Current status and challenges in electroencephalography (EEG)-based driver fatigue detection: a comprehensive survey.

Driver fatigue is a major contributor to traffic accidents, leading to increased fatality rates and severe damage compared to incidents involving alert drivers. Electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a widely used method for detecting driver fatigue due to its ability to capture brain activity patterns. This survey provides a thorough analysis of devices that detect driver fatigue using EEG, analyzing existing methodologies, challenges, and future research directions.

Dual-purpose surface plasmon resonance fiber sensor for power monitoring and biosensing application.

We demonstrate a simple and straightforward photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor for voltage and comparatively higher refractive index (RI) sensing, incorporating the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon for better and more reliable performance. The sensor contains three air holes; the central air hole is filled with an electric field-tunable nematic liquid crystal (NLC), while the remaining holes are filled with the analyte. Due to changes in the surrounding voltages, the RI of NLC varies, and the sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity of 6 nm/V and a resolution of 16.

Influence of ZrO2 content on the mechanical, electrical, and microstructural characteristics of La1-xZrxCo1-yMnyO3 perovskites for IT-SOFC cathodes.

In this research, the doping effects of ZrO2 and MnO2 on La1-xZrxCo1-yMnyO3 cathode were investigated in terms of physical, mechanical and electrical properties. The amount of ZrO2 was varied by 5wt%, 10wt%, and 15wt% for different compositions of the composites and MnO2 was varied accordingly. The composite cathode is prepared to enhance the structural and functional properties of La1-xZrxCo1-yMnyO3 composites by varying ZrO2 doping levels, optimizing their suitability for high-performance applications through detailed material characterization in powder and pellet form, followed by calcination at 1000°C and sintering at 1200°C.

ECG-based heart arrhythmia classification using feature engineering and a hybrid stacked machine learning.

A heart arrhythmia refers to a set of conditions characterized by irregular heart- beats, with an increasing mortality rate in recent years. Regular monitoring is essential for effective management, as early detection and timely treatment greatly improve survival outcomes. The electrocardiogram (ECG) remains the standard method for detecting arrhythmias, traditionally analyzed by cardiolo- gists and clinical experts.

Challenges issues and future recommendations of deep learning techniques for SARS-CoV-2 detection utilising X-ray and CT images: a comprehensive review.

The global spread of SARS-CoV-2 has prompted a crucial need for accurate medical diagnosis, particularly in the respiratory system. Current diagnostic methods heavily rely on imaging techniques like CT scans and X-rays, but identifying SARS-CoV-2 in these images proves to be challenging and time-consuming. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) models, specifically deep learning (DL) networks, emerge as a promising solution in medical image analysis.

Network Pharmacology and Elucidation of Phytochemicals Extracted from Ajwa Dates ( L.) to Inhibit Akt and PI3K Causing Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC).

Background: About 10-15% of all breast cancers comprise triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), defined as cancer cells that lack ER, PR, and HER2 protein receptors. Due to the absence of these receptors, treating TNBC using conventional chemotherapy is challenging and, therefore, requires the discovery of novel chemotherapeutic agents derived from natural sources.

Objective: The current work was intended to study the potential phytochemicals of Ajwa dates ( L.

Strength training with electrical stimulation has no or little effect on the very weak muscles of patients with spinal cord injury: a randomised trial.

Question: Is electrical stimulation (ES) combined with strength training and usual care more effective than usual care alone in increasing the strength of very weak muscles in people with recent spinal cord injury (SCI)?

Design: A randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation, intention-to-treat analysis and blinded outcome assessors.

Participants: Sixty participants with recent SCI were recruited from three SCI units in Australia and Bangladesh.

Interventions: Participants were randomised to either a treatment or control group.

Exploring post-COVID-19 health effects and features with advanced machine learning techniques.

COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory disease that has had a significant impact, resulting in a range of outcomes including recovery, continued health issues, and the loss of life. Among those who have recovered, many experience negative health effects, particularly influenced by demographic factors such as gender and age, as well as physiological and neurological factors like sleep patterns, emotional states, anxiety, and memory. This research aims to explore various health factors affecting different demographic profiles and establish significant correlations among physiological and neurological factors in the post-COVID-19 state.

Dig up tall fescue plastid genomes for the identification of morphotype-specific DNA variants.

Background: Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is an important cool-season perennial grass species. Hexaploid tall fescue has three distinct morphotypes used either as forage or turf purposes.

Fertilizer use gaps of women-headed households under diverse rice-based cropping patterns: Survey-based evidence from the Eastern Gangetic Plain, South Asia.

Women-headed households (WHHs) have limited access to agricultural inputs and extension services relative to male-headed households (MHHs) which may lead to yield gaps, poorer livelihoods and greater food insecurity. Since lower fertilizer use by WHHs will restrict crop yield, we examined how limited access to fertilizer inputs and extension services was reflected in nutrient use gaps relative to Government recommendations. A total of 80 WHHs were randomly selected for interview from four Agro-ecological Zones (AEZs) covering five representative districts of Bangladesh to assess, for the first time, nutrient use gaps of WHHs under five rice-based cropping patterns.

HARDC : A novel ECG-based heartbeat classification method to detect arrhythmia using hierarchical attention based dual structured RNN with dilated CNN.

Deep learning-based models have achieved significant success in detecting cardiac arrhythmia by analyzing ECG signals to categorize patient heartbeats. To improve the performance of such models, we have developed a novel hybrid hierarchical attention-based bidirectional recurrent neural network with dilated CNN (HARDC) method for arrhythmia classification. This solves problems that arise when traditional dilated convolutional neural network (CNN) models disregard the correlation between contexts and gradient dispersion.

