Curcumin as a Natural Therapeutic Agent: A Rapid Review of Potential Clinical Uses and Mechanisms of Action.

Context: Curcumin, a natural compound derived from the rhizome of the turmeric plant, exhibits various pharmacological and therapeutic effects through distinct cellular and molecular mechanisms.

Evidence Acquisition: Given the therapeutic applications and pharmacological properties of curcumin, it is essential to explore its pharmacological effects for potential use in clinical research. Notably, curcumin demonstrates significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties.

Excess surface area of the nuclear lamina enables unhindered cell migration through constrictions.

Cell migration through narrow spaces is essential in wound healing and metastatic spread of cancer. Cells must deform the large nucleus to fit through constricting channels. To understand the role of the nuclear lamina in limiting cell migration through constrictions, we imaged it in cells migrating through periodic constricting channels in a microdevice.

Matrix stiffness drives drop like nuclear deformation and lamin A/C tension-dependent YAP nuclear localization.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness influences cancer cell fate by altering gene expression. Previous studies suggest that stiffness-induced nuclear deformation may regulate gene expression through YAP nuclear localization. We investigated the role of the nuclear lamina in this process.

PEGylated Pemetrexed and PolyNIPAM Decorated Gold Nanoparticles: A Biocompatible and Highly Stable CT Contrast Agent for Cancer Imaging.

This study describes a multifunctional nanoparticle platform for targeted CT imaging and therapy of cancers. Pemetrexed (conjugated with polyethylene glycol, MW 2000 Da) and polyNIPAM (PEGylated) were designed for targeted delivery to folate receptors and thermally ablated tumors, respectively. These moieties were coated on gold nanoparticles (7 and 30 nm), and the prepared compounds were characterized using H NMR, FT-IR, CHNS, DLS, TEM, TGA, and UV-vis.

Dynamic Adaptation in Extant Porins Facilitates Antibiotic Tolerance in Energetic .

Bacteria can tolerate antibiotics despite lacking the genetic components for resistance. The prevailing notion is that tolerance results from depleted cellular energy or cell dormancy. In contrast to this view, many cells in the tolerant population of Escherichia coli can exhibit motility - a phenomenon that requires cellular energy, specifically, the proton-motive force (PMF).

One-Step Preparation of Luteolin Nanoemulsion and Evaluation of its Anti-inflammatory Effect in Animal Models.

Background: Nanoemulsions are promising drug delivery systems for topical application owing to the high transdermal penetration.

Objective: Due to the side effects of existing anti-inflammatory drugs, much attention has been paid to natural products such as flavonoids. The aim of this work was to formulate luteolin nanoemulsion (LNE) and to evaluate its anti-inflammatory effect.

A review on / response of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

Bone replacement using porous and solid metallic implants, such as Ti-alloy implants, is regarded as one of the most practical therapeutic approaches in biomedical engineering. The bone is a complex tissue with various mechanical properties based on the site of action. Patient-specific Ti-6Al-4V constructs may address the key needs in bone treatment for having customized implants that mimic the complex structure of the natural tissue and diminish the risk of implant failure.

Mercury Exposure and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Methods: Scopus and PubMed databases were systematically searched from their inception to November 2021 to obtain pertinent studies. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the difference in Hg levels between people with and without T2DM. The association of the Hg exposure with T2DM was assessed using a random-effects model by pooling the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs.

Diosgenin: Mechanistic Insights on its Anti-inflammatory Effects.

Diosgenin (DG), a well-known steroid saponin, has shown anti-inflammatory effects. This review was aimed to discuss all published literature concerning the anti-inflammatory effects of diosgenin. Based on the modulatory impact of DG on the NF-κB pathway, its supplementation is associated with downregulation of the NF-κB pathway and TGF-β, resulting in inhibition of inflammation.

Cell encapsulation in alginate-based microgels using droplet microfluidics; a review on gelation methods and applications.

Cell encapsulation within the microspheres using a semi-permeable polymer allows the two-way transfer of molecules such as oxygen, nutrients, and growth factors. The main advantages of cell encapsulation technology include controlling the problems involved in transplanting rejection in tissue engineering applications and reducing the long-term need for immunosuppressive drugs following organ transplantation to eliminate the side effects. Cell-laden microgels can also be used in 3D cell cultures, wound healing, and cancerous clusters for drug testing.

Investigating the protective role of metformin on lithium-induced hypothyroidism.

Induction of oxidative stress events has been shown to be associated with lithium (Li) hypothyroidism induction. Metformin (MET) is a commonly used antidiabetic drug with multiple properties including antiproliferative activity, antioxidant potency, and is used in polycystic ovarian syndrome treatment. Here, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of different doses of MET on Li-induced hypothyroidism for elucidating its mechanism of action.

Carbon-based Nanomaterials and Curcumin: A Review of Biosensing Applications.

Curcumin, the main active constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), is a naturally occurring phenolic compound with a wide variety of pharmacological activities. Although it has multiple pharmaceutical properties, its bioavailability and industrial usage are hindered due to rapid hydrolysis and low water solubility.

