Nanotechnology-Driven Therapeutic Potential of Raloxifene in Osteoporosis and Cancer: A Recent Review.

Introduction: Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent condition in postmenopausal women, marked by reduced bone density and an increased risk of fractures. Raloxifene (RLX), a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), is the only drug approved for the management of OP in this patient population. RLX works by mimicking estrogen's effects on bone, reducing bone resorption and thereby increasing bone mineral density.

Metacognitive Awareness and Academic Performance: Implications from a Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective in Pre-service Teacher Education.

Background: Metacognition cognitive self-awareness and self-regulation of cognitive processes is a key predictors of successful learning and academic success. For future teachers among students following BEd, metacognitive skill acquisition is crucial not just for their own academic success but also for constructing reflective and inclusive teaching.

Purpose: The aim of the present research is to assess the levels of Metacognitive Awareness and Academic Achievement among BEd students, contrast gender differences in each of these, and explore pedagogical implications in teacher education courses.

Phytochemical profiling and anti-diabetic study of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of King.

Diabetes mellitus represents a persistent metabolic challenge, exerting substantial health and economic strains on communities. Given the limitations associated with existing medications, exploring alternative therapeutic approaches becomes imperative to alleviate this global burden. Herbal drugs are ideal candidates for treatment of diabetes.

Impact of high-dose vitamin D supplementation initiated shortly after diagnosis on residual beta cell function and partial remission rates in children with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the effect of high-dose cholecalciferol supplementation starting soon after diagnosis on residual β-cell function (RBCF) and partial remission (PR) rates in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: A prospective, randomized, open-label study was conducted in children aged 2-12 years with newly-diagnosed T1D. Cases received additional cholecalciferol (60,000 IU every fortnight) for six months, while age-matched controls received standard care.

Modulating Band Alignment and Passivating Defects with In-Situ Bi-Substituted CuZnSnS for Superior Photo-/Electrochemical Water Splitting.

Tailoring semiconductor properties through cation substitution is a promising strategy to improve the intrinsic properties of a photoabsorber material by improving charge carrier statistics, kinetics, and efficiency of photo-/electrocatalytic conversions. In the current study, CuZnSnS (CZTS) thin film photocathodes are investigated by partially replacing Zn with Bi by fabricating CuZnBiSnS (x = 0.02, 0.

Integrating Quality by Design (QbD) in Phytosomal Drug Delivery: A New Era in Precision Phytotherapy.

Quality by Design (QbD) has emerged as a systematic and proactive approach in pharmaceutical development, ensuring consistent product quality through a thorough understanding of formulation components and critical process parameters. In the context of phytosomal formulations, which increase bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness of phytoconstituents. QbD-driven risk analysis is essential for optimizing formulation parameters and reducing variability.

Endocan, a Potential Biomarker of Endothelial Dysfunction: A Brief Overview.

Endocan (endothelial cell-specific molecule 1, ESM-1), is a proteoglycan produced by the vascular endothelium that modulates cellular functions such as adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Elevated serum endocan levels are associated with autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, acting as a marker of endothelial activation and dysfunction. This brief overview considers endocan's role in HTN, cirrhosis, diabetes, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), erectile dysfunction (ED), and psoriasis vulgaris.

Oxygen vacancies assisted photocatalytic dye degradation and photoelectrochemical water splitting performance in Ag and Mg-modified NaNbO.

A lead-free NaAgNbMgO (AM-NN) polycrystalline ceramic was synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction method, and its structural, dielectric, impedance, and optical properties were thoroughly investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement of AM-NN confirmed that the material adopts a perovskite-type orthorhombic structure with the 2 space group. Introducing oxygen vacancies through AgO resulted in spectral changes observed in Raman spectroscopy and Photoluminescence.

An efficient deep learning based approach for automated identification of cervical vertebrae fracture as a clinical support aid.

Cervical vertebrae fractures pose a significant risk to a patient's health. The accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment need to be provided for effective treatment. Moreover, the automated analysis of the cervical vertebrae fracture is of utmost important, as deep learning models have been widely used and play significant role in identification and classification.

Mechanistic investigation of methadone, tolfenamic acid, and cilnidipine in traumatic brain injury: a novel multi-target perspective outcome of network pharmacology.

Background: Methadone (MTD) is a synthetic opioid, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, Tolfenamic acid (TA) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and Cilnidipine (CLD) is a calcium channel blocker widely used for the management of various neurological disorders and their associated complications. Investigating the mechanism of MTD, TA, and CLD drugs with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) protein has become easier with the advent of network pharmacology.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to use network pharmacology, a contemporary method, to examine the mechanisms of MTD, TA, and CLD in TBI.

Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles: a cutting-edge frontier in breast cancer treatment strategies.

Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide, affecting women. This review explores the potential of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) as a next-generation drug delivery system for breast cancer therapy. The review categorizes LPHNPs and discusses their unique structure, preparation methods, and applications in cancer therapy.

Exploring potential biomarkers and signaling pathways in neuroinflammation post-traumatic brain injury: insights for synthetic compound-based interventions.

Purpose Of The Review: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major reason for mortality and long-term neurologic disability worldwide, primarily resulting from road accidents, falls, and sports injuries. This review focuses on the potential biomarkers and signaling pathways involved in neuroinflammation, post-traumatic brain injury and synthetic compound-based treatment approaches.

Recent Findings: Neuroinflammation is a critical component of TBI pathology, initiated by the activation of microglia and astrocytes, release of pro-inflammatory mediators, and permeation of peripheral immune cells.

Caudal epidural steroid injection as a novel therapy for treatment-induced neuropathy of diabetes in children: report of two cases.

