Comparative assessment of antidepressant-related behaviors of citalopram, crocin, and their combination in non-acute restraint stress and acute restraint stress mice.

Many studies demonstrated the role of citalopram (the bromohydrate of citalopram, which inhibits 5-HT reuptake) and crocin (a carotenoid chemical compound, antioxidant, antidepressant) in the modulation of depression-related behaviors. This research aimed to assess a possible interaction between citalopram and crocin on the modulation of depression-related behaviors in non-acute restraint stress (NARS) and acute restraint stress (ARS) mice. ARS was induced using movement restraint for 4 hours.

The Effect of Fentanyl Abuse on the Gut Microbiota Pattern, Inflammation, and Metabolic Alterations in a Fentanyl Dependance Rat Model.

This study examines the effects of fentanyl misuse on gut microbiota, inflammation, and metabolic pathways using a rat model. As the opioid crisis, driven by synthetic opioids like fentanyl, escalates, identifying new biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies becomes crucial to mitigate its negative impacts and rising overdose cases. This study was done using species-specific 16S rRNA gene profiling through absolute real-time PCR techniques, alongside relative real-time PCR analysis for inflammatory and metabolic markers and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for metabolite quantification.

Role of opioid tapering in rescuing anxiety and social novelty deficits in morphine-withdrawn male rats.

Abstinence from morphine in patients with opioid use disorder leads to both physical and emotional withdrawal symptoms. A common treatment strategy involves administering long-acting opioids to alleviate these symptoms while gradually reducing the dose, helping patients adapt to morphine-free conditions. This study examined how tapering regimens of methadone, buprenorphine, or morphine affect anxiety-like behaviors and social functioning in morphine-dependent rats.

Association of , μ-opioid Receptor, and Cytochrome Genes with Methadone Dose in Iranian Male Addicts Under Methadone Therapy.

Introduction: Treatment of opioid use disorders (OUDs) via safe and effective approaches has been investigated for years. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) has been considered an effective therapy for opioid addiction. It has been observed that patients with genetic polymorphisms often show variability in the optimal drug dose requirement and treatment schedule.

Combination therapy with citalopram, bupropion, and lithium for the amelioration of the depressive-related effects induced by dexamethasone in male mice.

Combination therapy is a proposed strategy in the treatment of depression. Therefore, this research was designed to evaluate the effects of drug combinations of citalopram, bupropion, and lithium on depression-related behaviors induced by dexamethasone (DEX) and aimed to detect the type of interaction among components. Depression-related behaviors were assessed by forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), as well as locomotor activity, was assessed using an open-field test (OFT) in male mice.

The combination of citalopram and crocin synergistically alleviates the anxiogenic-related behaviors induced by acute restraint stress (ARS) in male mice.

Citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is well-known for the treatment of mood disorders and generalized anxiety disorder. Furthermore, crocin caused antidepressant impacts in clinical research and extensive anxiolytic impacts in experimental animal models. This research was designed to assess the effects of drug combinations of citalopram and crocin on anxiety-related behaviors induced by acute restraint stress (ARS) and aimed to discover the type of interaction between components.

Therapeutic effects of resveratrol on memory deficits in offspring of sleep-deprived rats: Involvement of hippocampal BDNF-TrkB pathways.

Background: Maternal sleep deprivation (MSD) is a significant public health issue that adversely affects neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in offspring, resulting in cognitive deficits in learning and memory. Resveratrol, an antioxidant with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, may help mitigate these effects. This study investigates resveratrol's potential to counteract the negative impacts of MSD on neurodevelopment in male Wistar rat offspring.

Synergistic anxiolytic-like effect of CPPG and harmaline in non-stressed and acute restraint stress (ARS) mice.

Many studies revealed the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and harmaline in the modulation of anxiety-related behaviors. This study aimed to determine a possible interaction between harmaline and group III mGluR on the modulation of anxiety-correlated behaviors. The left lateral ventricle of male mice was unilaterally cannulated.

Impact of parental ethanol exposure on offspring memory: Sex differences in spatial and passive avoidance tasks.

The impact of parental alcohol exposure on subsequent generations recently gained significant attention. Ethanol, widely consumed by humans, is known for its anxiolytic effects upon initial use. However, repeated ethanol consumption leads to cognitive dysfunction, dependence, and other physical abnormalities.

The additive effect between citalopram and muscimol upon induction of antinociceptive effect in male mice.

Previous investigations have revealed the role of GABAergic and serotonergic systems in the modulation of pain behavior. This research aimed to examine the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.

Evaluation of RehaCom cognitive rehabilitation on different aspects of visual attention in patients with middle cerebral artery ischemia: A nonblinded randomized clinical trial.

