Pharmaceutical potential of cobalt iodide nanoparticles in enhancing wound healing and modulating endocrine, immune, metabolic and antibacterial functions.

This study investigates the biocompatibility, antibacterial, hormonal, immunomodulatory, and wound-healing properties of cobalt iodide nanoparticles (CoI NPs). The nanoparticles were synthesized using chemical reduction and characterized through FTIR, XRD and SEM. The characterization revealed high crystallinity and a mean diameter of 2.

Evaluation of the laxative effects of Taraxacum officinale using experimental animal models.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg.

New Lead Schiff Bases Predominantly Mediate Vasorelaxant Activity Through α Receptor Blocking Activity.

Schiff bases synthesized in our laboratory have demonstrated pain-relieving effects through both peripheral and central nervous system pathways. Considering that centrally acting analgesics often affect the muscle tone of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and related deep internal organs, this study was conducted to examine potential relaxant effects on blood vessels and GIT smooth muscles. The possible relaxant effects of Schiff bases (SB1 and SB2) on isolated rabbit aortic strips were evaluated.

Geostatistical analysis and multivariate assessment of groundwater quality.

Appraising groundwater quality is critical for identifying health-related risks and establishing foundations for safe water supply management. Traditional statistical analyses of groundwater quality often overlook spatial information and autocorrelation, which are essential for comprehensive assessment. This study examines 76 water samples collected from Tehsil Jaranwala, analyzing 12 water quality parameters (WQPs) through multivariate statistical techniques and a non-parametric geostatistical kriging approach.

Machine learning based parameter-free adaptive EWMA control chart to monitor process dispersion.

Conventional control charts track changes in the process by using predefined process parameters. Conversely, during online monitoring, adaptive control charts modify the process parameters. To improve the process dispersion monitoring in various operational environments, this study presents an adaptive exponentially weighted moving average (AEWMA) control chart based on support vector regression (SVR).

A novel EWMA-based adaptive control chart for industrial application by using hastings approximation.

Control charts are commonly used for process monitoring under the assumption that the variable of interest follows a normal distribution. However, this assumption is frequently violated in real-world applications. In this study, we develop an adaptive control chart based on the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) statistic to monitor irregular variations in the mean of the Truncated Transmuted Burr-II (TTB-II) distribution, employing Hastings approximation for normalization.

Forecasting mortality and DALYs from air pollution in SAARC nations.

This study investigates the projected impact of air pollution on mortality and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) across SAARC countries. Utilizing Time Series and Machine Learning methodologies such as Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average, Exponential Smoothing, and Neural Network, the research aims to accurately forecast the mortality and DALYs attributed to air pollution from 2020 to 2030. Statistical analyses reveal a consistent upward trend in deaths and DALYs during the forecasting period, primarily driven by Ambient Particulate Matter Pollution (APM) and Ambient Ozone Pollution (AOP).

Modeling health outcomes of air pollution in the Middle East by using support vector machines and neural networks.

This study investigates the impact of air pollution on health outcomes in Middle Eastern countries, a region facing severe environmental challenges. As such, these are important in an effort to add up to policy-level as well as interventional changes that can be put in practice in the area of public health. Numeration analysis and association with health parameters was carried out by using Analytical tools such as, AIR Data, ARIMA,ANN, SVM and Exponential smoothing.

Evaluating water-related health risks in East and Central Asian Islamic Nations using predictive models (2020-2030).

This paper presents a thorough evaluation of health outcomes linked to water-related challenges in Islamic nations across East Asia and Central Asia from 2020 to 2030. It has been examined carefully that the trajectory of deaths and disability-adjusted life years associated with unsafe water sources, lack of sanitation, and absence of handwashing facilities is showing a potential rise in negative health impacts due to water pollution. The direct health influences of water-related problems are thoughtful.

Joint monitoring of mean and variance using Max-EWMA control chart under lognormal process with application to engine oil data.

The control charts are frequently employed in process monitoring to assess the average and variability of a process, assuming a normal distribution. However, it is worth noting that some process distributions tend to exhibit a positively skewed distribution, such as the lognormal distribution. This article proposed a maximum exponential weighted moving average control chart for joint monitoring of mean and variance under a lognormal process.

Enhancing performance in the presence of outliers with redescending M-estimators.

In real-life situations, we have to analyze the data that contains the atypical observations, and the presence of outliers has adverse effects on the performance of ordinary least square estimates. In this situation, redescedning M-estimators, proposed by Huber (1964), are used to tackle the effects of outliers to increase the efficiency of least square estimates. In this study, we introduce a redescending M-estimator designed to generate robust estimates by mitigating the influence of outlier observations, even when the tuning constant is set to low values.

New adaptive EWMA CV control chart with application to the sintering process.

This research presents a new adaptive exponentially weighted moving average control chart, known as the coefficient of variation (CV) EWMA statistic to study the relative process variability. The production process CV monitoring is a long-term process observation with an unstable mean. Therefore, a new modified adaptive exponentially weighted moving average (AAEWMA) CV monitoring chart using a novel function hereafter referred to as the "AAEWMA CV" monitoring control chart.

