microbiota.

Background: Studies on the impact of intermittent fasting on periodontal health are still scarce. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of long-term intermittent fasting on periodontal health and the subgingival microbiota.

Methods: This pilot study was part of a nonrandomized controlled trial.

Bacterial symbionts in oral niche use type VI secretion nanomachinery for fitness increase against pathobionts.

Microbial ecosystems experience spatial and nutrient restrictions leading to the coevolution of cooperation and competition among cohabiting species. To increase their fitness for survival, bacteria exploit machinery to antagonizing rival species upon close contact. As such, the bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) nanomachinery, typically expressed by pathobionts, can transport proteins directly into eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells, consequently killing cohabiting competitors.

Bacteriome and mycobiome dysbiosis in oral mucosal dysplasia and oral cancer.

It has long been considered that the oral microbiome is tightly connected to oral health and that dysbiotic changes can be detrimental to the occurrence and progression of dysplastic oral mucosal lesions or oral cancer. Improved understanding of the concepts of microbial dysbiosis together with advances in high-throughput molecular sequencing of these pathologies have charted in greater microbiological detail the nature of their clinical state. This review discusses the bacteriome and mycobiome associated with oral mucosal lesions, oral candidiasis, and oral squamous cell carcinoma, aiming to delineate the information available to date in pursuit of advancing diagnostic and prognostic utilities for oral medicine.

A Mapping Review of the Pathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis: The Biofilm-Mediated Inflammation and Bone Dysregulation (BIND) Hypothesis.

This mapping review highlights the need for a new paradigm in the understanding of peri-implantitis pathogenesis. The biofilm-mediated inflammation and bone dysregulation (BIND) hypothesis is proposed, focusing on the relationship between biofilm, inflammation, and bone biology. The close interactions between immune and bone cells are discussed, with multiple stable states likely existing between clinically observable definitions of peri-implant health and peri-implantitis.

Clinical, oral immunological and microbiological shifts during and after pregnancy.

Objectives: Physiological changes and shifts in the oral microbiota composition during pregnancy may affect the maternal immune system. Uncomplicated pregnancy is associated with a T-helper (Th) 2 predominant cytokine regulation (anti-inflammatory), while oral health deterioration during pregnancy is reflected by severe gingival inflammation, a primarily Th1 cytokine phenotype (pro-inflammatory), and oral microbiome alterations. This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate Th cytokine shifts and changes in the oral microbiota composition in saliva of women before and after birth.

Salivary inflammatory burden in pre- and postmenopausal women: Associations with body mass index, patient-reported health, serum cytokines, and periodontal parameters.

Background: The decline of estrogen levels during menopause impacts weight, mood, and overall health, both orally and systemically. This study assessed salivary levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and IL-7 in postmenopausal (PMW) and regularly menstruating premenopausal (RMPW) women, while considering serum cytokine levels, body mass index (BMI), periodontal health, and self-reported physical and emotional well-being.

Methods: In this study, 75 PMW and 71 RMPW were included.

Value of gingival crevicular fluid TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β levels during menopause.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of GCF TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β levels with periodontal health in pre- and postmenopausal women.

Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1), activated through its ligand peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), stimulates proinflammatory cytokine production, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, during periodontal inflammation. Postmenopausal changes may modulate these immune-inflammatory functions.

Association of salivary TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 inflammatory markers with non-communicable diseases.

Aim: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) and peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) are elevated in biofluids in the presence of various inflammatory conditions. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the effect of age, sex, smoking and different oral and systemic non-communicable diseases on the levels of TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 in saliva.

Materials And Methods: In total, 445 individuals (mean age 48.

Precision periodontal care: from omics discoveries to chairside diagnostics.

The interface of molecular science and technology is guiding the transformation of personalized to precision healthcare. The application of proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics is shaping the suitability of biomarkers for disease. Prior validation of such biomarkers in large and diverse patient cohorts helps verify their clinical usability.