Impact of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy on esophageal pressure and cardiovascular function in healthy, anesthetized, spontaneously breathing dogs.

Objective: To determine whether high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNOT) induces changes in esophageal pressure, a surrogate for intrathoracic pressure, and to evaluate the associated cardiovascular and respiratory effects in healthy dogs.

Methods: A prospective, randomized study was conducted in 6 healthy Beagles. Anesthesia was induced and maintained using alfaxalone total IV anesthesia.

Shared Decision-Making and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often prioritize their quality of life (QOL) over life extension, especially in advanced stages. Although shared decision-making (SDM) positively influences QOL, evidence on this topic remains limited. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and synthesized evidence from 12 quantitative studies examining the relationship between SDM and QOL in adults with CKD.

Clinical Risk Factor for Detected Distant Metastasis and Anaplastic Transformation After Reoperation in Recurrent/Persistent Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: Research on detected distant metastasis or anaplastic transformation in recurrent/persistent differentiated thyroid cancer is limited. We analyzed the clinical factors associated with detected distant metastasis or anaplastic transformation following reoperation for differentiated thyroid cancer.

Methods: This retrospective review included 336 patients who underwent reoperation for differentiated thyroid cancer with detection of distant metastasis or anaplastic transformation following reoperation.

Effect of experimentally induced mitral regurgitation on endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 as a biomarker of endothelial injury in dogs.

Objective: To investigate changes in plasma endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) concentrations following mitral regurgitation (MR) induction in dogs and to evaluate their association with established diagnostic markers of myxomatous mitral valve disease.

Methods: Purpose-bred Beagles were enrolled in a prospective, nonrandomized, controlled trial from January 2024 through March 2025. Mitral regurgitation was induced in each dog via a minimally invasive intervention under fluoroscopic guidance with mean left atrial pressure monitoring.

The Effect of Skating Exercises as High-Intensity Interval Training on Elderly Stroke Patients.

Background/objectives: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can optimize recovery by complementing the low cardiovascular fitness intensities typically achieved in stroke rehabilitation programs. Skating exercise is an HIIT workout developed based on ice skating movements, and we investigated the effects of this exercise on the cardiorespiratory fitness of elderly patients with minor stroke.

Methods: Participants aged 65 or older with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 3 or lower were recruited.

Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of PVA-Based Ionogels: Tailoring Crystallinity via Additives for Advanced Waste Heat Recovery.

Converting low-grade waste heat into electricity is crucial for green energy. This study introduces an innovative approach using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based ionogels incorporating 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([EMIM][DCA]) and specific additives: 2-carboxyphenylacetic acid (H), 2-sulfobenzoic acid (S), and 2-carboxyphenyl phosphate (P)). These additives enable successful tailoring of the crystallinity, leading to a substantial increase in the ionic figure-of-merit (z), from 0.

Real-Time Monitoring of Cardiac Output Using Non-Invasive Impedance Cardiography in Dogs: A Pilot Study on Heartworm Extraction and Gastric Decompression.

Background: Gastric dilatation (GD) and heartworm disease (HW) can significantly impact cardiovascular function, necessitating timely intervention. This study evaluated hemodynamic changes in these conditions using impedance cardiography (ICG), a non-invasive technique for real-time monitoring.

Methods: Cardiac parameters were measured using ICG in healthy controls, HW, and GD groups at baseline, during intervention, and post-treatment.

Approach to Patients with Dysphagia: Clinical Insights.

Dysphagia is a commonly encountered condition in clinical practice, with a rising incidence reported particularly in South Korea. It can be broadly classified into oropharyngeal dysphagia and esophageal dysphagia, and distinguishing between the two is crucial for establishing rehabilitation treatment strategies. Oropharyngeal dysphagia frequently occurs in central nervous system diseases such as stroke, dementia, and Parkinson's disease and has a significant impact on prognosis.

Use of an insulin titration protocol based on continuous glucose monitoring in postoperative cardiac surgery patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Maintaining optimal glucose control is critical for postoperative care cardiac surgery patients. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in this setting remains understudied. We evaluated the efficacy of CGM with a specialized titration protocol in cardiac surgery patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes.

Association of loss of visceral adipose tissue after concurrent chemoradiotherapy with poor survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Nutritional status is known to be associated with clinical outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue mass after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) are significantly related to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in HNSCC patients.

Methods: 117 HNSCC patients who underwent definitive CCRT were retrospecitively analyzed.

Protective potential of nodakenin in high-fat diet-mediated colitis-associated cancer: Inhibition of STAT3 activation and Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and gut microbiota modulation.

A high-fat diet (HFD) exerts complex effects on the risk of colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Nodakenin, a key phytochemical isolated from the dried roots of Angelicae gigas Nakai (Umbelliferae), possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic properties and shows potential as a therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we investigated the protective effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of nodakenin in an animal model of CRC induced by HFD, azoxymethane (AOM), and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS).

Prediction of Fluid Responsiveness Based on the External Jugular Vein Distensibility Index After Changes in Volume Status in Healthy, Anesthetized, and Mechanically Ventilated Dogs.

Objective: To investigate whether point-of-care ultrasound of the external jugular vein (EJV) can predict fluid responsiveness (FR) in healthy, anesthetized, mechanically ventilated dogs.

Design: Prospective, nonrandomized experimental study.

Setting: University-based small animal research facility.

Guidelines for the Treatment of Laryngeal Cancer from the Korean Society of Head and Neck Surgery.