Clinical and Radiographic Assessments of Tooth Socket Preservation Using Leukocyte Platelet-Rich Fibrin.

Leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) has the potential to accelerate wound healing. Here, we assess clinical and radiographic outcomes of socket preservation using L-PRF. For this single-blind, randomized, split-mouth clinical trial, we selected 22 patients (15 males and seven females), who required extraction of single-rooted teeth.

The Diagnosis and Treatment of a Rare Maxillary Plasmacytoma: a Case Report.

The jaw plasmacytoma is a very rare condition, which its diagnosis is difficult in clinical routine. Up to now, less than 60 cases of jaw plasmacytoma have been reported in the literature. In the present case report, we reported a rare case of jaw plasmacytoma in a 42-year-old female, which was misdiagnosed with dental granuloma and abscess.

Sol-Gel Synthesis, Physico-Chemical and Biological Characterization of Cerium Oxide/Polyallylamine Nanoparticles.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO-NPs) have great applications in different industries, including nanomedicine. However, some studies report CeO-NPs-related toxicity issues that limit their usage and efficiency. In this study, the sol-gel method was applied to the synthesis of CeO-NPs using poly(allylamine) (PAA) as a capping and/or stabilizing agent.

Curcumin: a phytochemical modulator of estrogens and androgens in tumors of the reproductive system.

Curcumin (Cur) is an active derivative extracted from turmeric which exerts a wide range of interactions with biomolecules through complex signaling pathways. Cur has been extensively shown to possess potential antitumor properties. In addition, there is growing body of evidence suggesting that Cur may exert potential anti-estrogen and anti-androgen activity.

Clinical Features, Treatment, Prognosis, and Mortality in Paraquat Poisonings: A Hospital-Based Study in Iran.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the demographics, clinical characteristics, fatal dose, the efficacy of treatments, and prognosis in paraquat (PQ) poisoning in the Kerman Province of Iran.

Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 126 PQ poisoned patients who were referred to Afzalipour Hospital during 2006-2015. Demographic variables such as age and gender, signs and symptoms of poisoning, the estimated ingested dosage of PQ, and clinical outcome were extracted from medical records.

Antiproliferative Effects of Free and Encapsulated L. Extract and Its Potential Interaction with Doxorubicin for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is considered as a deadly medical condition that affects a growing number of people worldwide. Targeted therapy of ESCC has been suggested recently and required extensive research. With cyclin D1 as a therapeutic target, the present study aimed at evaluating the anticancer effects of doxorubicin (Dox) or L.

Carbon nanomaterials and amyloid-beta interactions: potentials for the detection and treatment of Alzheimer's disease?

Carbon-based nanomaterials have unique physicochemical properties relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. There have been many reports indicating that carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) can interact and perturb biomolecules such as proteins and amyloid structures. This review is an attempt to reflect the role of CNMs in the treatment and detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Mast cell tryptase - Marker and maker of cardiovascular diseases.

Mast cells are tissue-resident cells, which have been proposed to participate in various inflammatory diseases, among them the cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). For mast cells to be able to contribute to an inflammatory process, they need to be activated to exocytose their cytoplasmic secretory granules. The granules contain a vast array of highly bioactive effector molecules, the neutral protease tryptase being the most abundant protein among them.

Effects of estrogens and androgens on mitochondria under normal and pathological conditions.

Several lines of evidence have suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in neurodegeneration. The mitochondrial function is a potential target for steroid hormones, which could exert protective activities in the brain and other tissues. The decrease of some sex steroids with aging has been associated with deleterious effects on brain function and progression to neurodegenerative diseases.

Evaluation of leishmanicidal effect of extract by anti-leishmanial assay using promastigotes of .

Objective: The extract of different species of has been successfully used as a remedy for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to assess the leishmanicidal effect of () extract.

Materials And Methods: Ethanolic percolated and methanolic Soxhlet extract of on promastigotes of at different concentrations of extracts, one positive control group and one negative control group as well as 1 solvent control were prepared and placed in 24-well plates that contained 40,000 parasites/well.

Green synthesis of labeled CeO nanoparticles with Tc and its biodistribution evaluation in mice.

Aims: The in vivo targeted diagnostic applications of biosynthetic Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO-NPs), prepared by applying chitosan as a stabilizer, was explored by evaluating the cytotoxicity through MTT assay on WEHI 164 cell line, the Hemolytic activity of CeO-NPs and biodistribution in rats.

Main Methods: The CeO-NPs were characterized through the use of TGA/DTG, PXRD, FESEM, FTIR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The biodistribution of CeO-NPs were determined by directly labeled nanoparticles with Technetium-99 m (99mTc) radioisotope (99mTc-CeO-NPs).

MicroRNAs: Novel Molecular Targets and Response Modulators of Statin Therapy.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death globally. Addressing cardiovascular risk factors, particularly dyslipidemia, represents the most robust clinical strategy towards reducing the CVD burden. Statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and represent the main therapeutic approach for lowering cholesterol and reducing plaque formation/rupture.