Rule-based design verification for mechanical parts with dynamic rule subset selection.

In the product development process, it is essential to identify potential design errors in design data and correct them appropriately before production begins. This paper proposes a method for rule-based design verification of mechanical parts through dynamic selection of rule subsets. First, a knowledgebase structure centered on design features was defined to specify rules from design requirements.

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Given the increasing interest in the potential cognitive benefits of green tea, this study evaluated the efficacy of processed green tea products as nootropic agents. We conducted a 12-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to assess the effects of heat-treated green tea extract (HT-GTE) supplementation on memory performance in individuals with subjective memory impairment (SMI). A total of 80 participants with SMI (mean age 49.

The effects of on cognitive function and cerebral cortical thickness: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

BackgroundEarly intervention for subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is becoming increasingly important to prevent progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the promising results observed in animal models of AD, the neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing effects of (DM) still need to be evaluated in individuals with cognitive decline.ObjectiveThis 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the effects of DM leaf extracts on cognitive function in 85 individuals with SCD (KCT0006329, registered on July 7, 2021).

A review on the effect of green tea extract against obesity.

Obesity is a public health crisis that has reached epidemic proportions worldwide, demanding urgent attention. To combat obesity, people endeavor to follow a healthy diet and regularly engage in physical activities. However, maintaining a healthy diet and physical activity is challenging, highlighting the need for novel effective therapies.

Deciphering single-cell genomic architecture: insights into cellular heterogeneity and regulatory dynamics.

Background: The genomic architecture of eukaryotes exhibits dynamic spatial and temporal changes, enabling cellular processes critical for maintaining viability and functional diversity. Recent advances in sequencing technologies have facilitated the dissection of genomic architecture and functional activity at single-cell resolution, moving beyond the averaged signals typically derived from bulk cell analyses.

Main Body: The advent of single-cell genomics and epigenomics has yielded transformative insights into cellular heterogeneity, behavior, and biological complexity with unparalleled genomic resolution and reproducibility.

Ambient Stable CsCuI Flexible Gas Sensors for Reliable NO Detection at Room Temperature.

The advancement of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence has increased the demand for air quality monitoring to protect human health. Nitrogen dioxide (NO), a hazardous pollutant, causes inflammatory responses, even at low concentrations, necessitating sensitive gas sensors. Although metal oxide semiconductor sensors are commonly used, their high-operating temperature and reliance on additional heaters limit miniaturization and increase power consumption.

Highly Reliable BiOSe Dendritic Neuron Enabling Spatial-Temporal Signal Processing for Real-World Image Classification.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant strides by imitating biological neurons and synapses through simplified models, yet incomplete neuron functionalities can limit performance and energy efficiency in handling complex tasks. Biological neurons process input signals nonlinearly, utilizing dendrites to process spatial-temporal information. This study demonstrates the compact artificial dendrite device employing memristors based on bismuth oxyselenide (BiOSe).

Formyl-methionine-mediated eukaryotic ribosome quality control pathway for cold adaptation.

Protein synthesis in the eukaryotic cytosol can start using both conventional methionine and formyl-methionine (fMet). However, a mechanism, if such exists, for detecting and regulating the incorporation of fMet (instead of Met) during translation, thereby preventing cellular toxicity of nascent fMet-bearing (fMet-) polypeptides, remains unknown. Here, we describe the fMet-mediated ribosome quality control (fMet-RQC) pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Crystallinity-Controlled Hexagonal Boron Nitride-Based Memristors for Fully Integrated Reservoir Computing Processors.

Memristors based on 2D materials (2DMs) have attracted considerable research interest due to their excellent switching performance. Former synthesis methods for 2DMs aimed to synthesize 2DMs with a large grain size. However, these methods cause a stochastic distribution of defects in high-density memristor arrays, resulting in device nonuniformity.

Longitudinal analysis of genetic and epigenetic changes in human pluripotent stem cells in the landscape of culture-induced abnormality.

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are naturally equipped to maintain genome integrity to minimize genetic mutations during early embryo development. However, genetic aberration risks and subsequent cellular changes in hESCs during in vitro culture pose a significant threat to stem cell therapy. While a few studies have reported specific somatic mutations and copy number variations (CNVs), the molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of 'culture-adapted phenotypes' by hESCs are largely unknown.

Memristive Artificial Synapses Based on Brownmillerite for Endurable Weight Modulation.

Exploring a computing paradigm that blends memory and computation functions is essential for artificial synapses. While memristors for artificial synapses are widely studied due to their energy-efficient structures, random filament conduction in general memristors makes them less preferred for endurability in long-term synaptic modulation. Herein, the topotactic phase transition (TPT) in brownmillerite-phased (110)-SrCoO (SCO) is harnessed to enhance the reversibility of oxygen ion migration through 1-D oxygen vacancy channels.

Supramolecular Association of a Block Copolymer via Strong Hydrogen Bonding to Form Self-Healable Ionogels.

The drive to enhance the operational durability and reliability of stretchable and wearable electronic and electrochemical devices has led to the exploration of self-healing materials that can recover from both physical and functional failures. In the present study, we fabricated a self-healable solid polymer electrolyte, referred to as an ionogel, using reversible hydrogen bonding between the ureidopyrimidone units of a block copolymer (BCP) network swollen in an ionic liquid (IL). The BCP consisted of poly(styrene--(methyl acrylate--ureidopyrimidone methacrylate)) [poly(S--(MA--UPyMA)], with the IL-phobic polystyrene forming micellar cores that were interconnected via intercorona hydrogen bonding between the ureidopyrimidone units.