Objectives: Effective treatment of laryngeal cancer requires clinical decision-making that balances survival outcomes with the preservation of essential functions, such as voice and swallowing. This study, led by the Clinical Practice Guideline Committee of the Korean Society of Head and Neck Surgery, aims to establish evidence-based recommendations to guide surgeons in optimizing treatment decisions for patients with laryngeal cancer.

Methods: A literature search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and KoreaMed databases by a literature search expert and subsequently reviewed by a panel of 39 committee experts.

Comparison of Injection Laryngoplasty With and Without Ultrasound Marking After Thyroid Surgery.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of injection laryngoplasty using ultrasound marking in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis after thyroidectomy compared with injection laryngoplasty without ultrasound marking.

Methods: Ten patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis after thyroidectomy were retrospectively analyzed. There were five patients in the ultrasound marking group and matched five patients in the non-ultrasound marking group.

Band Filling, Electrochemical Reaction, and Re-Entrant Insulating Behavior in Electrolyte-Gated BBL Polymer Semiconductor Films.

Electrochemical doping of the n-type polymer poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) in contact with ionic liquids reveals a peak in the drain current () vs gate voltage () behavior, i.e., conductivity versus electron density.

Prognostic significance of normalized distance from maximum standardized uptake value to tumor centroid on [F]FDG PET/CT in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: The maximum [F]FDG uptake of a cancer lesion has been found to relocate from the center to the periphery during progression. This behavior suggests that the normalized distances from the hotspot of radiotracer uptake to the tumor centroid (NHOC) and to the tumor perimeter (NHOP) could serve as novel geometric PET parameters indicative of tumor aggressiveness. This study aimed to explore the prognostic relevance of NHOC and NHOP in [F]FDG PET/CT for predicting the response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Ultrafast Synthesis of Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium-ion Batteries: An Intense-Pulsed-Light-Assisted Approach to Photothermal Carbonization of Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Composite Films.

The conventional carbonization process for synthesizing hard carbons (HCs) requires high-temperature furnace operations exceeding 1000 °C, leading to excessive energy consumption and lengthy processing times, which necessitates the exploration of more efficient synthesis methods. This study demonstrates the rapid preparation of HC anodes using intense pulsed light (IPL)-assisted photothermal carbonization without the prolonged and complex operations typical of traditional carbonization methods. A composite film of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is carbonized at high temperatures in less than 1 min.

Morphologic study of patent ductus arteriosus based on computed tomography data in 25 dogs.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to analyze the morphology and measurement dimensions of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) based on computed tomography images.

Methods: The present study retrospectively evaluated computed tomography angiography data from 25 client-owned dogs diagnosed with PDA. PDA was reconstructed based on the central axis and the minimum diameter, ampulla diameter, angle, ampulla cross-section area, and length values were measured at specific measurement sites.

Assessment of changes in intra-abdominal pressure and cardiac output induced by liver compression in healthy anesthetized spontaneously breathing dogs.

Objective: Liver compression (LC) has been proposed to predict fluid responsiveness in human pediatric patients. Because the evaluation of fluid responsiveness through LC depends on the mechanism of increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), understanding the impact of LC on IAP, cardiac output (CO), and respiratory parameters is essential. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of LC on these parameters.

Single-Input Multiple-Output (SIMO) Cascode Low-Noise Amplifier with Switchable Degeneration Inductor for Carrier Aggregation.

This paper presents a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) cascode low-noise amplifier with inductive degeneration for inter- and intra-band carrier aggregation. The proposed low-noise amplifier has two output ports for flexible operation in carrier aggregation combinations for band 30 and band 7. However, during inter- and intra-band operation, gain variation occurs depending on the output mode.

Supramolecular Association of a Block Copolymer via Strong Hydrogen Bonding to Form Self-Healable Ionogels.

The drive to enhance the operational durability and reliability of stretchable and wearable electronic and electrochemical devices has led to the exploration of self-healing materials that can recover from both physical and functional failures. In the present study, we fabricated a self-healable solid polymer electrolyte, referred to as an ionogel, using reversible hydrogen bonding between the ureidopyrimidone units of a block copolymer (BCP) network swollen in an ionic liquid (IL). The BCP consisted of poly(styrene--(methyl acrylate--ureidopyrimidone methacrylate)) [poly(S--(MA--UPyMA)], with the IL-phobic polystyrene forming micellar cores that were interconnected via intercorona hydrogen bonding between the ureidopyrimidone units.

In Silico Analysis and Biochemical Characterization of PET Hydrolase with Bis(2-Hydroxyethyl) Terephthalate Biodegradation Activity.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), one of the most widely used plastics in the world, causes serious environmental problems. Recently, scientists have been focused on the enzymatic degradation of PET, an environmentally friendly method that offers an attractive approach to the degradation and recycling of PET. In this work, PET hydrolase from sp.

Evaluation of fluid responsiveness using liver compression in dogs with experimentally induced hypovolemia.

Objective: To investigate whether liver compression (LC) could increase stroke volume (SV) by more than 15% in healthy, anesthetized dogs with hypovolemia and suggest LC as a novel method to evaluate fluid responsiveness.

Animals: 6 healthy Beagles.

Methods: This prospective, nonrandomized experimental study was conducted from November 2023 to February 2024.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Selective Nerve Block on Chronic Cervical Radiculopathy.

: Cervical radiculopathy (CR) manifests as pain and sensorimotor disturbances in the upper extremities, often resulting from nerve root compression due to intervertebral disc herniation, degenerative changes, or trauma. While conservative treatments are initially preferred, persistent or severe cases may require surgical intervention. Ultrasound-guided selective nerve root block (SNRB) has emerged as a promising intervention for alleviating symptoms and potentially obviating the need for surgery.