The antibacterial efficacy and effect of tungsten nanoparticles (WO) on the expression of tetracycline and erythromycin-resistance genes in Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women.

Background And Objectives: Colonization of pregnant women by can lead to intrauterine infections after childbirth and potentially life-threatening infections in newborns. The current effectiveness of available antimicrobials is decreasing, posing a serious threat. Hence, there is an urgent requirement to develop novel categories of antimicrobial agents that can efficiently and swiftly eradicate these infections.

Genome sequencing and physiological characterization of three Neoarthrinium moseri strains.

Background: Fungi play essential ecological roles and have been utilized by humans for diverse applications such as industrial enzyme production or as sources of bioactive compounds. Recent research has highlighted the Amphisphaeriales order (Ascomycota) as promising producers of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance. Within this family, the recently established genus Neoarthrinium includes species such as N.

Application of peripheral electrical stimulation for treatment of erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common and debilitating condition that can have significant impacts on quality of life. Peripheral electrical stimulation (PES) has emerged as a potential alternative therapy for ED, as it aims to improve penile hemodynamics and neuromuscular function. However, the clinical evidence on the effectiveness of PES for managing ED remains unclear.

Synthesis of thiosemicarbazone Schiff base derivatives as anti-leishmanial agents and molecular dynamics simulations insights.

Leishmaniasis is one of the infectious diseases caused by protozoa and is considered the second most significant parasitic disease after malaria. In this research, thiosemicarbazone Schiff base derivatives were synthesized via a one-pot, two-step, three-component reaction. Then, the effectiveness of the compounds against the two forms of Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica called amastigote and promastigote, was tested.

Nonimplantable Peripheral Electrical Stimulation for Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain: An Umbrella Review.

Background: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a complex and debilitating condition that significantly affects quality of life. Peripheral electrical stimulation (PES) has gained attention as a noninvasive or minimally invasive therapeutic and rehabilitative approach. However, its overall efficacy remains uncertain.

Comparison of the Surgical Results of Ventral and Dorsal Dartos Flaps in Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty for Distal Hypospadias: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the urogenital system. Various surgical methods exist to repair this condition, all aiming to create a straight penis, ensure proper placement of the meatus, and achieve a sufficient diameter for the urethra with optimal flow. Despite following precise surgical techniques, many patients in reported studies still experience complications.

Development and synthesis of DNA-based label-free electrochemical biosensor for detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi using screen-printed gold electrode.

Microsporidia are a large group of obligate intracellular parasites. In this study, a label-free electrochemical genosensor was developed to detect Enterocytozoon bieneusi using specific probe and electrode substrate, Mxene-Ti3C2/AuNPs/PDA. A 5' thiol-modified DNA probe, targeting 16S like ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of E.

Performance of 7 Artificial Intelligence Chatbots on Board-style Endodontic Questions.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the overall performance of artificial intelligence chatbots in answering board-style endodontic questions.

Methods: One hundred multiple choice endodontic questions, following the style of American Board of Endodontics Written Exam, were generated by two board-certified endodontists. The questions were submitted to the following chatbots, three times in a row: Gemini Advanced, Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, GPT-3.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Orthognathic Surgery: A Scoping Review.

This study was aimed at reviewing the application of different artificial intelligent algorithms used in different phases of orthognathic surgeries, which include diagnosis, treatment planning, soft tissue prediction, outcome evaluation, and complication assessment. This aimed to update clinicians on this technology to integrate it into their decision-making, in addition to being aware of its challenges and potential areas for further assessment. Electronic search was done in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of exercise training on asprosin in randomized controlled trials.

Asprosin, a protein that enhances insulin resistance by stimulating hepatic glucose secretion, is linked to obesity, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigate the influence of exercise training (ET) on circulating concentrations of asprosin. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases was conducted for all randomized controlled clinical trials from January 2016 to November 2024.

Gum tragacanth-based hemostatic sponge for enhanced hemostasis in dental surgery.

Regulating hemorrhage is crucial during dental procedures, particularly surgical interventions where substantial blood loss may occur. Hemostatic sponges are effective instruments for controlling hemorrhage, facilitating hemostasis, preparing the surgical area, and enhancing the healing of injuries. This work aimed to present a novel hemostatic sponge created by integrating antihemorrhagic chemicals with the natural polysaccharide tragacanth.

Predicting the Effect of Temperature Changes on Activity, as the Main Vector of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) represents a significant vector-borne disease in Iran. Our study examined the status of zoonotic CL (ZCL) in the country and forecasted the influence of global climate change on the monthly activity of , the main vector of ZCL in the country. To predict the impact of climate change on the monthly activity of , we obtained the monthly average minimum and maximum temperatures for both the reference and future periods, using the MIROC6 model and two different shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios.

The Effect of 6 Weeks of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Exercises on Motor Control, Cardiovascular Fitness, and Respiratory Performance in Overweight and Obese Women.

Obesity is linked to impairments in motor control, cardiovascular fitness, and respiratory function. Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) aims to enhance core stability, diaphragmatic breathing, and neuromuscular coordination. This study investigated the effects of a 6-week DNS program on these functional outcomes in overweight and obese women.