A support vector machine based drought index for regional drought analysis.

The increased global warming has increased the likelihood of recurrent drought hazards. Potential links between the frequency of extreme weather events and global warming have been suggested by earlier research. The spatial variability of meteorological factors over short distances can cause distortions in conclusions or limit the scope of drought analysis in a particular region when extreme values predominate.

A Weibull process monitoring with AEWMA control chart: an application to breaking strength of the fibrous composite.

In recent times, there has been a growing focus among researchers on memory-based control charts. The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) charts and the adaptive control charting approaches got the attention. Control charts are commonly employed to oversee processes, assuming the monitored variable follows a normal distribution.

Adaptive multivariate dispersion control chart with application to bimetal thermostat data.

Adaptive EWMA (AEWMA) control charts have gained remarkable recognition by monitoring productions over a wide range of shifts. The adaptation of computational statistic as per system shift is the main aspect behind the proficiency of these charts. In this paper, a function-based AEWMA multivariate control chart is suggested to monitor the stability of the variance-covariance matrix for normally distributed process control.

Neurotoxicity, antipsychotic and antidepressant screening of the fruit of Rosa moschata in mice.

Extract of Rosa moschata (RM) fruits was evaluated for the anti-schizophrenic and antidepressant activities. We first determined the neurotoxic effect of hydro-methanolic extract of RM using inverted-screen test. Further, the extract was tested in the ketamine-induced schizophrenia model and its antidepressant effect was assessed by tail suspension and forced swim test in mice.

Quantitative phytochemical profile, cholinesterase enzyme inhibition assay, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Sarcococca saligna.

Aqueous methanol extracts of Sarcococca saligna leaves and roots were used in this work to explore its phytochemical contents, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition and antibacterial activities. Total phenolic contents were found to be in higher concentrations then total flavonoids contents in aqueous methanolic extracts of leaves. Antioxidant activity was performed using DPPH radical scavenging assay.

Antileishmanial Agents Co-loaded in Transfersomes with Enhanced Macrophage Uptake and Reduced Toxicity.

The prime objective of this study was to develop amphotericin B (AMB) and rifampicin (RIF) co-loaded transfersomal gel (AMB-RIF co-loaded TFG) for effective treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). AMB-RIF co-loaded TF was prepared by the thin-film hydration method and was optimized based on particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (%EE), and deformability index. Similarly, AMB-RIF co-loaded TFG was characterized in terms of rheology, spread ability, and pH.

Moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin mediates its antispasmodic profile via ATP-sensitive potassium channels: An in-vitro bioassay study.

Moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin were tested on isolated rabbits' jejunal preparations as little is known about its effects on gastrointestinal tissues. Moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin were tested in concentrations 0.01-10μg/mL for possible effect(s) on isolated rabbits' jejunal preparations.

GC/MS analysis, anti-leishmanial and relaxant activity of essential oil of Chenopodium ambrosioides (L.) from Malakand region.

Chenopodium ambrosioides is abundantly available in Malakand region. As constituents and concentrations of essential oils vary based on its geographical location, we carried our current study to extract and evaluate its possible relaxant activity in rabbits' jejunum and anti-leishmanial activity against promastigotes of Leishmania tropica. The essential oil was obtained from aerial fresh parts through steam distillation followed by GC/MS analysis.

Azithromycin induced contractile responses of intestinal smooth muscles: A mechanistic approach.

The current work is documented to investigate the actions of azithromycin on intestinal smooth muscles as there are reports of gastrointestinal upsets with use of azithromycin. Azithromycin was tested on rabbit's jejunal and rat's ileal preparations in test concentrations (μM) of 0.01, 0.

Relaxant activity of different fractions of fruits of Rosa moschata J.

The current work is an attempt to know that in which fraction(s) the relaxant constituents of Rosa moschata concentrate. Crude methanolic extract of Rosa moschata was prepared as per our reported procedure. Sub fractions of methanol extract were extracted with different solvents in increasing order of polarity i.

Evaluation of safety profile and stress suppressant activity of Rosa moschata in mice.

Stress is a state that seriously disturbs psychological or physiological homeostasis of the body and subsequently affects the morphology and function of the hippocampus. Currently available anti-stress medications provide limited benefits with cost of severe adverse effects. In the present study, effect of Rosa moschata extract was evaluated using acute restraint model in mice.

Vitamin B and homocysteine levels in carbamazepine treated epilepsy of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Objectives: The study focused on the plasma levels of vitamin B and homocysteine in different genotypes of MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) and GABRG2 (C588T, C315T) genes in carbamazepine resistant epilepsy in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Methodology: Patients who were possible candidates for carbamazepine therapy were followed for six months for their seizure control. Plasma levels of vitamin B and homocysteine were determined using immunoassay based techniques at baseline and after six months.