Highly Reliable Dimethyl Disulfide Chemiresistive Gas Sensor Based on Vacancy-Engineered MoO Nanobelts for Complex Odor Monitoring and Field Testing.

Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is an odorous sulfur-containing volatile organic compound primarily emitted from sewage treatment plants. However, most metal-oxide-based DMDS gas sensors have been limited to parts-per-million-level performance despite the fact that DMDS can cause severe health concerns and produce an unpleasant smell even at ppb-level concentrations. Previous studies have primarily focused on enhancing the DMDS gas response via vacancy engineering without addressing the gas reliability.

SOX7: Autism associated gene identified by analysis of multi-Omics data.

Genome-wide association studies and next generation sequencing data analyses based on DNA information have identified thousands of mutations associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, more than 99% of identified mutations are non-coding. Thus, it is unclear which of these mutations might be functional and thus potentially causal variants.

var. Flower Essential Oil Reduces MRSA Pathogenicity by Inhibiting Virulence Gene Expression.

The essential oil extracted from the flowers of var. (Maxim.) Kitam (CZEO), family Asteraceae, was investigated to determine its ability to inhibit the pathogenicity of methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

Cryopreservation of Neuroectoderm on a Pillar Plate and Differentiation into Human Brain Organoids.

Cryopreservation in cryovials extends cell storage at low temperatures, and advances in organoid cryopreservation improve reproducibility and reduce generation time. However, cryopreserving human organoids presents challenges due to the limited diffusion of cryoprotective agents (CPAs) into the organoid core and the potential toxicity of these agents. To overcome these obstacles, we developed a cryopreservation technique using a pillar plate platform.

Dynamic culture of cerebral organoids using a pillar/perfusion plate for the assessment of developmental neurotoxicity.

Despite the potential toxicity of commercial chemicals to the development of the nervous system (known as developmental neurotoxicity or DNT), conventionalcell models have primarily been employed for the assessment of acute neuronal toxicity. On the other hand, animal models used for the assessment of DNT are not physiologically relevant due to the heterogenic difference between humans and animals. In addition, animal models are low-throughput, time-consuming, expensive, and ethically questionable.

Cryopreservation of neuroectoderm on a pillar plate and differentiation into human brain organoids.

Cryopreservation in cryovials extends cell storage at low temperatures, and advances in organoid cryopreservation improve reproducibility and reduce generation time. However, cryopreserving human organoids presents challenges due to the limited diffusion of cryoprotective agents (CPAs) into the organoid core and the potential toxicity of these agents. To overcome these obstacles, we developed a cryopreservation technique using a pillar plate platform.

Dynamic culture of cerebral organoids using a pillar/perfusion plate for the assessment of developmental neurotoxicity.

Despite the potential toxicity of commercial chemicals to the development of the nervous system (known as developmental neurotoxicity or DNT), conventional cell models have primarily been employed for the assessment of acute neuronal toxicity. On the other hand, animal models used for the assessment of DNT are not physiologically relevant due to the heterogenic difference between humans and animals. In addition, animal models are low-throughput, time-consuming, expensive, and ethically questionable.

GV1001 reduces neurodegeneration and prolongs lifespan in 3xTg-AD mouse model through anti-aging effects.

GV1001, which mimics the activity of human telomerase reverse transcriptase, protects neural cells from amyloid beta (Aβ) toxicity and other stressors through extra-telomeric function, as noted in our prior studies. As per a recent phase II clinical trial, it improves cognitive function in patients with moderate to severe dementia. However, the underlying protective mechanisms remain unclear.

Essential Oil Attenuates the Pathogenicity of Superbacteria by Suppressing Virulence Gene Expression.

In the quest to combat infections attributable to antibiotic-resistant superbacteria, an essential oil derived from the needles of Sieb. et Zucc. (PKEO) has emerged as a promising solution.

Uniform cerebral organoid culture on a pillar plate by simple and reproducible spheroid transfer from an ultralow attachment well plate.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived brain organoids have potential to recapitulate the earliest stages of brain development, serving as an effectivemodel for studying both normal brain development and disorders. However, current brain organoid culture methods face several challenges, including low throughput, high variability in organoid generation, and time-consuming, multiple transfer and encapsulation of cells in hydrogels throughout the culture. These limitations hinder the widespread application of brain organoids including high-throughput assessment of compounds in clinical and industrial lab settings.

Brain organoids: A revolutionary tool for modeling neurological disorders and development of therapeutics.

Brain organoids are self-organized, three-dimensional (3D) aggregates derived from pluripotent stem cells that have cell types and cellular architectures resembling those of the developing human brain. The current understanding of human brain developmental processes and neurological disorders has advanced significantly with the introduction of this in vitro model. Brain organoids serve as a translational link between two-dimensional (2D) cultures and in vivo models which imitate the neural tube formation at the early and late stages and the differentiation of neuroepithelium with whole-brain regionalization.

Uniform cerebral organoid culture on a pillar plate by simple and reproducible spheroid transfer from an ultralow attachment well plate.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSCs)-derived brain organoids have potential to recapitulate the earliest stages of brain development, serving as an effective model for studying both normal brain development and disorders. However, current brain organoid culture methods face several challenges, including low throughput, high variability in organoid generation, and time-consuming, multiple transfer and encapsulation of cells in hydrogels throughout the culture. These limitations hinder the widespread application of brain organoids including high-throughput assessment of compounds in clinical and industrial lab settings.