Effects of Functional Training on Physical Function, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Quality of Life in Older Women: A 6-Week Randomized Controlled Trial.

Functional training is increasingly recognized for its potential to improve physical function and quality of life (QoL) in older adults. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of a six-week functional training program on physical function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and QoL in older women. Fifty older women (mean age: 63.

Molecular Characterization and Analysis of Human Species in an Endemic Region of Iran Based on 1 Gene; A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: species are the causative agents of zoonotic disease, which has been frequently reported from animals in Iran. The aim of this study was to identify, molecular characterization and analysis of species isolated from humans, in an endemic region, based on cytochrome c oxidase (.

Methods: A total of 206 fresh stool samples were collected from residents of endemic villages of sampling area.

The Effects of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Hydatid Cyst Fluid on the Expression of microRNAs Involved in Liver Fibrosis.

Introduction: Hydatidosis is a zoonotic neglected disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. Evidence suggests a communication between hydatid cyst (HC) and hosts via extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, a little is known about the communication between EVs derived from HC fluid (HCF) and host cells.

Corrigendum to "Application of machine learning in the prediction of COVID-19 daily new cases: A scoping review" [Heliyon Volume 7, Issue 10, October 2021, Article e08143].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Chatbots for conducting systematic reviews in pediatric dentistry.

Objectives: The performance of chatbots for discrete steps of a systematic review (SR) on artificial intelligence (AI) in pediatric dentistry was evaluated.

Methods: Two chatbots (ChatGPT4/Gemini) and two non-expert reviewers were compared against two experts in a SR on AI in pediatric dentistry. Five tasks: (1) formulating a PICO question, (2) developing search queries for eight databases, (3) screening studies, (4) extracting data, and (5) assessing the risk of bias (RoB) were assessed.

Artificial intelligence chatbots in endodontic education-Concepts and potential applications.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into education is transforming learning across various domains, including dentistry. Endodontic education can significantly benefit from AI chatbots; however, knowledge gaps regarding their potential and limitations hinder their effective utilization. This narrative review aims to: (A) explain the core functionalities of AI chatbots, including their reliance on natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL); (B) explore their applications in endodontic education for personalized learning, interactive training, and clinical decision support; (C) discuss the challenges posed by technical limitations, ethical considerations, and the potential for misinformation.

The Effect of Vitamin D3 Injection Combined With High-Intensity Interval Training on Excessive Autophagy in the Heart Tissue of Type 2 Diabetes-Induced Rats: An Analysis of the mTOR-Beclin-1-Fyco-1-Cathepsin D Pathway.

This study investigated the effect of vitamin D3 injection combined with high-intensity interval training on cell signaling pathways involved in excessive autophagy, specifically the mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin)-Beclin-1-Fyco-1 (FYVE and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1)-cathepsin D pathway, in the heart tissue of Type 2 diabetes-induced rats. In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet for 6 weeks to induce Type 2 diabetes, followed by a single subcutaneous injection of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were then randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) diabetes control (DC), (2) diabetes + HIIT (DT), (3) diabetes + vitamin D3 (DV), and (4) diabetes + HIIT + vitamin D3 (DTV).

Pheochromocytoma-Induced Reversible Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Pheochromocytoma is a rare, primarily benign tumor that arises from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. It is known for causing excessive secretion of catecholamines, such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. This condition poses significant health risks due to its potential to cause severe cardiovascular complications, including hypertension, stroke, and various forms of cardiomyopathy.

Artificial Intelligence in Prosthodontics.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted numerous industries, including health care, dentistry, and specifically prosthodontics. This review focuses on AI's role in prosthodontics, detailing its use in diagnosis, design, and manufacturing. AI-driven systems analyze intraoral scans, improve prosthetic planning, and aid in robotic procedures.

The Roles of Neuroinflammation in l-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia: Dissecting the Roles of NF-κB and TNF-α for Novel Pharmacological Therapeutic Approaches.

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a common and debilitating complication of long-term Parkinson's disease treatment. This review explores the roles of NF-κB and TNF-α signalling pathways in LID pathophysiology and potential therapeutic approaches targeting these mechanisms. Chronic levodopa treatment leads to aberrant neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation, involving activation of NF-κB and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α.

A preliminary study of the association between and quantification of selected yeasts in IBD and IBS patients.

Objective: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are gastrointestinal disorders, which can be triggered by gut microbiota dysbiosis. The development of IBS-like symptoms has been linked to the overgrowth of spp. In addition, the critical role of fungi has been highlighted in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Detection and molecular characterization of Blastocystis sp., Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis in asymptomatic animals in southeastern Iran.

Domestic animals can harbor a variety of enteric unicellular eukaryotic parasites (EUEP) with zoonotic potential that pose risks to human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and genetic diversity of EUEP of zoonotic relevance in domestic animals in Iran. Faecal samples were collected from cattle, sheep, camels, goats, donkeys, horse, and dogs.