Objectives: Treatment-induced neuropathy of diabetes (TIND) is a rare complication of rapid glycemic improvement, characterized by severe shooting pain, predominantly in the lower extremities. This report aims to highlight the clinical presentation of TIND and evaluate the effectiveness of caudal epidural steroid injections (CESI) in managing refractory pain in pediatric cases.

Case Presentation: We describe two pediatric cases of TIND following rapid improvement in glycemic control for type 1 diabetes.

Off-axis holographic imaging with undetected light.

Quantum imaging with undetected light (QIUL) leverages the quantum correlations of photon pairs generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) to retrieve both amplitude and phase information of an object. This method enables illumination and detection at distinct wavelength ranges, utilizing advanced detection technology in the visible spectrum while probing the object at an exotic wavelength. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a QIUL technique incorporating Fourier off-axis holography within a hybrid-type induced-coherence nonlinear interferometer.

Revolutionizing Antibiotic Delivery: Harnessing 3D-Printing Technology to Combat Bacterial Resistance.

Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to public health, rendering many life-saving medications ineffective as pathogenic microorganisms develop resistance spontaneously. This results in infections that are difficult to treat, with limited or no treatment options. Traditionally, addressing this challenge involves developing new pharmaceuticals, a lengthy and costly process.

Multi-Omics Analysis of Experimentally Evolved Candida auris Isolates Reveals Modulation of Sterols, Sphingolipids, and Oxidative Stress in Acquired Amphotericin B Resistance.

Clinical isolates of Candida auris show a high prevalence of resistance to Amphotericin B (AmB)-an uncommon trait in most Candida species. Alterations in ergosterol biosynthesis can contribute to acquired AmB resistance in C. auris laboratory strains but are rarely seen in clinical isolates.

The experimentally evolved fluconazole-resistant clade II isolates of Candidozyma auris exhibit a distinct lipid compositional landscape, highlighting intraclade sphingolipid heterogeneity.

The intrinsic resistance of Candidozyma auris (C. auris) to antifungal drugs poses a major therapeutic challenge, with conventional resistance mechanisms providing only partial explanations. Sphingolipids (SLs), known for their interclade heterogeneity, play a crucial role in antifungal resistance.

A recent review on smart sensor-integrated wound dressings: Real-time monitoring and on-demand therapeutic delivery.

Wound management is a critical aspect of healthcare, necessitating continuous monitoring and timely interventions to ensure optimal healing outcomes. In recent years, the integration of sensor technology into wound dressings has emerged as a transformative approach, enabling real-time monitoring of healing parameters and facilitating on-demand treatment delivery. Sensor-based wound dressings leverage various sensing modalities, including temperature, pH, moisture, oxygen, and other biochemical markers, to provide comprehensive insights into the wound microenvironment.

Emerging Trends in the Pharmacological and Therapeutic Potential of Ginger: From Traditional Medicine to Nanotechnological Innovations.

Introduction: Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has a long history as a culinary and medicinal plant, widely recognized in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. In recent years, advances in nanotechnology have provided innovative delivery systems, enhancing ginger's bioavailability and efficacy in modern therapeutic applications. This study aims to explore ginger's pharmacological and therapeutic potential, tracing its evolution from traditional medicine to its integration into modern nanotechnological innovations.

SupportPrim CDSS: A clinical decision support system architecture based on microservices for non-specific musculoskeletal disorders.

Background And Objective: Non-specific musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pose significant challenges in primary care due to ambiguous symptoms and diverse etiologies. This research presents the SupportPrim clinical decision support system (CDSS), an innovative approach that combines case-based reasoning (CBR) with a scalable microservice framework, aiming to improve personalized treatment and clinical decision processes in MSD care.

Methods: The SupportPrim CDSS is engineered using a modular microservice architecture designed for scalability, reliability, and seamless clinical integration.

Natural polysaccharide-based nanodrug delivery systems for targeted treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A review.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent inflammation of the joints, leading to pain, disability, and systemic complications. Conventional treatments often exhibit limitations, including adverse effects and suboptimal bioavailability. To address these challenges, natural polysaccharides-mediated nano drug delivery is a promising vehicle for RA management.

Design, development and performance evaluation of henna harvester.

This study aimed to design, develop, and evaluate the performance of a mechanized henna harvester to mitigate the challenges associated with traditional manual harvesting. Manual henna harvesting is labor-intensive, costly, and poses health risks, necessitating mechanization. To address these issues, a prototype harvester was designed with circular saw blades for efficient cutting.

Formulation and Evaluation of Canagliflozin Hemihydrate-loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Using Box-Behnken Design: Physicochemical Characterization, Ex-vivo Analysis, and In-vivo Pharmacokinetics.

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disease significantly impacting healthcare, characterized by increased blood glucose levels from the average level due to insulin resistance or a lack of insulin production. Canagliflozin Hemihydrate (CGN) is one of the drugs of choice in the treatment of the disease. However, CGN belongs to BCS class IV making it difficult to formulate into suitable dosage form.

Accessing polysubstituted 2-cyclopentenones base-mediated annulation of β-keto esters and phenacyl bromides.

A transition metal-free method is demonstrated for the synthesis of polysubstituted 2-cyclopentenone compounds, which involves the direct annulation of phenacyl bromide with β-keto esters in a single step. This process proceeds through a base-mediated S2 nucleophilic substitution, followed by an intramolecular aldol condensation, resulting in the formation of three C-C bonds and one ring in a cascade manner. The experimental results achieved a record high yield of highly substituted diverse 2-cyclopentenone analogues, which exhibit very good structural resemblance to biologically significant natural compounds.