Protective effects of commercial artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) leaf powder against aflatoxin B1-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats.

Aflatoxin B (AFB) is an unavoidable environmental pollutant frequently found in feed and foodstuffs and is considered the most toxic of all aflatoxins, known to impair testicular function. This study investigated the potential protective effect of artichoke leaves powder (ArLP) against the reproductive toxicity induced by AFB in male rats. In a 42-day experiment, rats received either sterile water, 4% DMSO, ArLP (100 mg/kg/body weight), AFB (72 µg/kg/body weight), or a combination of ArLP and AFB via oral gavage.

Protective role of Monascus red pigment against hydroxyapatite nanoparticle-induced liver injury in rats via modulation of metabolic regulators.

Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) are widely used in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and structural similarity to human bones. However, like other nanoparticles, HANPs circulate in the bloodstream and accumulate in organs such as the liver, raising toxicity concerns. This study investigated the hepatic effects of oral HANPs exposure at a dose of 88.

Monascus red pigment influence on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles-mediated renal toxicity in rats.

Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) have been applied in several biomedical fields. However, its interaction with biological systems is less exploited. This study aimed to characterize HANPs, examine their influence on kidneys, and explore the potential protective effects of naturally extracted red pigment (RP) from Monascus purpureus against HANPs-induced renal toxicity.

Antimicrobial activity of Monascus purpureus-derived red pigments against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis.

The rise of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms (AMR) poses a significant global challenge to human health and economic stability. In response, various scientific communities are seeking safe alternatives to antibiotics. This study comprehensively investigates the antibacterial effects of red dye derived from Monascus purpureus against three bacterial pathogens: Salmonella typhimurium ATCC14028, Escherichia coli ATCC8739, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC25923.

Modulation of growth performance, feed utilization, and physiological traits in redbelly Tilapia (Tilapia zillii) through environmental and sex-based interactions.

This study explored the combined influence of tank color, stocking density, and gender on Tilapia zillii's performance and well-being. In this 120-day trial, 320 T. zillii, each initially weighing 10.

Hepatoprotective effects of a chemically-characterized extract from artichoke ( L.) against AFB-induced toxicity in rats.

This study was conducted to investigate the protective potential of a pharmaceutically formulated capsule of artichoke leaf powder (ArLP) against aflatoxin B (AFB)-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. In the 42-day experiment, rats were divided into five equal groups: (i) control, treated with sterile water, (ii) treated with 4% DMSO as AFB vehicle, (iii) ArLP of 100 mg kg bw, (iv) AFB of 72 µg kg bw, and (v) AFB plus ArLP. Exposure of rats to AFB resulted in hepatotoxicity as manifested by the intensification of oxidative stress, production of free radicals and significant increase in the activity levels of liver function enzymes relative to the control.

Artichoke Leaf Extract-Mediated Neuroprotection against Effects of Aflatoxin in Male Rats.

Attenuation of adverse effects of aflatoxin (AFB) in brains of B rats by extracts of leaves of artichoke was studied. The active ingredients in extracts of leaves of artichoke, L., were determined by HPLC analysis.

Ginseng, Tribulus Extracts and Pollen Grains Supplementation Improves Sexual State, Testes Redox Status, and Testicular Histology in Nile Tilapia Males.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of three natural antioxidants on sex hormone levels, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, and histological changes in the testes of male Nile tilapia, . A total of 210 male Nile tilapia were distributed into seven treatments (three replicates for each) with an initial weight of 3.67 g fish.

Impact of ginseng on neurotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats.

Over the years, many researches have shown the potential protective effects of ginseng for preventing and treating neurological damage and their related diseases. Neuronal disturbance is one of the most common serious effects of cisplatin chemotherapy that triggers memory impairment and cognitive disability. Based on the hypothesis that mechanistic pathways of ginseng against the neurological and biochemical disturbance remain unclear, therefore, this study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of ginseng extract against neurological and behavior abnormality induced by cisplatin in male rats.

Scavenging Properties of Plant-Derived Natural Biomolecule Para-Coumaric Acid in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases.

Para-coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant derived secondary metabolite belonging to the phenolic compounds. It is widely distributed in the plant kingdom and found mainly in fruits, vegetables, and cereals. Various in vivo and in vitro studies have revealed its scavenging and antioxidative properties in the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions.

Synergistic effect of curcumin and chitosan nanoparticles on nano-hydroxyapatite-induced reproductive toxicity in rats.

Although the toxicity/biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAPNPs), a prospective nano-biomaterial, is extensively studied, its interaction on the reproductive system following exposure is less exploited. In the present study, male rats were exposed to HAPNPs (300 mg/kg BW) to determine its possible reproductive toxicity. Also, the protective effects of chitosan (CSNPs, 280 mg/kg BW) and/or curcumin (CurNPs, 15 mg/kg BW) nanoparticles against HAPNPs-induced reproductive toxicity were studied.

Dose-dependent reproductive toxicity of sodium benzoate in male rats: Inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis.

The synthetic food preservative sodium benzoate (SB) is widely used in both food and pharmaceutical industries. A growing body of evidence highlights the adverse effects of SB on human health; however, effect of the prolonged intake of SB on the reproductive system is not fully elucidated. The current study investigates the effect of different doses of SB (0-1000 mg/kg BW) on the reproductive system of male rats administered oral SB for 90 consecutive days.

Gold Nanoparticles Perturb Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes and Antioxidants in the Livers of Male Rats: Potential Impact on Drug Interactions.

Background And Aim: With the wide applications of chitosan and gold nanoparticles in drug delivery and many consumer products, there is limited available information about their effects on drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs). Changes in DMEs could result in serious drug interactions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to chitosan or gold nanoparticles on hepatic Phase I and II DMEs, liver function and integrity, oxidative damage and liver architecture in male rats.