GV1001 modulates neuroinflammation and improves memory and behavior through the activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors in a triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

GV1001 protects neural cells from amyloid-β (Aβ) toxicity and other stressors in in vitro studies and demonstrates clinically beneficial effects in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we investigated the protective effects and mechanism of action of GV1001 in triple transgenic AD (3xTg-AD) mice. We found that GV1001 improved memory and cognition in middle- and old-aged 3xTg-AD mice.

SOX7: Novel Autistic Gene Identified by Analysis of Multi-Omics Data.

Background: Despite thousands of variants identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to be associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it is unclear which mutations are causal because most are noncoding. Consequently, reliable diagnostic biomarkers are lacking. RNA-seq analysis captures biomolecular complexity that GWAS cannot by considering transcriptomic patterns.

Dyeing Performance and Anti-Superbacterial Activity of Cotton Fabrics Dyed with .

In hospitals, doctors' and patients' uniforms, as well as bedding and textiles, can be carriers of superbacteria. This study was conducted to test the anti-superbacterial activity of cotton fabrics dyed with extracts of (). The dye was extracted by boiling in water.

Inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation/Assembly through the Activation of the PI3K Pathway by Naloxone Protects Neural Stem Cells from Ischemic Condition.

Naloxone is a well-known opioid antagonist and has been suggested to have neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia. We investigated whether naloxone exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in neural stem cells (NSCs) injured by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), whether it affects the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation/assembly, and whether the role of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is important in the control of NLRP3 inflammasome activation/assembly by naloxone. Primary cultured NSCs were subjected to OGD and treated with different concentrations of naloxone.

SOX7: Autism Associated Gene Identified by Analysis of Multi-Omics Data.

Genome-wide association studies and next generation sequencing data analyses based on DNA information have identified thousands of mutations associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, more than 99% of identified mutations are non-coding. Thus, it is unclear which of these mutations might be functional and thus potentially causal variants.

Homogeneity of XEN Cells Is Critical for Generation of Chemically Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

In induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), pluripotency is induced artificially by introducing the transcription factors , , , and . When a transgene is introduced using a viral vector, the transgene may be integrated into the host genome and cause a mutation and cancer. No integration occurs when an episomal vector is used, but this method has a limitation in that remnants of the virus or vector remain in the cell, which limits the use of such iPSCs in therapeutic applications.

Inhibition of Class I Histone Deacetylase Enhances Self-Reprogramming of Spermatogonial Stem Cells into Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Background And Objectives: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the most primitive cells in spermatogenesis and are the only adult stem cells capable of passing on the genome of a given species to the next generation. SSCs are the only adult stem cells known to exhibit high Oct4 expression and can be induced to self-reprogram into pluripotent cells depending on culture conditions. Epigenetic modulation is well known to be involved in the induction of pluripotency of somatic cells.

Enhancement of proliferation of human umbilical cord blood-derived CD34 hematopoietic stem cells by a combination of hyper-interleukin-6 and small molecules.

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an alternative source of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for transplantation to treat various hematological disorders. The major limitation to the use of UCB-derived HSCs (UCB-HSCs) in transplantation, however, is the low numbers of HSCs in a unit of cord blood. To overcome this limitation, various cytokines or small molecules have been used to expand UCB-HSCs ex vivo.

CRISPR-Knockout of Gene Improves Saccharification Efficiency by Reducing Lignin Content in Hybrid Poplar.

Caffeoyl shikimate esterase (CSE) has been shown to play an important role in lignin biosynthesis in plants and is, therefore, a promising target for generating improved lignocellulosic biomass crops for sustainable biofuel production. spp. has two genes ( and ) and, thus, the hybrid poplar ( × ) investigated in this study has four genes.

Establishment of an integration-free human induced pluripotent stem cell line (TJCi001-A) from normal bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) possess excellent therapeutic potential for the treatment of various diseases including graft-versus-host disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Here, we generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from BM-MSCs employing a non-integrating episomal vector. The generated iPSCs expressed pluripotency markers, showed a normal karyotype, and exhibited the potential for in vitro differentiation into three germ layers.

Proteomic Analysis Reveals Commonly Secreted Proteins of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Synovial Membrane to Show Potential for Cartilage Regeneration in Knee Osteoarthritis.

Paracrine factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reportedly modulate inflammation and reparative processes in damaged tissues and have been explored for knee osteoarthritis (OA) therapy. Although various studies have reported the effects of paracrine factors in knee OA, it is not yet clear which paracrine factors directly affect the regeneration of damaged cartilage and which are secreted under various knee OA conditions. In this study, we cultured MSCs derived from three types of tissues and treated each type with IL-1 and TNF- or not to obtain conditioned medium.

Gui-A-Gra Attenuates Testicular Dysfunction in Varicocele-Induced Rats via Oxidative Stress, ER Stress and Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway.

Gui-A-Gra, a commercial insect powder from , is registered as an edible insect by the Korean food and drug administration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Gui-A-Gra on testicular damage induced by experimental left varicocele in male Sprague Dawley rats. A total of 72 rats were randomly divided into the following six groups (12 rats in each group): a normal control group (CTR), a group administrated with Gui-A-Gra 1.

Generation of OCT4-EGFP, NANOG-tdTomato dual reporter human induced pluripotent stem cell line, KKUi001-A, using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

OCT4 and NANOG are core transcription factor genes in self-renewal, differentiation, and reprogramming. Here, we generated an OCT4-EGFP, NANOG-tdTomato dual reporter hiPSC line, KKUi001-A, on the basis of human induced pluripotent stem cells using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. EGFP and tdTomato reporter were inserted into before the stop codon of OCT4 and NANOG, respectively.