Dermatological Adverse Effects of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: A Systematic Review.

Ventriculoperitoneal (VPS) implantation provides immediate improvement in hydrocephalus management but is associated with complications such as infection, malfunction, and dermatological issues. We conducted a systematic review of studies examining adverse skin reactions related to VPS placement in patients of all ages. Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science from inception to April 2023 using Medical Subject Headings such as "ventriculoperitoneal shunt" and "skin diseases.

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy worldwide and its associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has taken a toll on humans, and the development of effective vaccines has been a promising tool to end the pandemic. However, for a vaccination program to be successful, a considerable proportion of the community must be vaccinated. Hence, public acceptance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines has become the key to controlling the pandemic.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward Skin Cancer among Patients of Dermatology Clinics and Medical Students/General Practitioners.

This cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding skin cancer among dermatology clinic patients, medical students, and general practitioners (GPs) in Tehran, Iran. The researchers collected data using a validated questionnaire administered online, measuring KAP on scales of 0-31, 0-16, and 0-28, respectively, with scores above 16, 8, and 14 indicating "good" levels. Of 2243 participants (mean age 28 years), 59.

Orexin receptors in the hippocampal dentate gyrus modulated the restraint stress-induced analgesia in the animal model of chronic pain.

Previous studies have shown that stressful stimuli induced an adaptive response of reduced nociception, known as stress-induced analgesia (SIA). Since orexin neuropeptides are involved in pain modulation, and orexin neurons, primarily located in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), project to various hippocampal regions, such as the dentate gyrus (DG), the current study aimed to examine the role of orexin receptors within the DG region in the restraint SIA in the animal model of chronic pain. One hundred-thirty adult male Wistar rats (230-250 g) were unilaterally implanted with a cannula above the DG region.

The integrative role of orexin-1 and orexin-2 receptors within the hippocampal dentate gyrus in the modulation of the stress-induced antinociception in the formalin pain test in the rat.

The stressful experiences, by triggering a cascade of hormonal and neural changes, can produce antinociception commonly referred to as stress-induced antinociception (SIA). Orexin neuropeptides have an essential role in stress responses and pain modulation. The dentate gyrus receives orexinergic projections and has been shown to be involved in pain processing.

Additive effect of histamine and muscimol upon induction of antinociceptive and antidepressant effects in mice.

We investigated the effects of histamine and GABA A receptor agents on pain and depression-like behaviors and their interaction using a tail-flick test and the forced swimming test (FST) in male mice. Our data revealed that intraperitoneal administration of muscimol (0.12 and 0.

GABA-ergic agents modulated the effects of histamine on the behaviour of male mice in the elevated plus maze test.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Is there an interaction between histamine and the GABAergic system in modulation of anxiety in mice? What is the main finding and its importance? There is a synergistic anxiogenic effect between histamine and bicuculline in mice. This effect may be due to a direct or an indirect effect of the histaminergic system on the GABAergic system.

Abstract: It has been documented that both histaminergic and GABAergic systems participate in the neurobiology of anxiety behaviour.