Cardiotoxicity and lung toxicity in male rats induced by long-term exposure to iron oxide and silver nanoparticles.

Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have been increasingly used in numerous fields over the last decade. In particular, iron oxide NPs (FeONPs) and silver NPs (AgNPs) have contributed to the current increase in NP usage. However, the possible side effects of increased NP exposure remain not fully elucidated.

The protective role of CsNPs and CurNPs against DNA damage, oxidative stress, and histopathological and immunohistochemical alterations induced by hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in male rat kidney.

Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP-NPs) are an inorganic component of natural bone and are mainly used in the tissue engineering field due to their bioactivity, osteoconductivity, biocompatibility, non-inflammatory, and non-toxicity properties. However, the current toxicity data for HAP-NPs regarding human health are limited, and only a few results from basic studies have been published. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the beneficial role of chitosan nanoparticles (CsNPs) and curcumin nanoparticles (CurNPs) in alleviating nephrotoxicity induced by HAP-NPs in male rats.

Hepato-renal toxicity of oral sub-chronic exposure to aluminum oxide and/or zinc oxide nanoparticles in rats.

Aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlONPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) have been involved in many industries and they are extensively abundant in many aspects of human life. Consequently, concerns have been raised about their potentially harmful effects. However the toxicities of AlONPs and ZnONPs are well documented, the effect of co-exposure to both nanoparticles remains strictly obscure.

Neuro- and nephroprotective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract against carboplatin and thalidomide through modulation of inflammation, tumor suppressor protein p53, neurotransmitters, oxidative stress and histology.

The combination of thalidomide and carboplatin is one of the most potent chemotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer. However, limited studies have been conducted on the neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of both chemotherapeutic agents. The aim of our study was to assess the toxicity of thalidomide and carboplatin combination on brain and kidney and investigate the protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE).

Prophylactic neuroprotective efficiency of co-administration of Ginkgo biloba and Trifolium pretense against sodium arsenite-induced neurotoxicity and dementia in different regions of brain and spinal cord of rats.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the potential protective role of co-administration of Ginkgo biloba, Trifolium pretenseagainst sodium arsenite-induced neurotoxicity in different parts of brain (Cerebral cortex, Hippocampus, striatum and Hind brain) and in the spinal cord of rats. Sodium arsenite caused impairment in the acquisition and learning in all the behavioral tasks and caused significant increase in tumor necrosis factor-α,thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances andlipid profile, while caused significant decrease in glutathione, total thiol content, total antioxidant capacity, acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidase and ATPases activities. These results were confirmed by histopathological, fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy examination of different regions of brain.

Nicotine-induced reproductive toxicity, oxidative damage, histological changes and haematotoxicity in male rats: the protective effects of green tea extract.

Nicotine is an active substance present in tobacco that causes oxidative stress and tissues damages leading to several diseases. Natural antioxidants that prevent or slow the progression and severity of nicotine toxicity may have a significant health impact. We have analyzed the effects of green tea extract (GTE) on nicotine (NT)-induced reproductive toxicity, oxidative damage and haematotoxicity in adult Wistar male rats.

Cisplatin-induced renal toxicity via tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, tumor suppressor P53, DNA damage, xanthine oxidase, histological changes, oxidative stress and nitric oxide in rats: protective effect of ginseng.

Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic agent successfully used in the treatment of a wide range of solid tumors, while its usage is limited due to its nephrotoxicity. The present study was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of ginseng to ameliorate the renal nephrotoxicity, damage in kidney genomic DNA, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, tumor suppressor P53, histological changes and oxidative stress induced by cisplatin in rats. Cisplatin caused renal damage, including DNA fragmentation, upregulates gene expression of tumor suppressor protein p53 and tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6.

Protective role of Nigella sativa oil against reproductive toxicity, hormonal alterations, and oxidative damage induced by chlorpyrifos in male rats.

This study is aimed at elucidating the possible protective effects of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in alleviating the toxicity of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on reproductive performance in male rats. Animals were orally administered with NSO (1 ml/kg/day), CPF (20 mg/kg/day), and NSO + CPF every day for 4 weeks. Results showed that CPF decreased spermatid number, sperm count, daily sperm production, and sperm motility while increased dead sperm and abnormal sperm compared with the control.

Ameliorative effects of docosahexaenoic acid on the toxicity induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in cultured rat hepatocytes.

The 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental contaminant toxicant that mediates carcinogenic effects associated with oxidative DNA damage. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with antioxidant functions has many biochemical, cellular, and physiological functions for cells. The present study assessed, for the first time, the ameliorative effect of DHA in alleviating the toxicity of TCDD on primary cultured rat hepatocytes (HEPs).

Evaluation of cytotoxic, oxidative stress and genotoxic responses of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on human blood cells.

The present study was designed to investigate genotoxic and cytotoxic effects and oxidative damage of increasing concentrations of nano-hydroxyapatite (5, 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 150, 300, 500 and 1000 ppm) in primary human blood cell cultures. Cell viability was detected by [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay and lactate dehydrogenase release, while total antioxidant capacity and total oxidative stress levels were determined to evaluate the oxidative injury. The DNA damage was also analyzed by sister chromatid exchange, micronuclei, chromosome aberration assays and 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine level as indicators of genotoxicity.

Hepatoprotective potential of astaxanthin against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in cultured rat hepatocytes.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA) on cultured primary rat hepatocytes treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on the cell viability (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidative stress (TOS) levels, and liver micronucleus rates. ASTA (2.5, 5, and 10 µM) was added to cultures alone or simultaneously with TCDD (5 and 10 µM) for 48 h.