Background: Cerebral ischemia or stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world, and most surviving patients suffer from long-term physical and cognitive disabilities, which create many social and economic problems for them and society. Visual attention impairment is a common cognitive complication among patients with cerebral ischemia, especially in the Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA). One way to improve attention in these patients is cognitive rehabilitation.

Protocol for state-based decoding of hand movement parameters using neural signals.

We present a protocol for decoding kinematic and kinetic parameters from the primary somatosensory cortex during active and passive hand movements in a center-out reaching task using state-based and conventional decoders. We describe steps for preparing data and using the state-based model to classify movement directions into states via feature extraction and predict parameters with regression models (partial least squares and multilinear regression) trained per state. This state-based approach outperforms conventional methods, enhancing accuracy for brain-computer interface applications.

Preclinical evidence for the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of citicoline and imipramine in the sciatic nerve-ligated mice.

Background: Neuropathic pain is a usual condition followed by nerve injury. Experimental neuropathy is linked with delayed behavioral variations correlated to anxiety and depression behaviors. Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that can diminish anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors.

Synergistic interaction between clonidine and ACPA on the modulation of anxiety-like behaviors in non-acute restraint stress and acute restraint stress conditions.

The present research examined the possible role of α-2 adrenergic receptor drugs (clonidine, selective α-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, and yohimbine, competitive α-2 adrenoreceptor antagonist,) on the effect of arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA), a cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist, in non-acute restraint stress (NARS) and acute restraint stress (ARS) mice. The animals were unilaterally implanted with a cannula in the left lateral ventricle. ARS was carried out by movement restraint at a period of 4 h.

Anxiolytic- and antidepressive-like effects of harmaline in mice are mediated via histamine H3 receptor blockade.

Many neuropsychiatric disorders can be caused by neurotransmitter dysfunction. Experimental studies have demonstrated that histamine and the harmaline affect physiological processes through interaction with other neurotransmitter systems. The objective of these experiments was to investigate the involvement of the histaminergic system in the effects of harmaline on anxiety- and depressive-related effects in male NMRI mice.

Exploring the effects of naringenin on cell functioning and energy synthesis in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats with chronic tinnitus, by examining genetic indicators such as Bax, Bcl-2, Tfam, and Pgc-1α.

Background: The pivotal factors, including neural plasticity, oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and apoptosis, play a significant role in the pathogenesis of tinnitus. The balance between Bax/Bcl-2 genes is an important factor in determining the rate of apoptosis. Pgc-1α and Tfam genes are fundamental regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis.

Antidepressive synergism between crocin and D-AP5 in acute restraint-stressed mice.

Emerging evidence suggests that crocin rescues stress-induced depressive symptoms in mice via stimulation of hippocampal neurogenesis. Glutamate modulators mainly involving N-methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) have highlighted a role in neural development, synaptic plasticity, and depression. The research presented here was designed to appraise the interaction between NMDAR agents and crocin on depressive-related behaviors in the NMRI male mice exposed to acute restraint stress (ARS) for a period of 4 h.

Preconception ethanol exposure changes anxiety, depressive and checking-like behavior and alter the expression levels of MAO-B in male offspring.

Alcohol use, which alters the epigenome, increases the probability that it could affect subsequent generations, even if they were never directly exposed to ethanol or even in utero. We explored the effects of parental ethanol exposure before conception on behavioral changes in the offspring. Considering the role of Monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) in dopamine turnover in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and its influence on behavior, and taking into account that ethanol exposure could alter MAO-B, we assessed the protein levels in the offspring.

Alcohol: Epigenome alteration and inter/transgenerational effect.

While DNA serves as the fundamental genetic blueprint for an organism, it is not a static entity. Gene expression, the process by which genetic information is utilized to create functional products like proteins, can be modulated by a diverse range of environmental factors. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs, play a pivotal role in mediating the intricate interplay between the environment and gene expression.

Additive anxiolytic-like effect of citicoline and ACPA in the non-acute restraint stress (NARS) and acute restraint stress (ARS) mice.

The cannabinoid system plays a key role in stress-related emotional symptoms such as anxiety. Citicoline is a supplemental substance with neuroprotective properties that alleviates anxiety-related behaviors. There is a relation between the actions of cannabinoids and cholinergic systems.

Synergistic effects of citicoline and silymarin nanomicelles in restraint stress-exposed mice.

Unlabelled: This study evaluated the effects of citicoline and silymarin nanomicelles (SMnm) in repeated restraint stress (RRS).

Method: Mice were exposed to RRS for four consecutive days, 2 hrs. daily.

Synergistic effect between citalopram and muscimol upon induction of anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in male mice: An isobologram analysis.

Background: There is evidence that both the GABAergic system and serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as citalopram are involved in the modulation of anxiety and depression processes. In this research, we examined the effects of GABA receptor agents and citalopram on anxiety- and depression-related behaviors and their interaction in male mice.

Methods: For intracerebroventricular (i.