Multidisciplinary Conservative Treatment Outcomes of in-Patient Physiotherapy Set-Up Among Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation in Dhaka City, Bangladesh: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The study aimed to determine the outcome of Multidisciplinary physiotherapist-led conservative treatment of lumbar disc herniation at an in-patient set-up of a specialized spine center in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 228 cases completing treatment and follow-up sessions. The outcome was evaluated as pain at rest and five different functional positions, neurological recovery, and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes during discharge and follow-up.

Designing of Hollow Core Grapefruit Fiber Using Cyclo Olefin Polymer for the Detection of Fuel Adulteration in Terahertz Region.

A grapefruit-shape hollow-core liquid infiltrated photonic crystal fiber (LI-PCF) is proposed and evaluated to identify the percentage of kerosene in adulterated petrol. The proposed hollow-fiber sensor is designed with Cyclo Olefin Polymer (Zeonex) and likely to be filled with different samples of petrol which is adulated by the kerosene up to 100%. Considering the electromagnetic radiation in THz band, the sensing properties are thoroughly investigated by adopting finite element method (FEM) based COMSOL Multiphysics software.

High index core flat fiber surface plasmon resonance bio-sensor.

Due to tremendous design flexibility and ease of light control capability, the photonic crystal fiber offers efficient, flexible, and miniaturized plasmonic biosensors with attractive features. In this work, a high index ( doped silica) core flat fiber is proposed and analyzed for RI sensing ranging from 1.53 to 1.

Multimodal Hybrid Deep Learning Approach to Detect Tomato Leaf Disease Using Attention Based Dilated Convolution Feature Extractor with Logistic Regression Classification.

Automatic leaf disease detection techniques are effective for reducing the time-consuming effort of monitoring large crop farms and early identification of disease symptoms of plant leaves. Although crop tomatoes are seen to be susceptible to a variety of diseases that can reduce the production of the crop. In recent years, advanced deep learning methods show successful applications for plant disease detection based on observed symptoms on leaves.

Unbalanced fertilizer use in the Eastern Gangetic Plain: The influence of Government recommendations, fertilizer type, farm size and cropping patterns.

Intensive cropping systems with diverse cropping patterns present a challenge for nutrient management on smallholder farms. Government-endorsed recommendations for crop fertilizer use are designed to assist farmers achieve profitable and balanced nutrient inputs, but it is unclear how closely farmers follow these recommendations. We identified farmers' current nutrient use gaps (overuse or underuse) relative to the Government-endorsed recommended nutrient doses in two cropping patterns in three representative Agro-ecological Zones of Bangladesh.

Transcriptome of Endophyte-Positive and Endophyte-Free Tall Fescue Under Field Stresses.

Tall fescue is one of the primary sources of forage for livestock. It grows well in the marginal soils of the temperate zones. It hosts a fungal endophyte (), which helps the plants to tolerate abiotic and biotic stresses.

Farmers' fertilizer use gaps relative to government recommendations in the saline coastal zone of the Ganges Delta.

Unlabelled: Overuse or underuse of nutrients relative to recommendations is a likely cause of crop yield gaps and an impediment to the achievement of food security. Government-endorsed recommendations are developed to deliver the best evidence-based advice on balanced fertilizer; however, deviations of farmers' nutrient use from the recommendations are rarely examined. This study chose the salt-affected coastal zone of the Ganges Delta, where low crop productivity and cropping intensity by smallholders limit their income, to determine current nutrient use gaps for the first time of three cropping patterns in two representative districts of Bangladesh.

Incidence, severity and time course of pressure injuries over the first two years following discharge from hospital in people with spinal cord injuries in Bangladesh.

Design: Cohort study embedded in a clinical trial.

Setting: Community, Bangladesh.

Objectives: To determine the incidence, severity and time course of pressure injuries over the first two years following discharge from hospital in people with spinal cord injuries (SCI) in Bangladesh.

Drought Responsive Putative Marker-Trait Association in Tall Fescue as Influenced by the Presence of a Novel Endophyte.

Tall fescue ( Schreb.) is one of the most important cool-season perennial obligatory outcrossing forage grasses in the United States. The production and persistence of tall fescue is significantly affected by drought in the south-central United States.

Phytochemical profiling of Blumea laciniata (Roxb.) DC. and its phytopharmaceutical potential against diabetic, obesity, and Alzheimer's.

Blumea laciniata (Roxb.) DC. is a folk medicinal annual herb of the Asteraceae family that grows in South and Southeast Asia.

Petrophysical and petrographic characteristics of Barail Sandstone of the Surma Basin, Bangladesh.

The Barail sandstone in the Surma Basin is a medium- to coarse-grained pinkish-colored rock exposed near the northeastern margin of Bangladesh. In this study, we evaluated the reservoir quality of the Barail sandstone based on its petrophysical and petrographic characteristics. Petrophysical analyses of outcropped samples showed that sandstones are made up of 16.

The cost of providing a community-based model of care to people with spinal cord injury, and the healthcare costs and economic burden to households of spinal cord injury in Bangladesh.

Design: Descriptive.

Setting: Community, Bangladesh.

Objectives: To determine the costs associated with providing a community-based model of care delivered as part of the CIVIC trial to people discharged from hospital with recent spinal cord injury (SCI), and to determine the economic burden to households.

Methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of L. leaves exhibit anxiolytic, sedative and analgesic activity in Swiss albino mice.

Introduction: L. have been utilized as traditional medicine in Indian subcontinent for the treatment of numerous illnesses such as inflammation, pain and skin infection. In this current study we sought to assess the anxiolytic, sedative and analgesic activity of L.