Spatial-temporal impacts of invasive Spartina anglica on the rates and pathways of organic carbon mineralization and resulting C-Fe-S cycles in the intertidal wetland of the Han River Estuary, Yellow Sea.

To elucidate the spatial-temporal impact of invasive saltmarsh plant Spartina anglica on the biogeochemical processes in coastal wetlands, we investigated the rates and partitioning of organic carbon (C) mineralization in three representative benthic habitats: (1) vegetated sediments inhabited by invasive S. anglica (SA); vegetated sediments by indigenous Suaeda japonica; and (3) unvegetated mud flats. Microbial metabolic rates were greatly stimulated at the SA site during the active growing seasons of Spartina, indicating that a substantial amount of organic substrates was supplied from the high below-ground biomass of Spartina.

Alterations in Brain Morphometric Networks and Their Relationship with Memory Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Cognitive dysfunction, a significant complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), can potentially manifest even from the early stages of the disease. Despite evidence of global brain atrophy and related cognitive dysfunction in early-stage T2DM patients, specific regions vulnerable to these changes have not yet been identified. The study enrolled patients with T2DM of less than five years' duration and without chronic complications (T2DM group, n=100) and demographically similar healthy controls (control group, n=50).

Impact of sleep disturbance in shift workers on hippocampal volume and psychomotor speed.

Study Objectives: Shift work interferes with circadian rhythms, affecting sleep quality and cognitive function. Poor sleep quality in shift worker (SW)s can impair psychomotor performance due to fatigue and sleepiness, increasing the risk of errors, accidents, and reduced productivity. Given the potential for atrophic changes in the hippocampus due to sleep disturbances, our study investigates how poor sleep quality correlates with hippocampal structural alterations and impacts psychomotor performance among SWs.

Ultrathin All-Solid-State MoS-Based Electrolyte Gated Synaptic Transistor with Tunable Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Film.

Electrolyte-gated synaptic transistors (EGSTs) have attracted considerable attention as synaptic devices owing to their adjustable conductance, low power consumption, and multi-state storage capabilities. To demonstrate high-density EGST arrays, 2D materials are recommended owing to their excellent electrical properties and ultrathin profile. However, widespread implementation of 2D-based EGSTs has challenges in achieving large-area channel growth and finding compatible nanoscale solid electrolytes.

RNA helicase DEAD-box-5 is involved in R-loop dynamics of preimplantation embryos.

Objective: R-loops are DNA:RNA triplex hybrids, and their metabolism is tightly regulated by transcriptional regulation, DNA damage response, and chromatin structure dynamics. R-loop homeostasis is dynamically regulated and closely associated with gene transcription in mouse zygotes. However, the factors responsible for regulating these dynamic changes in the R-loops of fertilized mouse eggs have not yet been investigated.

Analysis of Out-of-Hospital First Aid for Recovery of Spontaneous Circulation after Cardiac Arrest in Korea.

The characteristics of an individual patient experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who recovered spontaneous circulation with the assistance of witnesses and paramedics were examined. The analysis of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the professional first aid efforts of paramedics in the pre-hospital environment is pivotal to enhancing the survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The data used in this study were extracted from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) nationally recognized statistics, Acute Heart Failure big data survey.

INO80 function is required for mouse mammary gland development, but mutation alone may be insufficient for breast cancer.

The aberrant function of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler INO80 has been implicated in multiple types of cancers by altering chromatin architecture and gene expression; however, the underlying mechanism of the functional involvement of INO80 mutation in cancer etiology, especially in breast cancer, remains unclear. In the present study, we have performed a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WCGNA) to investigate links between INO80 expression and breast cancer sub-classification and progression. Our analysis revealed that INO80 repression is associated with differential responsiveness of estrogen receptors (ERs) depending upon breast cancer subtype, ER networks, and increased risk of breast carcinogenesis.

Healing Donor Defect States in CVD-Grown MoS Field-Effect Transistors Using Oxygen Plasma with a Channel-Protecting Barrier.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS ), a metal dichalcogenide, is a promising channel material for highly integrated scalable transistors. However, intrinsic donor defect states, such as sulfur vacancies (V ), can degrade the channel properties and lead to undesired n-doping. A method for healing the donor defect states in monolayer MoS is proposed using oxygen plasma, with an aluminum oxide (Al O ) barrier layer that protects the MoS channel from damage by plasma treatment.

Common and distinct functions of mouse Dot1l in the regulation of endothelial transcriptome.

Epigenetic mechanisms are mandatory for endothelial called lymphangioblasts during cardiovascular development. Dot1l-mediated gene transcription in mice is essential for the development and function of lymphatic ECs (LECs). The role of Dot1l in the development and function of blood ECs blood endothelial cells is unclear.

Implementation of Interoperable Healthcare Standards for Community Healthcare.

Building an integrated data model that includes not only clinical data but also personal health records has become increasingly important. We aimed to build a big data healthcare platform by developing a common data model that can be utilized in the healthcare field. To this end, we acquired health data from various communities to establish community care digital healthcare service models.